377 research outputs found
The Comparative Analysis of the Legal Bases Regulating the Principles of the Organization of Local Government in the Russian Federation, Provided By the Federal Law of 28.08.1995 N 154-FZ and the Federal Law of 06.10.2003 N 131-FZ
No full textThe article is devoted to research of the legal bases regulating the principles of the organization of local government in the Russian Federation, provided by the Federal law of 28.08.1995 N 154-FZ and the Federal law of 06.10.2003 N 131-FZ. The author analyzes the key differences in the organization of local government in the considered federal laws. The emphasis is placed on the following areas: the content of the conceptual apparatus of the organization of local government, a list of issues of local importance, regulation of vesting of local government with separate state powers, the structure of local government bodies, the competence of the representative body of local government, as well as forms of implementation of local government by the population. The Federal law of 06.10.2003 № 131-FZ introduced changes in almost all aspects of the functioning of local government
Financing transactions in Russia
No full textPhDThe thesis analyzes Russian laws of security and insolvency and reviews common legal issues
arising in cross-border financing transactions. To aid better understanding of up-to-date
Russian law, the analysis includes historical information.
The thesis concludes that Russian law traditionally did not adopt a regime favorable to
lenders and that the law of security was inefficient. In addition, commercial practice suffered
from the inflexible approach of courts to innovations. Statutory law was not appropriate for
commercial, as opposed to retail, transactions. This situation may be partially attributed to
the recent transition from planned to market economy and, hence, relatively short history of
modern Russian law.
The thesis highlights recent Russian legal reforms and their impact on lending practices. At
the thesis shows, the respective changes provided more comfort and protection to the
lenders and increased certainty in business transactions. In this way laws of security and
insolvency were elevated to new levels and this demonstrated the changing approach of
legislators and courts.
This originality of this work is in that it combines the study of the original Russian sources of
law with the perspective of financial transactions in the international markets. It also
includes a comparative element: where appropriate rules of Russian law are contrasted with
their counterparts in English law. Furthermore, Russian security and insolvency laws are
often reviewed through the prism of their practical application and effect on lending
practices. Thus, the link between law and economy is also exposed
PERENCANAAN DAN PENERAPAN PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE MESIN CNC MILLING FZ 2000
No full textAn industrial internship is a practical activity for students with the aim of gaining experience from this activity, which can later be used for professional development and human resource development. One of the industrial internships was carried out at a bus body company from Ungaran, namely CV. Like Bodywork. During the industrial internship the author focused on research regarding the planning and implementation of Preventive Maintenance of ABS vacuum pumps on CNC Milling machines FZ 2000. Problems that occurred during the production process using CNC Milling machines with ABS Vacuum pumps were the problem of broken blades, the radiator not running properly. Well, there\u27s an electrical short circuit, the air hoses are leaking, the vacuum pump is leaking or overheating. Planning a maintenance system needs to be done to reduce the number of machine downtime. CV. Laksana Karoseri uses two types of maintenance systems, General Maintenance and Emergency Maintenance. Meanwhile, preventive maintenance activities carried out on the CNC MILLING FZ 2000 machine include daily maintenance, maintenance every 2 months, maintenance every 6 months and annual maintenance. Meanwhile, preventive maintenance on ABS vacuum engine pumps on CNC Milling Machines is known to be carried out every 6 months including checking and replacing the vacuum engine oil using 2 liters of Corena S4 P shell oil for every use reaching 5000 km/hour, cleaning the air filter, maintaining and cleaning the water filter and checking the spindle lubricating fluid
Furazolidone induces the activity of microsomal enzymes that metabolize furazolidone in chickens
No full textThe nitrofuran antibacterial agent furazolidone (FZ) is still used in veterinary medicine in some countries in the Middle and Far East. The present study aimed to show the effect of FZ on the activity of microsomal enzymes that metabolize FZ, and to identify the enzyme that contributes to FZ metabolism in chickens. Wistar rats and White Leghorn chickens were administered FZ once a day for 4 consecutive days. FZ metabolism was accelerated by FZ administration in chickens, but not in rats. The elevation of FZ metabolism coincided with the induction of NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) activity in chickens, but such induction was not observed in rats. FZ metabolizing activities were inhibited in the presence of a CPR inhibitor (diphenylene iodonium chloride) but not by the addition of archetypal cytochrome P450 inhibitors (CO or n-octylamine). The preset study concluded that FZ accelerated its own metabolism in the chicken by induction of the activity of CPR
Frizzled-Induced Van Gogh Phosphorylation by CK1ε Promotes Asymmetric Localization of Core PCP Factors in Drosophila
No full textSummaryEpithelial tissues are polarized along two axes. In addition to apical-basal polarity, they are often polarized within the plane of the epithelium, so-called Planar Cell Polarity (PCP). PCP depends upon Wnt/Frizzled (Fz) signaling factors, including Fz itself and Van Gogh (Vang/Vangl). We sought to understand how Vang interaction with other core PCP factors affects Vang function. We find that Fz induces Vang phosphorylation in a cell-autonomous manner. Vang phosphorylation occurs on conserved N-terminal serine/threonine residues, is mediated by CK1ε/Dco, and is critical for polarized membrane localization of Vang and other PCP proteins. This regulatory mechanism does not require Fz signaling through Dishevelled and thus represents a cell-autonomous upstream interaction between Fz and Vang. Furthermore, this signaling event appears to be related to Wnt5a-mediated Vangl2 phosphorylation during mouse limb patterning and may thus be a general mechanism underlying Wnt-regulated PCP establishment
Numerical investigation of FZ-growth of GaAs with encapsulant
No full textNumerical simulation of flow and heat transfer for a 3 in. (0.075 m) diameter liquid encapsulant full float zone (LEFZ) growth of single-crystal GaAs was conducted using the finite-element method. Convective and conductive heat transfers, radiative heat transfer between diffuse surfaces and the Navier–Stokes equations for both melt and encapsulant as well as the interface position are all combined and solved simultaneously. The effect of the thickness of encapsulant, rotation rate of crystal and feed rod on the flow and heat transfer as well as on the growing and melting interface shape were investigated
Kinetic parameters during land and water walking performed by individuals with Down Syndrome
No full textBackground: Down Syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition presenting delay in acquisition of main motor milestones, such as walking. Although studies have been investigating the biomechanical parameters during land walking performed by individual with DS, the literature is scarce regarding kinetic parameters analysis in this population, specially during water walking. Research question: This study sought to assess the vertical ground reaction force (Fz) of walking performed in water and on land at different speeds by individuals with DS. Methods: Fourteen adults with DS (age: 27.9 ± 7.9 years; body mass: 58.4 ± 12.9 kg; height: 1.4 ± 0.1 m, body mass index: 29.2 ± 5.4 kg.m-2) completed two sessions of data collection, one on land and another in aquatic environment. The protocol consisted of walking performed at three self-selected speeds (slow, comfortable and fast) in randomized order. The Fz was assessed with a waterproof force plate in each condition. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (environment and speed), with Bonferroni's post hoc tests, were used for analysis. A significance level was set as α = 0.05. Results: Significant differences were observed between environments (p < 0.001), with reduced first peak of Fz (68-73%), second peak of Fz (66-70%), loading rate (75-78%) and impulse (40-41%) in the water walking for all speeds analyzed. In the aquatic environment, no significant difference was observed for the first and second Fz peaks with the increasing speed of walking. Moreover, the loading rate significantly increased (p = 0.019) as the impulse significantly reduced (p < 0.001) in the higher speeds. Significance: Individuals with DS present reduced Fz outcomes during water walking in comparison to land. Therefore, water walking may be performed by individuals with DS with safe vertical loads on lower limbs regardless the self-selected speed for rehabilitation, correction of gait and training purposes
Spinon excitations in the spin-1 XXZ chain and hidden supersymmetry
No full textAbstractWe study spinon excitations of the integrable spin-1 (Fateev–Zamolodchikov; FZ) chain and their relation to the hidden supersymmetry. Using the notion of the supercharges earlier introduced to the spin chains, which change the system length by one, we found that they nontrivially act on one of two kinds of the degrees of freedom for the FZ chain. Their actions were obtained to be the same as those of the supercharges defined on the supersymmetric sine-Gordon model, the low-energy effective field theory of the FZ chain. Moreover, we construct the eigenstates which are invariant under the supersymmetric Hamiltonian given as the anti-commutator of the supercharges
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No full textThe collapse of the Fundão dam (Mariana-MG) released a large number of mining tailings along the Rio Doce, reaching its mouth in the Atlantic Ocean. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate, spatially and temporally, the ecological descriptors and the relationship of macrobenthic carcinofauna with abiotic factors, including those that can be considered indicatives of the presence of mine tailings from the Fundão dam collapse., from the continental shelf of Espírito Santo to southern Bahia, during the period from October/2018 to July/2019, totaling four campaigns: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Sectors: Abrolhos (AB), Norte (NO), Foz do Rio Doce (FZ), Costa das Algas (CA), and Sul (SU). In the laboratory, each sample was washed and, with the assistance of a magnifying glass, the crustaceans were sorted and identified at the lowest possible taxonomic level, the richness of taxa, density (ind./mL), and diversity (H') were across sectors, campaigns and depths. The relationship of abiotic factors with the density of the crustacean taxa in the sectors, campaigns, and depths was verified by means of redundancy analysis (RDA). The highest values of richness and diversity occurred in the AB and SU sectors, which differed significantly from the FZ (p < 0.05). In addition, these descriptors had their highest values in summer and winter, and in the greatest depths (p < 0, 05). Although the highest density was registered in the FZ sector, in the autumn season and in greater depths, there were no significant differences. In the FZ sector, the highest OM contents were registered, as well as the highest percentage of sludge and metals, mainly Barium, Copper, and Nickel, which possibly presents a direct relationship with the ore tailings from the collapse of the Fundão dam. On the other hand, the CA, AB, and SU sectors were positively associated with higher CaCO3 contents. The results for each sector revealed differences in the structure of the community, where Amphipoda predominated in FZ, AB, and NO sectors, Ostracoda in the CA sector, and Copepoda and Ostracoda in the SU sector, showing that the varieties of the studied area influence the preference of organisms by environmental conditions. The results attenuated a low richness, diversity, and possible increase in density in the FZ sector, due to the presence of Phoxocephalidae (Amphipoda), suggesting a certain resistance and capacity of this family in environmental changes, such as high metals observed in this sector. Thus, these results can show that even four years after the collapse of the Fundão dam, the FZ sector still presents a high degree of contamination suffered by mining tailings, which directly affected the structuring of the benthic crustacean community, especially in places close to the mouth of the Rio Doce. In this context, works related to the characterization of macrobenthic carcinofauna are essential to understand the ecological performance of organisms in places, as well as their relationship to disturbances caused by anthropic action, such as the rupture of the mining dam, which can also help in monitoring and assessment of environmental impacts.O rompimento da barragem de Fundão (Mariana-MG) liberou grande quantidade de rejeitos de mineração ao longo do Rio Doce, chegando até sua foz no oceano Atlântico. Nesse contexto, este trabalho objetivou avaliar de forma espacial e temporal, os descritores ecológicos e a relação da carcinofauna macrobentônica com fatores abióticos, incluindo aqueles que podem ser considerados indicativos da presença de rejeitos de mineração oriundos do rompimento da barragem de Fundão. As amostras de sedimento foram coletadas com um pegador do tipo Van venn ao longo da plataforma continental do Espírito Santo ao sul da Bahia, durante o período de outubro/2018 a julho/2019, totalizando em quatro campanhas: primavera, verão, outono e inverno. A área estudada foi dividida em cinco setores: Abrolhos (AB), Norte (NO), Foz do Rio Doce (FZ), Costa das Algas (CA) e Sul (SU). Em laboratório, cada amostra foi lavada e, com auxílio de uma lupa, os crustáceos foram triados e identificados ao menor nível taxonômico possível. Para avaliar a estrutura da comunidade, a riqueza de táxons, densidade (ind./mL) e diversidade (H´) foram comparadas entre os setores, campanhas e profundidades. A relação dos fatores abióticos com a densidade dos táxons de crustáceos nos setores, campanhas e profundidades foi verificada por meio de ordenações das análises de redundância (RDA). Os maiores valores de riqueza e diversidade ocorreram nos setores AB e SU, que diferiram significativamente da FZ (p<0,05), além disso, esses descritores tiveram seus maiores valores no verão e inverno, e nas maiores profundidades (p<0,05). Apesar da maior densidade ter sido registrada no setor FZ, na campanha do outono e em maiores profundidades, não houve diferenças significativas. No setor FZ registrou-se os maiores teores de MO, assim como maior porcentagem de lama e de metais, principalmente bário, cobre e níquel, que possivelmente apresentam relação direta com os rejeitos de minério oriundos do rompimento da barragem de Fundão. Por outro lado, os setores CA, AB e SU estiveram positivamente associados aos maiores teores de CaCO3. Os resultados para cada setor revelaram diferenças na estrutura da comunidade, onde os Amphipoda predominaram nos setores FZ, AB e NO, os Ostracoda no setor CA, e os Copepoda e Ostracoda no setor SU, evidenciando que as variedades da área estudada influenciam na preferência dos organismos por determinadas condições ambientais. Os resultados mostraram uma baixa riqueza, diversidade, e o eventual aumento de densidade no setor FZ, devido a presença dos Phoxocephalidae (Amphipoda), sugerindo certa resistência e capacidade dessa família em suportar alterações ambientais, como as altas concentrações de metais observadas nas associações para neste setor. Deste modo, esses resultados podem evidenciar que, mesmo após quatro anos do rompimento da barragem de Fundão, o setor FZ ainda apresenta um elevado grau de contaminação sofrido pelos rejeitos de mineração, e que afetou diretamente na estruturação da comunidade bentônica de crustáceos, principalmente em locais mais rasos e próximos a desembocadura do Rio Doce. Neste contexto, trabalhos relacionados a caracterização da carcinofauna macrobentônica são essenciais para compreender a atuação ecológica desses organismos em determinados locais, bem como a sua relação aos disturbios ambientais causados por ação antrópica, como o rompimento da barragem de mineração, podendo também auxiliar no monitoramento e avaliação de impactos ambientais.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Espírito Santo (FAPES
Punts crítics de estirada d'arrencada en halterofília
No full textLa finalitat d'aquest estudi és analitzar la tècnica en halterofilistes de nivell internacional, seguint les corbes de les forces verticals. Aquest treball, amb l'ajuda d'una plataforma de forces i d'un sistema d'anàlisi de video en dues dimensions, localitza els diferents punts crítics que intervenen en aquestes corbes al llarg de l'estirada d'arrencada en halterofília. Sis halterofilistes de nivell internacional han fet tres proves d'arrencada cada un, i feren servir càrregues al 70%, 80% i 90% de les seves marques màximes. En el transcurs de l'arrencada es noten tres punts crítics: dues màximes (Tz I , Fz I) i (Tz3, Fz3) separades per un mínim (Tz2, Fz2). Els esmentats punts tradueixen, des d'un pla cinemàtic i dinàmic les transicions de les fases tècniques. En el conjunt de les dades calculades, dues variables del sistema halterofilista-barra (Tz 3 I-Tz I i Fz I/Fz 0) i quatre variables estudiades sobre la cinemàtica de la barra (altura màx., altura màx./talla, altura màx./longitud cames i velocitat mit.), presenten diferències significatives entre les proves al llarg del test de rang de Wilcoxon. La utilització d'una matriu de correlacions (test d'Spearman), associada a una matriu de probabilitats, demostra correlacions elevades entre els diferents punts. Cal subratllar la importància del punt crític (Tz I , Fz I ) pel que fa als altres punts i les seves repercussions cinemàtiques de la barra (r = 0,83, P < 0,0 I ) per a Fz I i DV màx. a 90% de la càrrega màxima). El primer pic de més força Fz l és assolit més ràpidament i les relacions de força disminueixen (en concret Fz 1 / Fz0), respectivament igual, a 1,65 ± 0,10, després 1,54 ± 0,08 a 70% y 90% màxim. La disminució de la relació de la força Fz1 /Fz2 i l'augment de Fz3/FzI, pel que fa a les variables cinemàtiques de la barra, són significatius de les possibilitats de halterofilista
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