1,721,053 research outputs found
Vocational Education and Training in Transportation Maintenance 4.0: A Note
Full text linkVocational Education and Training (VET) represents a key factor for the development of countries and society. Due to radical changes and new challenges in technology and in societal needs, VET has to re-think its position in the education field as well for better fitting within the new job requirements. The chapter will focus on the relations between VET and Maintenance 4.0 environments analysing opportunities with particular attention to works in transportation systems. First, the work will discuss the actual context in comparison with the past decades focusing on the European situation. Second, the main points of VET and Transportation Maintenance 4.0 will be pinpointed. After that, a reflection on how those concepts can be combined in transportation systems will be offered. Finally, discussion and conclusion will reflect on how to move forwards for taking advantages of VET on a long-term horizo
Modalità di distruzione degli esplosivi utilizzati nella attività estrattiva
No full textGiornata di studio presso Provincia di Torino 30 Giugno 201
TUNNELING OPERATIONS, OCCUPATIONAL S&H AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: A PREVENTION THROUGH DESIGN APPROACH
Full text linkThe study refers on the main results of a research work that has been carried out by the Safety and Health group of the Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure engineering (DIATI) at the Politecnico di Torino, with reference to the substantial difference that exists between the case of an established absence of hazards due to the presence of noxious materials such asbestos, crystalline silica, in the rock mass to be excavated and the situations in which these minerals can be present. Since, when carcinogenic substances can be expected, corrective action following exposure or dispersion is clearly unacceptable, the presence of critical pollutants requires special preventive actions for the health of the workers and the muck which can introduce risks for the users (e.g., during mechanical processing involving feeding, crushing, milling, sizing and sorting operations) should not be considered for any reuse
The Prevention through Design approach as a key tool in tunnelling operations and muck reuse
No full textPurpose: on the basis of some case histories the problems are here discussed which can arise where a not exhaustive preliminary risk assessment is available, based on a quite detailed knowledge of the characteristics of the material to be excavated. Such problems cover occupational risks deriving from uncorrected selection of the tunnel driving technique and fittings layout, and environmental criticalities associated to unfeasible muck management and destination. The target of the present research work developed with reference to the tunneling operations, is to discuss an effective approach to the safety and health protection of the workers at the construction site, and to the environmental quality conditions in the surrounding areas. The latter should be referred to both the environmental protection, and to the reduction to a minimum of the environmental impact, this involving in particular the possibilities of reuse of the materials resulting from the tunnel driving operations. Methods: the research work is a part of a wide range study carried out by the Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructures Engineering (DIATI) of the Politecnico di Torino for the evaluation of the possibilities of the muck reuse. Nevertheless, this approach is possible only in the case of granted absence of hazards due to the presence in the rock mass to be excavated of noxious materials such asbestos, crystalline silica, etc., since, taken into account that in particular in the case of carcinogens, corrective action following exposure or dispersion is not acceptable, the presence of critical pollutants requires both special preventive actions for the workers health, and the impossibility of any reuse of the muck which could introduce risks for the users (e.g. during mechanical processing involving feeding, crushing, milling, sizing and sorting operations, etc.). Results: the first result is a discussion on the possibilities and techniques of a predictive assessment of the asbestos content in the rock, with special reference to the reliability of the achievable results. The second result is a discussion on the technical possibilities available to minimize the occupational risk where critical rock formations must be excavated. Finally, some considerations are provided on the often underestimated problem of the safety fittings availability, which can prove quite dramatic in the aforesaid critical situations. Conclusions: even if for both economic and environmental reasons the management of the material resulting from tunnel driving operations should be carefully evaluated, and any possible reuse considered, the very first step of such an analysis should be a very careful investigation on the possible content of critical minerals in the rocks to be excavated. In the case, no reuse is possible and a selection of the tunneling techniques and technologies suitable to the minimization of the occupational and environmental risks becomes of primary importance
Information, formation and training for the maintenance operations: the lesson learned from fatal accidents
Full text linkThe list of possible machinery / equipment-related injuries is as long as it is worrying; they represent a non-negligible part of the total accidents in most industrial sectors, in terms of both numbers and severity, in normal conditions and during the maintenance operations.
Lack of maintenance or inadequate maintenance can lead to dangerous situations, accidents and health problems; but, at the same time, maintenance itself is a high-risk activity due to special hazards resulting from the particular nature of the work. Moreover, the workers involved are more likely than other employees directly exposed to the risks, since direct contact between the worker and the machinery to be maintained cannot be substantially reduced
Design for Maintenance of Infrastructures: The Lesson of the Morandi Bridge
Full text linkDesign for Maintenance (DfM) is an important aspect to consider during planning phases of an infrastructure. Despite its importance in ensuring, for instance, reliability and safety during all the life of an asset, last decades show how it has been often neglected in order to save time, money, materials, resources, etc. The chapter aims to navigate through the most important aspects to consider for a proper DfM. Firstly, an introduction on DfM and transportation infrastructures will be offered. Secondly, a reflection on a major accident occurred to a motorway infrastructure in Italy (Morandi bridge) caused by an apparent lack of maintenance and DfM will be proposed. Lastly, the chapter will discuss the findings and will look into future actions and researches to take in order to prevent disruptions with the adoption of valuable maintenance operations
Formalized Approach in Prevention through Design and Detailed Definition of the Input Data on the Basis of Occurred Accidents: Some Experiences at Italian Extractive Activities
Full text linkThe paper deals with the principia and results of a formalized approach in Prevention Through Design applied to a number of North Western Italian extractive activities. The goal of an effective occupational Risk Analysis and Management, coherent to the national enforcements of the European safety
regulations for the exploitation plan and development, nvolves a pro-active approach. The statistical data confirms in fact that the extractive activities should be considered with special care, due to the impressive figures of work related accidents (in number and seriousness), and of the health
impairments associated with the presence of quite noxious pollutants at the workplaces.
Taken into account on one hand the impressive developments in the geotechnics – geomechanic sciences, and in the mining techniques and technologies, and on the other hand the results of the recent epidemiologic surveys, in particular with reference to the possible criticality of the silica dust, a Prevention through Design approach appears to be the only solution to correctly manage the substantially modified overall safety situation.
Obviously, the availability of reliable input data drawn from occurred accidents is essential for the development of an exhaustive Risk Analysis and Management in the Prevention through Design proactive approach. To overcome the physiological limits to the work related accidents available
databases, and to get detailed information on the chain of intermediate events up to the root causes laying at the very base on an accident, a special technique was developed, useful also to pinpoint the safety measures necessary to prevent the accident. The characteristic of the technique and the possible results are discussed, together with the possibilities and advantages of its implementation in a
computer assisted tool
Tacit Knowledge Sharing for System Integration:A case of Netherlands Railways in Industry 4.0
Full text linkSharing of tacit knowledge is a key topic of research within the knowledge management community. Considering it’s embodied nature, organizations have always struggled with embedding it into their processes. Proper execution of complex processes such as system integration asks for an adequate sharing of tacit knowledge. Acknowledging the importance of lessons learned for system integration and their presence in tacit and explicit form, a case study was conducted within the Netherlands Railways. It was determined that non-sensitivity to the tacit dimension of lessons learned has resulted in their lack of utilization. Consequently, LEAF framework was developed, where LEAF stands for Learnability, Embraceability, Applicability, and Findability. The framework suggests that addressing these four features collectively can eventually lead to an adequate knowledge-sharing strategy for lessons learned. Lastly, the chapter presents an example from the Netherlands Railways to emphasize the key role technological solutions of Industry 4.0 can play in facilitating tacit knowledge sharing
Big Data Analytics for Maintaining Transportation Systems
Full text linkBig Data Analytics (BDA) is becoming a research focus in transportation systems, which can be seen from many projects within the world. By using sensor and Internet of Things (IoT) technology in transportation system, huge amount of data is been generated from different sources. This data can be integrated, analyzed and visualized for efficient and effective decision-making for maintaining transportation systems. The key challenges that exist in managing Big Data are the designing of the systems, which would be able to handle huge amount of data efficiently and effectively and to filter the most significant information from all the collected data. This chapter will draw attention towards the present scenario and future projections of big data in transportation systems. It also presents big data tools and techniques and then presents one brief case study of BDA in each type of transportation system. In this chapter, a broad overview of Big Data definitions, its history, present, and future prospects are briefed. Several tools and technologies especially for transportation are pointed out for maintaining transportation systems. At the end of the chapter, a definitive case studies on each transportation area is demonstrated
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