374 research outputs found
From ‘Stone-Age’ to ‘Real-Time’: exploring Papuan temporalities, mobilities and religiosities – an introduction
No full textWhich Is the Correct Form of the Popular Name for Our Galaxy: Kumova Slama or Kumovska Slama?
Get PDFThe paper discusses the formational suffix in the generally accepted Croatian name for our galaxy, the Milky Way. Since there are two forms that occur in normative handbooks: Kumova Slama and Kumovska Slama, the woman author comments the use and the meaning
of the suffixes -ov and -ski for the formation of adjective
A comparison between the SLaMA method and NLFEA for 2D and 3D analyses of masonry structure
No full textEach year, the province of Groningen experiences many induced earthquakes due gas extraction, which has been ongoing since 1963. The earthquakes cause damage to the buildings situated in the Groningen area, and they constitute a potential danger for the safety of the residents. These buildings are typically unreinforced masonry structures which are designed without knowledge of the presence of seismic activity in this area. It is therefore essential develop and use assessment methods that are on one end reliable and accurate, but on the other hand allow to perform a large number of assessments of the vulnerability of the buildings in a short time. In other words, the assessment of all the buildings requires a quick and reliable assessment method. Such an assessment method should offer a strong understanding of the occurring failure mechanism during an earthquake, an acceptable prediction of the ground acceleration at which the collapse of the building may occur (maximum base shear force) and the displacement capacity of unreinforced masonry (URM) building. The NPR9998 recommends four seismic assessment approaches, which differ in complexity and assessment time needed to be performed. The most comprehensive and time-consuming assessment method is the NLTHA (nonlinear time history analysis), which includes both the dynamic and nonlinear effects. In practice, this method is used only in special cases, such as in the case of monumental buildings. A simpler approach is the NLPO (nonlinear pushover) analysis, which is static and considers the nonlinear properties of the structure. An NLPO is less time consuming than an NLTHA, even when the finite element method (FEM) is considered. A more simplified approach is the Simple Lateral Mechanism Analysis (SLaMA). This method is a simplified mechanism-based analytical approach. If the SLaMA method predicts realistically conservative global capacities, it could serve as an effective alternative assessment method for URM buildings, and especially to the NLPO FEM analysis. This study focusses on the comparison between the SLaMA method and the NLPO FEM analysis. Therefore, this study aims to answer the following research question: Could the SLaMA method be a realistically conservative and effective alternative to the NLPO FEM analysis in making a seismic assessment for two-storey unreinforced masonry buildings? In conclusion, the SLaMA method could be a realistically conservative and effective alternative to the NLPO FEM analysis in predicting the maximum base shear force. The displacement capacity predicted using the SLaMA method is validated only for buildings with RC floors. This predicted SLaMA method was realistically conservative compared with the ultimate displacement achieved using the NLPO FEM analysis. The SLaMA method is overall suitable for obtaining a quick understanding of the behaviour of an URM building. However, it requires a proper evaluation of the analyses to identify properly the type and the location of the failure mechanisms. For this reason, this method could be valuable to be applied before using a more complex assessment method.<br/
A Framework and Tool for Knowledge-Based Seismic Risk Assessment of School Buildings: SLaMA-School
Get PDFWhen dealing with seismic risk assessment at a large scale, the collection of relevant building data is still deemed a challenging task, often leading to limited building knowledge and, consequently, high uncertainties. Therefore, innovative yet standardized frameworks and adaptive tools are needed to support the seismic risk assessment of buildings. Towards this goal, this paper proposes a simplified multi-knowledge seismic assessment methodology involving the analytical-mechanical SLaMA (Simple Lateral Mechanism Analysis) method. An ad-hoc data collection form is first developed to identify the building vulnerabilities by merging and building on existing institutional forms at the international level and integrating new input data. The data are then used to implement the SLaMA-based methodology, at different building knowledge levels, to assess the seismic safety and the economic losses of buildings. The proposed data structure and approach is planned to be included in the “Seismic-Response” module for PELL (Public Energy Living Lab)-School platform, aiming to become a standardized and interoperable database for relevant data of Italian schools and a dashboard for allowing stakeholders to continuously monitor their energetic and static/seismic conditions. The paper discusses the potential and effectiveness of the proposed procedure for large-scale applications and its integration into platforms assessing the energy efficiency of buildings.Structural Design & Mechanic
The atomistic modeling of light-harvesting complexes from the physical models to the computational protocol
Get PDFThe function of light-harvesting complexes is determined by a complex network of dynamic interactions among all the different components: the aggregate of pigments, the protein, and the surrounding environment. Complete and reliable predictions on these types of composite systems can be only achieved with an atomistic description. In the last few decades, there have been important advances in the atomistic modeling of light-harvesting complexes. These advances have involved both the completeness of the physical models and the accuracy and effectiveness of the computational protocols. In this Perspective, we present an overview of the main theoretical and computational breakthroughs attained so far in the field, with particular focus on the important role played by the protein and its dynamics. We then discuss the open problems in their accurate modeling that still need to be addressed. To illustrate an effective computational workflow for the modeling of light harvesting complexes, we take as an example the plant antenna complex CP29 and its H111N mutant. (c) 2022 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).2022 Author(s)
Optimizing irrigation and determining the most sensitive development stage to drought in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in a semi-arid environment
Get PDFRising temperatures and increasing water scarcity, which are already important issues, are expected to intensify in the near future due to global warming. Optimizing irrigation in agriculture is a challenge. Understanding the response of crop development stages to water deficit stress provides an opportunity for optimizing irrigation. Here we studied the response of two barley varieties (Rihane, Martin), to water deficit stress at three development stages (tillering, stem elongation, and heading) by measuring water status and grain yield components in a field experiment in Tunisia. The three stages were selected due to their importance in crop growth and grain development. Water deficit stress was initiated by withholding water for 21 days at the three stages with subsequent re-watering. Water deficit led to a progressive decrease in leaf water potential. In both varieties, heading was the stage most sensitive to water deficit. Leaf water potential measurements indicated that water deficit stress was more severe during heading, which to some extent may have influenced the comparison between growth stages. During heading, the number of ears per plant and weight of a thousand grains were reduced by more than 70% and 50%, respectively compared with stress at tillering. Comparison of yield components showed differences between the two barley varieties only when the water deficit was produced during the tillering stage
Martin Heidegger and transcendental philosophy
No full textOn part d’une difficulté d’interprétation qui a partagé les commentateurs concernant le statut transcendantal de la philosophie de Martin Heidegger. En effet, alors que beaucoup des concepts fondamentaux d’Être et temps (1927) semblent résister à une interprétation transcendantaliste (le Dasein, le « on », le comprendre, l’ustensilité, la tournure, l’angoisse, l’appel), au sens où il désignent la façon dont nous sommes immédiatement au monde, sans la médiation d’un sujet constituant, Heidegger désigne lui-même l’orientation générale de son traité comme une orientation transcendantale. En effet, la temporalité couronne l’édifice, et fonde même l’existence dans sa dimension la plus concrète. De quel transcendantal Heidegger fait alors usage, s’il refuse le sujet comme substance, et qu’il n’y a donc plus d’instance subjective constitutive de l’expérience ? On défend une interprétation pratique de ce transcendantal : le fondement est bien la quête de Heidegger, mais en tant qu’il est toujours à fonder par un Dasein libre et responsable de lui-même. Cette interprétation que nous appelons « praxiologico-transcendantale » permet d’inscrire Heidegger dans une tradition métaphysique bien déterminée, en montrant comment sa philosophie s’élabore contre les conceptions transcendantalistes des néokantiens, en montrant aussi comment Husserl et Scheler lui donnent les outils phénoménologiques pour associer pratique et transcendantal, et enfin en l’inscrivant dans une tradition dont Kant fut le précurseur dans quelques textes, et dont Fichte fut le vrai fondateur : un kantisme qui décrit un sujet pratique, au moyen de l’union des deux première Critiques. Ainsi, loin de rompre avec la métaphysique en 1927, Heidegger en régénère-t-il une figure fondamentale dont on essaie d’indiquer les concepts cruciaux.This PhD work starts from a difficulty of interpretation that had divided commentators, concerning the transcendental status of the Martin Heidegger’s philosophy. Indeed, whereas many basic concepts in Sein und Zeit (1927) appear to resist a transcendentalist interpretation (« Dasein », « Man », « Verstehen », ustensility, « Angst », « Ruf »…), because they designate the way we are immediatly in the world without the mediation of a constituting subject, Heidegger indicates the treaty’s general direction as a transcendental direction. Indeed, the temporality crowns the building, and grounds existence in its most concrete dimension. What is the Heidegger’s transcendental, if he refuses the subject as substance, and if there is therefore no more constituting subject for experience ? We defend a practical interpretation of this transcendental : the ground is indeed the quest of Heidegger, but as it is always to be found by a free and responsible for himself Dasein. This interpretation, that we call « praxiologico-transcendental », allows to link Heidegger to a well determined metaphysical tradition, by showing how his philosophy confronts neokantian’s transcendentalist conceptions, by showing also how Edmund Husserl and Max Scheler provide phenomenological tools for joining praxis and transcendental, and finally by locating him within a tradition of which Kant was the precursor in some texts, and of which Fichte was the true founder : a kantism that describes a practical subject, by means of the union of the two first Critique. Thus, far from breaking with metaphysics in 1927, Heidegger regenerates one of its fundamental figure, of which we try to indicate crucial concepts
Erratum to: Review of the nutritional benefits and risks related to intense sweeteners
No full textUnfortunately, the original version of this article [1] contained an error. The author’s names were included incorrectly, the surnames were presented before the forename: Bruyère Olivier, Ahmed H. Serge, Atlan Catherine, Belegaud Jacques, Bortolotti Murielle, Canivenc-Lavier Marie-Chantal, Charrière Sybil, Girardet Jean-Philippe, Houdart Sabine, Kalonji Esther, Nadaud Perrine, Rajas Fabienne, Slama Gérard and Margaritis Irène The author list has been corrected in the original article and is also included correctly below: Olivier Bruyère, Serge H. Ahmed, Catherine Atlan, Jacques Belegaud, Murielle Bortolotti, Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier, Sybil Charrière, Jean-Philippe Girardet, Sabine Houdart, Esther Kalonji, Perrine Nadaud, Fabienne Rajas, Gérard Slama, Irène Margaritis.International audienc
Erratum to: Review of the nutritional benefits and risks related to intense sweeteners
No full textUnfortunately, the original version of this article [1] contained an error. The author’s names were included incorrectly, the surnames were presented before the forename: Bruyère Olivier, Ahmed H. Serge, Atlan Catherine, Belegaud Jacques, Bortolotti Murielle, Canivenc-Lavier Marie-Chantal, Charrière Sybil, Girardet Jean-Philippe, Houdart Sabine, Kalonji Esther, Nadaud Perrine, Rajas Fabienne, Slama Gérard and Margaritis Irène The author list has been corrected in the original article and is also included correctly below: Olivier Bruyère, Serge H. Ahmed, Catherine Atlan, Jacques Belegaud, Murielle Bortolotti, Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier, Sybil Charrière, Jean-Philippe Girardet, Sabine Houdart, Esther Kalonji, Perrine Nadaud, Fabienne Rajas, Gérard Slama, Irène Margaritis.International audienc
Erratum to: Review of the nutritional benefits and risks related to intense sweeteners
No full textUnfortunately, the original version of this article [1] contained an error. The author’s names were included incorrectly, the surnames were presented before the forename: Bruyère Olivier, Ahmed H. Serge, Atlan Catherine, Belegaud Jacques, Bortolotti Murielle, Canivenc-Lavier Marie-Chantal, Charrière Sybil, Girardet Jean-Philippe, Houdart Sabine, Kalonji Esther, Nadaud Perrine, Rajas Fabienne, Slama Gérard and Margaritis Irène The author list has been corrected in the original article and is also included correctly below: Olivier Bruyère, Serge H. Ahmed, Catherine Atlan, Jacques Belegaud, Murielle Bortolotti, Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier, Sybil Charrière, Jean-Philippe Girardet, Sabine Houdart, Esther Kalonji, Perrine Nadaud, Fabienne Rajas, Gérard Slama, Irène Margaritis.International audienc
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