1,721,114 research outputs found
Giles of Rome and the modists on signification and language
No full textGiles of Rome developed his personal positions about signification in general and linguistic signification in particular discussing contemporary or immediately preceding authors’ views; Robert Kilwardby, Albert the Great and probably various authors of the Modistic milieu worked out their positions, both in grammatical and logical writings, in the years before the composition of Giles’ exposition on the Sophistical Refutations (ca. 1274). In what follows, I shall first sketch Giles’ positions on signs and linguistic signification, then show how his discussions about homonymy are linked to contemporary debates, and finally point to some of Giles’ positions that were discussed, criticized and sometimes misunderstood by later Modists, such as Simon of Faversham, the Anonymous of Prague and Radulphus Brito, in their commentaries on the Sophistical Refutations around the end of XIIIth century
Appendix. Thirteenth-Century Unedited Texts on the Typology of Demonstrations and Sign-Inferences
No full textThis appendix brings together some unpublished texts referred to above all in chapter VI of this book. These texts are unedited and are presented here for the first time, in transcription from a witness or, in some cases, by collating two or more manuscripts.
The responsibility for the transcriptions and the choice of variants are completely mine. The edition reproduces the words of the manuscripts, trying to respect their orthography (although not their punctuation or paragraphing). All numbers are, however, spelled out and the choice between c and t, u and v has been normalized. Names or titles of classical and medieval authors or texts have been normalized, too.
At the beginning of each appendix, I have indicated the handwritten witnesses, their sigla and, when available online, their URL at my last access date (Sept. 22nd, 2022). If necessary, these preliminary notes will be preceded by additional introductory notes.
I owe my deepest thanks to Sten Ebbesen and Christina Thomsen Thörnqvist who shared with me their digital copies of some manuscripts, and to Parwana Emamzadah, who checked my working edition of Radulphus Brito’s question I.48 on the Sophistici elenchi (Appendix H) while preparing her own critical edition
Symbolism and linguistic semantics. Some questions (and confusions) from late antique neoplatonism up to Eriugena
No full textThe notion of 'symbol' in Eriugena's writing is far from clear. It has an ambiguous semantic connection with other terms such as 'signifi cation', 'fi gure', 'allegory', 'veil', 'agalma', 'form', 'shadow', 'mystery' and so on. Th is paper aims to explore into the origins of such a semantic ambiguity, already present in the texts of the pseudo-Dionysian corpus which Eriugena translated and commented upon. In the probable Neoplatonic sources of this corpus, the Greek term symbolon shares some aspects of its meaning with other words inherited from the ancient tradition, such as synthēma, eikōn, homoiotēs. Some of them, such as eikōn and homoiotēs, belong to the fi eld of images and are associated with linguistic semantics in the Neoplatonic commentaries not only to Plato but also to Aristotle's logical works. Among the late ancient Neoplatonists, particular attention is paid to Proclus and to his use of the term agalma. In fact, the textual history of this word seems to be a privileged perspective from which to reconstruct the Neoplatonic semantic blending of symbol and image, as well as the main role played by linguistic issues in this confl ation
Sign conceptions in medicine in the Latin Middle Ages
No full textThe reflections on signs by medieval physicians rely strongly upon classical medical texts and upon Greek and Arabic early medieval sources. The first Latin translations of Hippocrates' and Galen's works date back to the 5th and 6th centuries. Many of the medical treatises, excerpts and fragments from the early Middle Ages testify to the continuous attention paid by physicians to the detection of symptoms. This contribution will show how medieval physicians, thanks to a special attention paid to signs and their classification, tried to transcend the boundaries of sense perception
Clausius' virial vs. total potential energy in a two-heterogeneous component system
No full textAs underlined in a previous paper (Secco 2000), in a double gravitational bound system in virial equilibrium the Clausius' virial of one subcomponent is not, in general, equal to the total potential energy of the same component as it occurs in a single system without external forces. This is the main reason for the presence, in the cases of two non-coinciding concentric spheroidal subsystems, of a minimum (in absolute value) in the Clausius' virial trend of the inner component B, as its dimension decreases at fixed size and shape of the outer D component, instead of a monotonic absolute increasing trend usually obtained for the total potential energy of the same subsystem. That has been already proved in the case of two heterogeneous homothetic oblate spheroids of spheroidal, similar strata with two power-law density profiles and surely in some cases of non-similar components (Caimmi and Secco 2000). As the minimum appears it leads to the definition of a tidal scale length induced from the outer system on the inner one. What may be the relevance of this scale length in some aspects of the galaxy dynamics we have already investigated (see, e.g., Secco 2001). A new physical insight may be get by looking at the location of this special length inside the plot of the total potential energies of both subsystems separately and of the whole system taking into account also the trend of the antisymmetric residual-energy that is the difference between the tidal and the interaction-energy of each component
Etimologia e semantica: convergenze e divergenze teoriche nella storia del pensiero linguistico antico e tardoantico
No full textIn this contribution we will retrace some moments of the story of the relationship between semantics and etymology that runs through the Western philosophy of language, since its Greek origins up to the present day, to show that since then two approaches, corresponding roughly to the two disciplines, in terms of goals, methods and results, were kept quite distinct; and that, if they were overlapping, there was often a clear ideological intent
Aspetti comparativi sulla irrorazione delle valvole atrio-ventricolari in alcuni Mammiferi domestici e nell'uomo
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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