1,721,042 research outputs found
Improving profitability of optimal mean setting with multiple feature means for dual quality characteristics
Full text linkThe setting of a process mean for a manufacturing process which frequently produces scrap and rework can significantly affect profitability. Optimal mean setting is a methodology by which the process mean is adjusted to maximize profit. This paper studies the dynamics of the problem and investigates the possibility of applying different process means to each rework iteration, to further maximize profit. A proof is given confirming there is only one optimal mean that applies over all rework iterations in the single feature case. However, applying similar reasoning to a dual feature case led to the development of a new optimal mean setting methodology which outperformed the existing approach in terms of the maximum expected profi
The DATUM project: a cost estimating environment for the support of aerospace design decision making
No full textThe results of a Rolls-Royce sponsored programme of design to cost research are outlined. The role of cost modelling within the design process for the development of a civil gas turbine engine is outlined. The novel application of a generic financial modelling tool to an engineering cost estimating problem is demonstrated. This use of this tool to capture and disseminate costing knowledge is described and the use of modular library elements to develop cost models is shown. A prototype systems for the creation of an elegant cost model structure to enable direct integration with a CAD representation of a part and the integration of the costing capability within an automated design search and optimization environment is describe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Cost modelling for aircraft design optimization
Full text linkThis paper summarizes work that has been carried out to date on the Implied Cost Evaluation System (ICES) research project. This is an EPSRC-funded project that is sponsored by BAe (Airbus) and Rolls Royce (Defence Europe). The paper identifies the need for detailed and reliable cost information in order to optimize a product design. This is illustrated with reference to recent cost modelling work carried out in support of preliminary designs for the proposed Airbus A380 600 seat aircraft. The merits of the various alternative approaches are identified and the genealogy of current systems and techniques is briefly outlined. It is argued that current tools lack a number of key features and capabilities. In particular, it is suggested that current cost modelling tools are not able to deal with the multiplicity of levels of abstraction associated with an emerging design. Furthermore, there is no generally accepted method for expressing the uncertainty associated with a cost estimate in a rigorous and systematic way. This paper outlines some of the initial development work on the ICES project. This concerns the development of an object-oriented product data structure that supports multiple levels of abstraction, statistical modelling and decision support construct
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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