1,720,984 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Institutions, governance, and upgrading in non-industrial private forestry value chain in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania
No full textDissertationAmong the factors for the rise of Non-industrial private forestry (NIPF) include, the
demand for timber and limited capacity of governments and corporations to supply to
cover for the deficit. In developing countries, NIPF is dominated by smallholder farmers
and presents a huge potential for alleviating poverty in rural areas where the majority of
farmers live. Nevertheless, institutional framework and governance of the NIPF value
chain have a huge influence on the benefits accrued from NIF and their distribution.
However, in Tanzania, most studies on the role of institutional framework and
governance have been on natural forests and industrial plantations, which for a long time
have been the main source of timber in the country. Using the theory of access and the
global value chain, particularly the institutional framework and governance structure
dimensions, the study analyzed the role of institutions and governance in non-industrial
private forestry value chain in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania. Specifically, the study
intended to 1) analyze the role of state regulations in governing timber value chain 2)
examine the role of informal institutions in timber value chain and 3) analyze the types of
upgrading in the NIPF value chain and the institutions driving them.
In large measure, the study adopted an exploratory cross-sectional study design whereby
qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions,
observations and document reviews. In addition, quantitative data were collected for the
study from six district councils in Njombe and Iringa regions. Qualitative data were
analyzed following six steps of thematic analysis including transcribing interviews into
text, going through the text, coding the text, grouping the codes to form themes,
reviewing the themes, describing the themes and assessing their relationships. SPSS
software was used for analyzing quantitative data.
The study findings show that the government is the sole regulator of the NIPF value
chain, and all actors in the chain operate under the same regulatory framework. This was
not unique as similar cases are found in many developing countries. However, in
Tanzania, regulations are implemented differently at the district council level whereby
some district councils, unlike others, charge higher the cess per a piece of timber. Lack of
distinction between industrial and non-industrial private forestry has resulted in placing
industrial and non-industrial forestry under the same regulatory framework despite their
many differences including economic status of the owners, the size of plantations, and
management plans. Lack of distinction has also partly resulted in high transaction costs,
which are unaffordable to the majority of actors in the NIPF value chain. Although the
regulations affect incomes of all actors, tree growers are the most-affected category.
Besides, the study found that trust between value chain actors played a role of integrating
actors in the value chain. However, in some instances, it also excluded some actors from
accessing timber market under the guise of lacking or having low level of trust.
Furthermore, the study found that institutional framework comprising the government,
development partners through donor-funded programmes, and grower organizations are
behind attempts to upgrade the NIPF. Although four types of upgrading are promoted,
only functional upgrading was found to have resulted into higher income among tree
growers.
In view of the study findings, it is concluded that although forest regulations were set to
facilitate the operations of NIPF and to improve its contribution to rural livelihoods.
Some of the regulations have resulted into unintended negative effects by limiting the
actors of the value chain from gaining more income. Similarly, informal institutions,
particularly trust, play an important role of integrating actors in the value chain by
enabling them access regional market. Besides, the study concludes that in the absence of
a lead firm, upgrading driven by institutions comprising the government, development
partners through donor funded programmes, and grower organization is still occurring.
The study recommends that in order for NIPFs to contribute significantly to the income of
actors, the government, through the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism (MNRT),
should review the regulations governing the timber value chain. Specifically, barriers that
limit tree growers and other actors from gaining access to the markets should be
minimized or completely removed. In addition, in order for upgrading strategies to
contribute to the improvement of rural livelihoods in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania,
institutions promoting upgrading in NIPF value chain should pay attention to the needs of
the tree growers.Timber Rus
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