1,721,005 research outputs found
Philosophy of Law: Reply to Critics
Get PDFThe author addresses issues raised by commentators on his book, Philosophy of Law (2011)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Point of Exclusionary Reasons
No full textOne of Joseph Raz’s signature contributions to the explanation of normativity is the
introduction of the concept of an exclusionary reason (ER). As Raz sees it, ERs play a crucial
role in the explanation of legitimate legal authority, but they are also ubiquitous outside of
the legal domain.
1 My focus will be on their role in explaining the way in which moral or, at
any rate, nonlegal obligations or duties normatively differ from ordinary first-order reasons.2
The concept of obligation is seen by some as the lynchpin for understanding
morality.3 Others think that it is the emphasis on obligation and duty that has led modern
ethics astray.4 I will not take issue with these discussions here. I will assume that there are
obligations, and that they are different from other kinds of reasons. I hope that the
explanation of obligations I offer helps to determine their role and relevance, but it is not my
concern to establish any view about their importance.
There are obligations of very different stripes (even setting legal ones aside):
voluntary obligations (e.g., promissory obligations); obligations that arise from relationships
such as being someone’s friend, lover, or relative; obligations that are part and parcel of
being a member of a social group; role obligations, such as professional obligations; and
obligations we have to everyone, strangers and close relations alike, such as obligations to respect their rights. The explanation of the obligation may differ in these cases, but there may
also be salient similarities.
A thread running through Raz’s writings on the explanation of practical normativity is
the insistence that reasons generally are explained by their relation to value. In this paper, I
will develop this view with regard to obligations
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