1,720,953 research outputs found
Stopover behaviour of migratory songbirds at a small desert oasis in Southern Morocco
No full textDiplomarbeit - Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien - 2025Jedes Jahr ziehen Millionen von Zugvögeln von ihren Brutstätten in Europa über das Mittelmeer und die Sahara Wüste zu den Überwinterungsstätten in Subsahara-Afrika und zurück. Im Frühjahr folgt auf die Migration die Paarungszeit, sodass ein engergie-effizienter Zug oder ein möglichst frühesr Ankunftsdatum im Brutgebiet entscheidende Fitness-Vorteile für ein Individuum bringen können. Je nach Spezies und Individuum nutzen die Vögel verschiedene Zugstrategien. Die meisten davon beeinhalten mindestens einen intermediären Aufenthalt, einen sogenannten Stopover, um zu rasten und aufgebrauchte Energiereserven aufzufüllen. Je nach Jahreszeit, Spezies, Zugstrategie und individuellen Faktoren nutzen Vögel verschiedene Stopover Sites und verhalten sich dort unterschiedlich. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Diplomarbeit war es, das Stopover-Verhalten von ziehenden Singvögeln in einer Oase in der Sahara Wüste zu dokumentieren und zu ermitteln, welche Strukturen sie nutzen und welchen Einfluss externe Faktoren auf das Verhalten haben. Dafür führten wir im Frühjar 2024 Verhaltensbeobachtungen in der Yasmina Oase nahe Merzouga im Süden Marokkos durch. Wir beobachteten zufällig ausgewählte Tamarisken in der Oase und notierten alle Vögel, die sich im Beobachtungszeitraum im Baum aufhielten sowie deren Verhalten. Das Auftreten der einzelnen Spezies und unserer drei Verhaltenskategorien (Nahrungssuche, Bewegung und Rasten) verglichen wir mit Daten zu Temperatur, Windstärke, Datum, Tageszeit und Eigenschaften des Baumes. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Funde von Maggini et. al. (1) – wir beobachteten die Zugvögel am meisten bei der Nahrungssuche, aber sie ruhten vermehrt während der Mittagszeit, hohen Umgebungstemperaturen oder bei starkem Wind. Ausserdem nutzten sie bevorzugt hohe Bäume mit hoher Blattdichte.Diploma thesis - University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna - 2025Every year millions of migratory birds travel from their breeding grounds in Europe across the Mediterranean Sea and Sahara Desert to their wintering grounds in Sub-Saharan Africa and back. In spring, breeding season follows the northward migration, so an energy-efficient migration or early arrival date at the breeding grounds can prove advantageous for an individual to ensure a successful breeding season. Depending on species and individual factors birds use different migration strategies. Most of these strategies include at least one stationary period, a stopover, to rest and refuel depleted energy reserves. The goal of this thesis was to determine the stopover behaviour of migratory songbirds at a small desert oasis in the Sahara Desert, what structures of the local vegetation they used and to investigate how external factors affected this behaviour. To do so we conducted behavioural observations at the Yasmina oasis near Merzouga in Southern Morocco during the spring of 2024. We surveyed randomly selected tamarisks in the oasis and noted all birds that stayed in this tree during our observation session as well as their behaviour. We compared the occurrences of the different species and our three behavioural categories (Foraging, Movement or Resting) with data on temperature, wind, date, daytime and the characteristics of the tree. The results confirmed findings from Maggini et. al. (1) – we observed the most birds foraging, but they showed more resting behaviour during midday, at high temperatures or strong winds. Additionally, they preferably used high trees with a dense foliage cover
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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