175 research outputs found
Tompa de Horzowa, Tompa de Palychna, Tompa de Monyorós. Contribution to the History of Croatian Noble Family
No full textČlanak je četvrti dio pokušaja rekonstrukcije povijesti srednjovjekovnih hrvatskih plemićkih obitelji Tompa de Horzowa i Tompa de Palychna.
Prvi dio je slijedio obiteljsku povijest do 16. stoljeća.
U drugom dijelu predstavljena su četiri obiteljska grba iz 16. i 17. stoljeća.
U trećem je prikazana povijest obitelji Tompa i Wiesner kroz atelijerske portrete u 19. i početkom 20. stoljeća. Svi su objavljeni u Arhivskom vjesniku 2012., 2013. i 2014.
U četvrtom dijelu vraćamo se na stariju povijest rodbine koju razmatramo kroz prizmu obiteljske genealogije iz fonda obitelji Tompa u Hrvatskom državnom arhivu – HDA pod nazivom „Deductio genealogiae nobilis familiae Tompianae“ ali i drugih izvora. Zanimljivo je da rodoslovlje, sastavljeno iz većeg broja listova, ima kao rodonačelnika obitelji zapisanog Ivana Tompu de Erdewda, brata hrvatskog biskupa i bana Šimuna Bakača Tompa de Erdödyja i rođaka kardinala i Korvinovog kancelara Tome Bakača. Ali već njegovi nasljednici po toj su genealogiji obitelj Tompa de Palychna, po nekim autorima i Tompa de Monyorós, koji vrh svega kasnije rabe i odrednicu
de Horzowa.U članku smo pokušali razjasniti kako je došlo do tog krivog tumačenja i pokazali da su članovi obitelji Tompa de Horzowa potomci Ivana Tompe de Horzowa, ali i da su iz istog roda kao i obitelj Tompa de Palychna. Također smo pojasnili kako je dio obitelji de Palychna i de Horzowa pogrešno uključen u obitelj Tompa de Monyorós.This part of the reconstruction of the history of the very old families from the lesser Croatian nobility Tompa de Horzowa and Tompa de Palychna is an attempt to prove that both families were from the same kindred. In the Funds of the Tompa family in the Croatian National Archives, we can find documents from different Tompa families, but we believe that they all have the same kindred. We found documents related to the families Tompa de Palychna and Tompa de Horzowa. Some indices in a recent text, as well as one document from 1531 in the Funds of the Tompa family in the Croatian National Archive, can be interpreted as indicating that the members of the family Tompa de Palychna were descendants of John Tompa de Erdewd, the older brother of the Croatian bishop and ban Simon Bakocz, from the Erdödy kindred, who were from the branch called Tompa. At the same time however, there also lived another John Tompa, but from the kindred Tompa de Horzowa.
We first analysed the families’ coats of arms. It was not only the members of the Bakocz Erdödy family that used variations of the coat of arm of the cardinal and state chancellor Thomas/Tamas Bakocz. The Palffy family also used the same crucial element, a salient deer from the semi-wheel, in their coats of arms. It passed to them through the marriage of Clara Bakocz Erdödy to one member of the Palffy family. The four coats of arms of the families Tompa de Horzowa and Tompa de Palychna were completely different. A basic heraldic element in all four coats of arms was a pelican, which wounds his breast and nourishes its young in the nest with his blood. Two coats of arms contain a patriarchal or double cross. If John Tompa de Erdewd was the founder of the family Tompa de Palychna, as suggested by the recent text in the Croatian National Archives, and if John Tompa de Horzowa was one of the members of the family Tompa de Horzowa, the only logical conclusion is that they were completely different families without any family bonds. But we believe that Tompa de Palychna was from the same kindred as the family Tompa de Horzowa and they do not have any relationship with the Bakocz Erdödy family.
We also find clear example showing that the descendants from the first marriage used the predicate de Horzowa, and the descendants of the second marriage used the predicate de Palychna. This is a repeating pattern, which we can trace from the second half of the 16th century. For example, in the beginning of 16th century, the sons of Melkior Tompa de Horzowa were de Horzowa from the first marriage and de Palychna from the second. And what do Tompa de Horzowa and de Palychna have in common with the family Tompa de Monyoros? The Tompa de Monyoros were related to the castle of Monyoros, today Skrabčiansky hrad in Slovakia. But, we found toponyms and hidronyms of Monyoros all around the medieval Hungarian empire. If we take into account that the Hungarian term monyoros (also mogyoros) means hazel-tree and that monyoros means hazel-bushes overgrowing water, than it is logical that we can find that name in many different places. We know that Stephen Tompa de Palychna had some estates in the County of Baranya (near Sziget) and the County of Zala, where there were also estates with name Monyoros, so we believe that this confusion in equalizing the family Tompa de Palychna with Tompa de Monyoros arose from this misjudgement, as the two have nothing in common.
The other person that contributed to the confusion is the author Ivan Nagy, who in his 19th century book of Hungarian noble families wrote that a member of the Tompa family was Stephen Tompa de Monyoros (in our case he is Stephen Tompa de Palychna). Analysing the estates of the families Tompa de Horzowa and Tompa de Palychna, we find out that they were very close to each other from the second half of 16th century to the 20th century. From the second part of 16th century, all the estates of Tompa de Palychna and Tompa de Horzowa were around the Kolpa, the border river with Slovenia, which was at that time the border with Carniola, the inner Austrian land of the dual Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Previous estates from the 14th century of the family Tompa de Horzowa were located around Cirkvena in Krževci County, which were settled in the turbulent times with the Vlachs. Later, in 1628, the family brought all these estates back into their ownership.
The members of both families from the 16th century were in most cases state deputies of the Croatian, Slavonian and Dalmatian assembly, vice mayors of Zagreb and Varazdin county and judges – most of them were officers in Austro-Hungarian army. The other members were living more or less peacefully on the estate inherited from their ascendants until the 20th century. Their marriage ties show us that they were connected with noble families who found refuges when their primal estates were conquered by the Ottomans in others parts of Croatia. Those families were Forchych of Butinavac, Skarycza alias Ljubuncic of Ratkovec, Sturlich of Sturlich grad etc. But they were also connected to other noble Croatian and Hungarian families, such as Apoky, Bebessy, Bedeković of Komor, Jelačić, etc
Comparison of drinking water supply in the municipality of Črenšovci before and after joining a singel system
No full textV diplomskem delu je predstavljena oskrba s pitno vodo na območju Občine Črenšovci. Prvi del opisuje trenutno in predhodno stanje oskrbe s pitno vodo na celotnem območju. Predstavljeni so prejšnji sistemi oskrbe po naseljih in novozgrajen enovit sistem »Oskrba s pitno vodo Pomurja – sistem A«, ki vključuje območje Občine Črenšovci. V drugem delu so prikazani rezultati analiz pitne vode na vseh omenjenih sistemih. Na podlagi prikazanih rezultatov je narejena primerjava kakovosti pitne vode med prejšnjim in trenutnim sistemom oskrbe. Po opravljeni primerjavi prikazanih rezultatov ugotavljamo, da je z izgradnjo novega enovitega sistema, kakovost pitne vode na celotnem območju občine izboljšana. Predvsem v naseljih Trnje in Žižki je opaziti občutno izboljšanje rezultatov kemijske analize.The diploma thesis presents the drinking water supply within the area of the Municipality of Črenšovci. The first part describes current and previous state of drinking water supply in that entire area. It also shows the previous settlement supply systems and the newly built single plumbing system "Pomurje region drinking water supply – A system”, which includes the area of the Municipality of Črenšovci. The second part contains results of the analysis of drinking water within all of these systems. Based on the results presented, we have made a comparison of the quality of drinking water in the previous and the current supply system. In accordance with this comparison, we have made a conclusion that the drinking water quality has improved in the entire municipality area. The biggest improvement can be seen in the chemical analysis results of the Trnje and Žižki settlements
Contribution to the Reconstruction of the History of Old Croatian Noble Families Tompa of Horzowa and Tompa of Palychna
No full textČlanak je prvi prilog pokušaja rekonstrukcije povijesti starih hrvatskih plemićkih obitelji Tompa de Horzowa i Tompa de Palychna od kraja 14. stoljeća do oko 1566. Njegova glavna tema je kritički osvrt na recentni strojopis anonimnog autora, koji se nalazi u fondu obitelji Tompa u Hrvatskom državnom arhivu. Strojopis koji ima četiri strane i napisan je na hrvatskom jeziku, vjerojatno je nastao u prvoj polovici 20. stoljeća. U njemu je prikaz izvora roda te se nabrajaju sve grane obitelji koje su živjele do 20. stoljeća u Hrvatskoj. Pored toga autor je dodao i druge loze za koje je mislio da su iz istoga roda, ali to nije bilo moguće dokazati. To su bile sada izumrla loza Tompa de Monyoro i njena grana Tompa de Erdewd, koja po autorovoj tvrdnji više ne živi pod tim imenom. Analizom tvrdnji iz strojopisa moguće je zaključiti da je anonimni autor korektno naveo sve osobe iz plemićkih obitelji Tompa koje se spominju u izvorima ali ih je sve povezao u blisku obiteljsku vezu, bez argumentiranih dokaza ili upućivanja na izvore. Neke njegove tvrdnje su logične i mogu se potvrditi, ali mnoge su malo vjerojatne te ih iz do sada pregledanih primarnih i sekundarnih izvora nije bilo moguće dokazati.This article is an attempt of the critical revision of the recent text written by anonymous historian/archivist from the first half of 20th century. This text was found as an addition to the Fonds of the family Tompa (HR-HDA-775) in the Croatian State Archives (CSA). His text explores a short history of the old Croatian family Tompa of lesser nobility and covers the period from 15th to 20th century. Some members of these kindred are described as one family but in most cases, it is impossible to link them to each other. On the contrary, we cannot treat them as one family but only as different families’ e. g. Tompa of Horzowa, Tompa of Palychna, Tompa of Kutnan (Kutina), Tompych of ZeËevo and of VranograË. We can’t prove their connections with absolute certainty, except for the first two. There is also some evidence that members of one family used both titles from 17th century on, Horzova and Palychna. In the above mentioned text, the family origin is placed in the historical region of Transylvania. Primarily they were the leaders “Cnezes” of Slavic origin from Walachia, who were soldiers in the Byzantine Army, but over time they turned into a closed caste of professional soldiers, a variety of pre-feudal elite. They moved to Transylvania in the late 12thcentury and came to Croatia, more precisely in Regnum Sclauoniae in the next century. The author of the text states that they were primarily Tompa of Palychna and later they split into two families: Palychna and Horzowa. Even more, he claims that the other noble family, Tompa of Monoyro, was from the same origin. However, no traces of that noble family could be found in Croatia, but we can find them as Thompa of Monyoros in Slovakia (medieval Upper Hungary). There is no relevant evidence in the sources to prove those statements, and the origin of the families/kindred is impossible to establish, as well as to connect to the noble families Tompa of Monyoros and Tompa of Palychna. The only certain evidence is that they appeared for the first time in Croatia as Tompa of Horzowa at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries around the castle of Križevci, County of Križevci. Therefore, the author’s statement that John Tompa (de Erdewd), the brother (frater carnalis) of the bishop and Croatian ban Simon Bakocz/Erdödy, was identical to the John Tompa of Horzowa, should be discarded. In this article, most of locally available sources about the noble families Tompa of Horzova and of Palychna were used, with a particular attention paid to their careers in the political hierarchy, the matrimonial ties, partly genealogy, and the acquisition of the estates. The analyses of their four coats of arms and genealogical papers also found in the Fonds of family Tompa in the CSA will be explored in the next contribution for reconstruction of the history of the kindred. In the 15th, 16th and 17th century, members of Croatian noble families Tompa were playing more or less important role in many crucial events in the history of Southeast Europe. One member from the family Tompa of Kutnan was a young “familiar” (familiaris) of Hungarian king Sigmund of Luxembourg, and the heroic fighter against the Ottoman Turks in the battle of Nicopolis in 1396. Two members of the kindred were the participants in the Siege/Battle of Szigeth in 1566. From the end of 14th to 17th century, we meet them as judges (iudex nobilium), highly educated persons (literatus, magister), a courtier (aulicus), vice mayors (vicecomes), tax collectors (dicator), as well as officers. Two members of the kindred were ecclesiastics; one was the bishop of Pecs, the second was the canon/dean (cannonicus) of Zagreb cathedral
Tompa M: Statistics of local multiple alignments
No full textSummary: BLAST statistics have been shown to be extremely useful for searching for significant similarity hits, for amino acid and nucleotide sequences. Although these statistics are well understood for pairwise comparisons, there has been little success developing statistical scores for multiple alignments. In particular, there is no score for multiple alignment that is well founded and treated as a standard. We extend the BLAST theory to multiple alignments. Following some simple assumptions, we present and justify a significance score for multiple segments of a local multiple alignment. We demonstrate its usefulness in distinguishing high and moderate quality multiple alignments from low quality ones, with supporting experiments on orthologous vertebrate promoter sequences. Contact
Local structural disorder imparts plasticity on linear motifs
No full textMotivation: The dynamic nature of protein interaction networks requires fast and transient molecular switches. The underlying recognition motifs (linear motifs, LMs) are usually short and evolutionarily variable segments, which in several cases, such as phosphorylation sites or SH3-binding regions, fall into locally disordered regions. We probed the generality of this phenomenon by predicting the intrinsic disorder of all LM-containing proteins enlisted in the Eukaryotic Linear Motif (ELM) database. Results: We demonstrated that LMs in average are embedded in locally unstructured regions, while their amino acid composition and charge/ hydropathy properties exhibit a mixture characteristic of folded and disordered proteins. Overall, LMs are constructed by grafting a few specificity-determining residues favoring structural order on a highly flexible carrier region. These results establish a connection between LMs and molecular recognition elements of intrinsically unstructured proteins (IUPs), which realize a non-conventional mode of partner binding mostly in regulatory functions. © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
Analysis of computational approaches for motif discovery
No full textAbstract Recently, we performed an assessment of 13 popular computational tools for discovery of transcription factor binding sites (M. Tompa, N. Li, et al., "Assessing Computational Tools for the Discovery of Transcription Factor Binding Sites", Nature Biotechnology, Jan. 2005). This paper contains follow-up analysis of the assessment results, and raises and discusses some important issues concerning the state of the art in motif discovery methods: 1. We categorize the objective functions used by existing tools, and design experiments to evaluate whether any of these objective functions is the right one to optimize. 2. We examine various features of the data sets that were used in the assessment, such as sequence length and motif degeneracy, and identify which features make data sets hard for current motif discovery tools. 3. We identify an important feature that has not yet been used by existing tools and propose a new objective function that incorporates this feature.</p
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'Taint not thy mind'
No full textABSTRACT OF THE THESIS`Taint not thy mind' in HamletbyMichael Socrates MoranMaster of Fine Arts in Theatre and Dance (Directing)University of California, San Diego, 2015Professor Gabor Tompa, ChairThe play Hamlet is a trap of mirrors for both its characters and the artists that produce it. Like Hamlet, working on this play felt like the inevitable 'walking into one's grave' and thereupon begin suffering the abject terror of unknown consequences. It is a trap of mirrors because it reflects back our unpleasant and inescapable darkness. It transfixes the imagination to observe the anguish the noble prince Hamlet endures. He who wishes to illuminate the world must navigate his dark side and the dark side of others.I directed Hamlet because I wanted to understand the transformation of Hamlet in the fifth act. I lived in terror of producing this play. However, I developed at least a modest awareness of the inevitable limitations that adhere to its production. The play is either too introspective or too extroverted. The wrongdoings are either minor or profligate. Also, some of the shortcomings and wrongdoings are not susceptible to change. The awareness of our failings transforms our relationship with the world. Is it possible that the trap of mirrors ceases to affect us so violently once we see the darkness the mirrors reveal about ourselves?At the end of the day, a proverb by the monk, Martin Luther, seems applicable to Hamlet's journey, to the play's history and to all the collaborators who worked so diligently: `Sin bravely'. If the root meaning of the word `sin' is to miss the mark, then perhaps we `sin bravely' because it is only by missing the mark, by walking into the unknown and by facing our terror, that we might be saved
∗ corresponding author
No full textThe DNA motif discovery problem abstracts the task of discovering short, conserved sites in genomic DNA. Pevzner and Sze recently described a precise combinatorial formulation of motif discovery that motivates the following algorithmic challenge: find twenty planted occurrences of a motif of length fifteen in roughly twelve kilobases of genomic sequence, where each occurrence of the motif differs from its consensus in four randomly chosen positions. Such “subtle ” motifs, though statistically highly significant, expose a weakness in existing motif finding algorithms, which typically fail to discover them. Pevzner and Sze introduced new algorithms to solve their (15,4)-motif challenge, but these methods do not scale efficiently to more difficult problems in the same family, such as the (14,4)-, (16,5)-, and (18,6)-motif problems. We introduce a novel motif discovery algorithm, Projection, designed to enhance the perfor-mance of existing motif finders using random projections of the input’s substrings. Experiments on synthetic data demonstrate that Projection remedies the weakness observed in existing algo-rithms, typically solving the difficult (14,4)-, (16,5)-, and (18,6)-motif problems. Our algorithm is robust to nonuniform background sequence distributions and scales to larger amounts of sequence than that specified in the original challenge. A probabilistic estimate suggests that related motif-finding problems that Projection fails to solve are in all likelihood inherently intractable. We also test the performance of our algorithm on realistic biological examples, including transcription factor binding sites in eukaryotes and ribosome binding sites in prokaryotes. 1
Exon-phase symmetry and intrinsic structural disorder promote modular evolution in the human genome
No full textA key signature of module exchange in the genome is phase symmetry of exons, suggestive of exon shuffling events that occurred without disrupting translation reading frame. At the protein level, intrinsic structural disorder may be another key element because disordered regions often serve as functional elements that can be effectively integrated into a protein structure. Therefore, we asked whether exon-phase symmetry in the human genome and structural disorder in the human proteome are connected, signalling such evolutionary mechanisms in the assembly of multi-exon genes. We found an elevated level of structural disorder of regions encoded by symmetric exons and a preferred symmetry of exons encoding for mostly disordered regions (>70% predicted disorder). Alternatively spliced symmetric exons tend to correspond to the most disordered regions. The genes of mostly disordered proteins (>70% predicted disorder) tend to be assembled from symmetric exons, which often arise by internal tandem duplications. Preponderance of certain types of short motifs (e.g. SH3-binding motif) and domains (e.g. high-mobility group domains) suggests that certain disordered modules have been particularly effective in exon-shuffling events. Our observations suggest that structural disorder has facilitated modular assembly of complex genes in evolution of the human genome. © 2013 The Author(s)
The Revitalization Movement of the Traditional Tompa Script of the Naxi in Lijiang, Yunnan Province in China
No full text中国雲南省の納西族は古くから漢文化を受容してきたことで知られている。
文化的および経済的に漢民族から大きな影響を受け，中央からみて周辺民族よ
り進んだいわゆる現代文明を享受してきた少数民族とされている。東巴教は，
この納西族に古くから伝わる民族宗教であり，その宗教祭司が用いてきたのが
東巴文字である。しかし納西族にとって東巴教および東巴文字に対する思い
は，時代とともに変わってきた。とくに1990 年代以降における観光業の発展
は，納西族と東巴文字の間にもっとも大きな変革をもたらすこととなった。本
稿は，麗江納西族と東巴文字の関係について，とくに東巴文字の伝承活動に注
目しながら，その変遷を叙述するとともに，変化の要因となる社会的背景を明
らかにしようとするものである。
この民族文化としての東巴文化の伝承活動は，中国のほかの少数民族と同様
に，中国の少数民族政策と大きく関わっていることは言うまでもない。しかし，
東巴文字およびそれを用いる納西族がおかれている言語的状況は，他の多くの
少数民族と比較しても特異なものである。例えば，東巴文字の伝承活動を考察
する上で，その宗教的性格や改革開放以後におけるこの地域の観光業の発展な
どとの深い関係は，中国の少数民族一般に対する言語政策とは同列にして論じ
る事はできないと考えられる。
そこで本論文では，文化大革命以前における東巴文字の歴史的盛衰，改革開
放以降における東巴文字の研究および保護の進展，1990 年代以降における東巴
文化に対する政策転換，などを時代背景に即して概観し，現在の東巴文字の伝
承活動の状況や課題についても論じたい。本来，宗教祭司だけのものであった
東巴文字は，現在，観光業を通して麗江納西族の日常生活と深く結びつき，多
様な社会的需要に応じて麗江各地で伝承活動が行われている。このような伝承
活動は，伝統的な目的や方法とは大きく異なるものであり，今では学校教育に
まで導入されつつある。いまだ十分に定着してはいないものの，伝承活動が推
進されるなかで，東巴文字が納西族の新たなアイデンティティー形成に影響を
与えつつあるといえよう。It is well known that the Naxi people in Yunnan, China, have been
strongly influenced since ancient times by Chinese culture. The Han Chinese
have had huge cultural and economic influences on the Naxi, as they have
on other ethnic minorities in the south of China, and recently their massive
impact is overwhelming the Naxi in terms of modernization. Yet the Naxi
have retained some cultural traits to this date, and some are even recovering
their foothold through cultural re-interpretation.
The Tompas, the priests of the “Tompa religion,” regarded as the “ethnic”
religion of the Naxi, traditionally used the Tompa script exclusively for their
religious purposes. But the use of the Tompa script almost ceased with the
decline of the “Tompa religion,” particularly during the course of the political
reform movements from 1949 through the Cultural Revolution, and later during
the modernization of China. But the recent rise of the tourism industry in
Yunnan in the 1990s and after has brought an epoch-making turn to the fate
of the Tompa script: first, by proving its commercial value in tourism ornaments,
and later by reinforcing consciousness among the Naxi of the Tompa
script as their ethnic symbol.
This paper, after surveying the decline of the Tompas’ activities and
social roles towards the end of the 1970s, describes the rehabilitation of
Tompa studies in the 80s, which were mainly concentrated on the preservation
of old Tompa documents. Then the author describes in detail, mainly on
the basis of interviews with persons concerned, the appearance of the Tompa
script in the tourism market, and the development of the revitalization movements
of Tompa culture, Tompas, and the script. In the discussion of these
developments against their social background, the favorable attitudes of both
the local governments and the political authorities towards the movements are
stressed. The use of the Tompa script, however, as a working orthography for
the Naxi language, which itself is shrinking in everyday usage, is exposed to
some serious theoretical questions such as in relation to the existing Latinized
(Pingying) orthography of the Naxi language developed in the 1950s. The
author further speculates on possible future conflicts between the extended
Naxi Tompa script movements and China’s minority nationality policy, which
is, particularly nowadays, reluctant to encourage nationalistic or ethnic awareness
among the minorities.departmental bulletin pape
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