1,720,959 research outputs found
Double-blind trial of house-dust mite immunotherapy in asthmatic children resident at high altitude.
No full textTwenty-three Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt)-sensitive asthmatic children
aged 7-14 years entered a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of standardized
immunotherapy (IT) (Alpare) while resident at high altitude. Dpt sensitivity was
evaluated by skin prick tests at different allergen concentrations at the
enrollment and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. Bronchial hyperreactivity was
evaluated at the same time points, and on each occasion, histamine challenge and,
the following day, Dpt bronchial challenge were performed. All patients,
irrespective of active treatment, improved clinically and in lung function with
increased PC20 and Dpt-PD20. Alpare-treated patients had a significantly
decreased sensitivity on Dpt skin testing (P < 0.009) and felt that their asthma
had improved (P < 0.001) compared with placebo-treated subjects, but there was no
difference between the treatment groups in lung function or bronchial challenge
response. IT neither increased nor decreased bronchial histamine sensitivity. Our
results indicate that Dpt IT benefits asthmatic children, but improvement by
allergen avoidance at high altitude is even greater
Double-blind trial of house-dust mite immunotherapy in asthmatic children resident at high altitude
No full textTwenty-three Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt)-sensitive asthmatic children aged 7-14 years entered a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of standardized immunotherapy (IT) (Alpare) while resident at high altitude. Dpt sensitivity was evaluated by skin prick tests at different allergen concentrations at the enrollment and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. Bronchial hyperreactivity was evaluated at the same time points, and on each occasion, histamine challenge and, the following day, Dpt bronchial challenge were performed. All patients, irrespective of active treatment, improved clinically and in lung function with increased PC20 and Dpt-PD20. Alpare-treated patients had a significantly decreased sensitivity on Dpt skin testing (P < 0.009) and felt that their asthma had improved (P < 0.001) compared with placebo-treated subjects, but there was no difference between the treatment groups in lung function or bronchial challenge response. IT neither increased nor decreased bronchial histamine sensitivity. Our results indicate that Dpt IT benefits asthmatic children, but improvement by allergen avoidance at high altitude is even greater
Effect on cortical and trabecular bone mass of different anti-inflammatory treatments in preadolescent children with chronic asthma.
No full textBone metabolism and density have been shown to be abnormal in adult asthmatic patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids. Because the largest increases in bone growth and mineral deposition occur during childhood and adolescence, we performed a cross-sectional evaluation of cortical and trabecular bone mass by dual-photon absorptiometry at the proximal one third of the radius (cortical bone) and by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the L2-L4 lumbar spine (trabecular bone) in 64 prepubertal asthmatic children receiving beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) or cromolyn sodium (CS). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed by anteroposterior scan and also by lateral vertebral scan in order to exclude the posterior elements of the vertebrae, which are composed mainly of cortical bone and which are less sensitive to the negative effect of steroids. Furthermore, we calculated "volumetric" bone density, dividing lateral mineral content by the vertebral volume. Bone mineral areal density and volume bone density did not differ in children receiving BDP for 6.7 +/- 1.3 mo at a mean dose of 319.3 +/- 130 micrograms/d compared with those in children treated with CS. Furthermore, anteroposterior bone density in our study population was in agreement with published normative data and with that of normal age-related healthy nonasthmatic children living in the same area and with the same dietary intake of calcium. No normal values are available for lateral and calculated-volume bone density. In conclusion, treatment with BDP does not appear to have an adverse effect on bone mass in prepubertal children with mild moderate asthma. Longitudinal studies should be performed in order to evaluate the effect of early introduction of inhaled corticosteroids in children with mild asthma
[Beta-2 agonists, exposure to allergens and bronchial hyperreactivity in children with allergic asthma]
No full textThe contribution of beta 2-agonist treatment per se and the effect of beta 2-agonists plus allergen exposure was evaluated in two groups of thirteen asthmatic children being treated respectively at sea level during the period of maximal allergen exposure and at high altitude in an environment free of the offending allergens. Bronchial hyperreactivity was evaluated by standardised exercise tests before and after treatment with salbutamol controlled release tablets (4 mg). Challenges were performed at the beginning and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. A fourth test was performed 2 days after stopping the treatment. Children treated with salbutamol at sea level (exposure to allergen) showed baseline delta PEF of 16.9 +/- 3.4 and 13.7 +/- 4.2, 20.7 +/- 4.3, 26.0 +/- 5.1 respectively for the second, third and fourth test. Children treated at high altitude showed respectively delta PEF of 34.9 +/- 5.1, 31.1 +/- 4.9, 26.5 +/- 5.4, 27.9 +/- 5.0. These data suggest that oral salbutamol per se is not responsible for an increase in bronchial responsiveness, but eventually suggest that treatment with beta 2-agonists at the same time as continued allergen exposure may be responsible for an increase in bronchial hyperresponsiveness
longitudinal evaluation of bone mass in asthmatic children treated with ihaled beclomethasone dipropionate of cromolyn sodium
No full textEffect of beclomethasone dipropionate nasal aerosol on serum markers of bone metabolism in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis.
No full textThirty-nine children with grass pollen hay fever were randomly treated with nasal inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) 200 or 400 microg/day or sodium cromoglycate (SCG) 30 mg/day for 2 months during the pollen season. Serum osteocalcin (OC), parathyroid hormone (PTH), total alkaline phosphatase (AP), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and type I collagen telopeptide (ICTP) were measured immediately before, 1 and 2 months after treatment and 1 week after stopping the therapy. No significant changes in OC, PTH, AP, BAP and ICTP serum level occurred within each group. Minor and probably clinically insignificant between group differences were occasionally found. Our study shows that BDP nasal spray has no significant effect on common markers of bone metabolism
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Chromosome 14 linkage analysis and mutation study of 2 serpin genes in allergic asthmatic families
No full textBACKGROUND
Genome and chromosome screens reported DNA markers on chromosome 14 linked to allergic asthma or intermediate phenotypes in several populations.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to perform a linkage study on chromosome 14 and a further association study on candidate genes mapped in the region found to be linked to allergic asthma or intermediate phenotypes.
METHODS
The study consisted of a sample of 189 families (847 genotyped individuals) from a restricted geographic area in northeastern Italy. The subjects were characterized for the following phenotypes: allergic asthma, total serum IgE levels, skin prick test responses, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to methacholine. Genotyping was done with 14 DNA markers and 4 polymorphisms in the genes encoding alpha(1)-anti-trypsin and alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin (ACT).
RESULTS
Multipoint analysis indicated a potential linkage of BHR with marker D14S617 (nonparametric linkage z score = 2.32, P =.01). Transmission disequilibrium of Thr -15Ala in the gene encoding ACT was observed with all the phenotypes investigated: allergic asthma, BHR, total IgE levels, or skin prick test responses (P =.041,.02,.0053, or.026, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Chromosome 14 screening and transmission disequilibrium testing on the gene encoding ACT suggest that it or a closely located gene may be involved in susceptibility to allergic asthma in the Italian population
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