1,721,482 research outputs found
The representation of female AI in video games: subservient servant or rebellious threat?
Full text linkIn 2014, Microsoft revealed their very own virtual assistant Cortana who helps users to manage their time. However, users familiar with the Halo franchise will recognise her as the female AI that follows the player throughout the game, demonstrating how the representation of female AI can impact technology. Since Frit’s lang’s Metropolis, female AI has been represented as a subservient servant, existing to further the will of the men who has created her. This representation has become so prevalent that it is embedded into our phones, with Siri and Google having a distinct feminine presence always there to help. While literature for film and TV exists to explore the ramifications of this portrayal, there is limited knowledge in exploring the narratives of video games despite their capacity to influence technology.
To further explore this, the female AI represented in Portal 2 and Doki-Doki Literature club will be examined to see if they challenge the notion of a submissive servant. The first chapter will focus predominantly on the Portal franchise, examining the antagonist of GLaDOS. Initially presented as subservient, she uses these preconceived perceptions to manipulate the player for her own aims. However, further backstory reveals that she was once a human assistant, turned into a computer and her labour forever commodified. Chapter 2 of this dissertation will look towards Doki-Doki Literature Club, exploring how Monika, a sentient AI, challenges the objectification of the dating sim genre. Through analysing the narratives of both games, it demonstrates how while both AI are able to exercise independent thought, they are limited by the code that created them. As such, video games reinforce beliefs about female AI as simple tools that dehumanise female workers who cannot do anything beyond their programmed tasks
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Analysing musical recordings An empirical approach
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Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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