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Mapeamento dos padrões de forma do Escudo Sul-Riograndense (RS) com auxílio de geotecnologias: um estudo das inter-relações dos processos morfoestruturais e morfoesculturais na conformação do relevo
Get PDFA ampliação e diversificação das atividades antrópicas e os avanços tecnológicos têm levado a variações bruscas de ciclos biogeoquímicos, de processos hidrológicos e da dinâmica da paisagem. Neste contexto, estudos geomorfológicos, com destaque para cartografia geomorfológica, são importantes instrumentos de pesquisa que tratam da dinâmica da paisagem, subsidiando o planejamento territorial. A morfoestrutura Escudo Sul-Rio-Grandense (ESRG) é composta por rochas metamórficas, ígneas e sedimentares do Paleoproterozoico e Neoproterozoico, abrangendo área de 45.773,60 km² no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, com processo de ocupação variado, em aproximadamente 50 municípios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar o mapeamento geomorfológico (escala 1:250.000) com auxílio das geotecnologias, alcançando o 3º nível da proposta taxonômica de Ross (1992), correspondendo aos padrões de forma do relevo. Foram utilizadas imagens SRTM e produtos intermediários para interpretação do relevo. A composição de imagem (MDE, declividade e área de contribuição) evidenciou rupturas de declive, divisores de água, fundos de vales e patamares planos; e o índice de dissecação automatizado agilizou a obtenção dos dados e permitiu a identificação dos formatos de vale. A geologia da área foi caracterizada quanto às características mineralógicas e estruturais e contextualizada em relação às morfoestruturas adjacentes. Investigou-se as inter-relações entre os processos morfoclimáticos e as litologias na conformação dos diferentes padrões de forma do relevo, e analisou-se os processos morfogenéticos responsáveis pela esculturação destes. Foram encontradas oito morfoesculturas: Planaltos Residuais Oeste, Sudeste e Nordeste, Planaltos Rebaixados Marginais Oeste, Leste e Norte, Depressão suspensa em Anfiteatro e Patamares planos e dissecados da BHC, totalizando 48 padrões de forma, categorizados em morros, morrotes, colinas, platôs e planícies fluviais. Os padrões apresentaram variações quanto ao tipo de topo, índice de dissecação, amplitude altimétrica e espacialização. Constatou-se predomínio de área dos padrões de morros e colinas e dos índices de dissecação de médio a muito baixo (cerca de 85% da área). A área tem amplitude altimétrica de 597m (601m a 4m) e possui declividades de 6 a 12% em mais de 40% dos seus planaltos residuais e de 3% a 12% em cerca de 60% das demais morfoesculturas. As formas de relevo decorrem predominantemente dos processos morfogenéticos de clima úmido. Evidenciou-se que a posição das unidades de relevo no ESRG afeta diretamente o padrão de forma, visto a localização de morros nas faixas centrais das morfoesculturas residuais e o predomínio de colinas nas unidades marginais. As “imposições” de natureza estrutural nos padrões de forma são evidentes, seja no predomínio de colinas associadas à rochas não metamorfizadas (granitos), ou no predomínio de morros em rochas metamorfizadas, ou de áreas com recuo lateral de vertentes mais proeminentes e padrões de drenagem condicionados aos 4 falhamentos. A análise da morfogênese evidenciou a suscetibilidade à mudanças climáticas globais, que no decorrer do tempo alteraram o ritmo e o tipo de dissecação das formas, modelando o terreno de maneira diferenciada, mesmo em áreas de homogeneidade litológica e estrutural. O mapeamento avançou sobre os conhecimentos relativos à geomorfologia do ESRG, criando base para mapeamentos geomorfológicos mais específicos, que avancem na taxonomia do relevo e para ordenamento territorial da área do ESRG.The expansion and diversification of anthropic activities and technological advances have led to abrupt variations in biogeochemical cycles, hydrological processes and landscape dynamics. In this context, geomorphological studies, with emphasis on geomorphological cartography, are important research instruments that deal with landscape dynamics, assisting territorial planning. The morphostructure Escudo SulRio-Grandense (ESRG) is composed of metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary rocks of the Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic, covering an area of 45,773.60 km² in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, with a varied occupation process in approximately 50 municipalities. The objective of this work was to elaborate the geomorphological mapping (scale 1: 250,000) with the aid of geotechnologies, reaching the 3rd level of the taxonomic proposal of Ross (1992), corresponding to the shape patterns of the relief. SRTM images and intermediate products were used to interpret the relief. The image composition (MDE, slope and contribution area) showed slope ruptures, water dividers, valley floors and flat levels; and the automated dissection index speeded the data acquisition and allowed the identification of the valleys forms. The geology of the area was characterized as regards the mineralogical and structural characteristics and contextualized in relation to the adjacent morphostructures. We investigated the interrelationships between the morphoclimatic processes and the lithologies in the formation of the different shape patterns of the relief, and analyzed the morphogenetic processes responsible for their modelling. Eight morphosculptures were found: West, Southeast and Northeast Residual Plateau, West, East and North Marginal Lowered Plateaus, Depression Suspended in Amphitheater and flat and dissected Levels of the BHC, totaling 48 shape patterns, categorized in high hills, “morrotes”, hills, “platôs” and fluvial plains. The patterns presented variations in top type, dissection index, altimetric amplitude and spatialization. It was observed a predominance of the area of the high hills and hills patterns and the dissection rates from medium to very low (about 85% of the area). The area has an altimetric range of 597m (601m to 4m) and has slopes of 6 to 12% in more than 40% of its residual plateaus and 3% to 12% in about 60% of other morphosculptures. The relief forms originate predominantly from the morphogenetic processes of humid climate. It has been shown that the position of the relief units in the ESRG directly affects the shape pattern, considering the location of high hills in the central ranges of the residual morphoscultures and the predominance of hills in the marginal units. The structural "impositions" in shape patterns are evident, either in the predominance of hills associated with non-metamorphosed rocks (granites), or in the predominance of high hills in metamorphosed rocks, or in areas with lateral retreat of more prominent slopes and patterns of drainage linked geological faults. The analysis of morphogenesis evidenced the susceptibility to global climatic changes, which in the course of time altered the rhythm and type of dissection of the 6 forms, modeling the terrain differently, even in areas of lithologic and structural homogeneity. The mapping advanced the knowledge about the geomorphology of the ESRG, creating the basis for more specificgeomorphological mappings, that advance in the taxonomy of the relief and for territorial planning of the ESRG area
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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