2,351 research outputs found
Dezentrale Nutzung von partiell aufbereitetem Biogas als Kraftstoff für landwirtschaftliche Fahrzeuge
No full textManaging Technology Risks Through Technological Proficiency: Guidance for Local Governments
No full textLike most organizations, local governments face challenges managing technology, the critical resource to meet evolving public service expectations. But benefits associated with adapting the latest technology come with risks, some more apparent than others.
This report details the problems facing municipal officials as they try to maximize the benefits of technology for their communities and constituents in the face of cybersecurity, legal, operational, financial, reputational and societal risks.
The report concludes that top municipal officials must create and maintain an environment of “technological proficiency.” That includes creating a process for making technology decisions, developing an annually reviewed technology plan that is tied to the budget, instituting a “cyber hygiene” training program for all employees in proper computer security practices, and making sure that agency technology is competently managed.
The report is supplemented by a "Best Practices and Resources Guide" that organizations can use to achieve technology proficiency. It provides best practices based on an organization's technology profile.Report and Supplement were prepared for the Municipal Excess Liability Fund, a joint insurance fund of over 600 New Jersey local government agencies
Wolfgang U. Dressler–Oskar E. Pfeiffer–Markus Pöchträger–John R. Rennison (eds): Morphological analysis in comparison. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory Vol. 201
No full textWolfgang U. Dressler - Oskar E. Pfeiffer - Markus Pöchträger - John R. Rennison(eds): Morphological analysis in comparison. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory Vol.201.John Benjamins, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 2000, 253 pp. ;
Stephen C. Levinson : Presumptive meanings. The theory of generalized conversational implicature. The MIT Press, Cambridge MA&London, 2000, 480 pp. ;
István Kenesei(ed.): Crossing boundaries. Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. John Benjamins, Amsterdam/Philadelphia, 1999, 301 pp
Why people with disabilities might really be leaving work : an exemplar case with lessons for managers
No full textThe author explores the 'silent' problem of unseen illness at work
Assessing intergenerational earnings persistence among German workers
No full text"'The vitality and stability of our democracy - as well as the economy - eventually depend on the social permeability of our society.' (Horst Köhler, German Federal President, 29. 12. 2007, authors' own translation) This statement draws attention to the strong meritocratic beliefs concerning the equality of opportunity that dominate public debates. This is especially true of the education system. But does this general concern translate into a society in which one's economic success in the labor market is independent of the family into which one was born? And if so, to what degree? In this study, we investigate intergenerational earnings persistence among German workers. Our measure of labor market success is real monthly earnings before taxes and social security contributions. The relationship between fathers' and sons' labor market earnings is assessed using samples drawn from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) 1984-2006. We introduce a novel sampling procedure that allows us to observe father-son pairs at a fairly similar stage in their lives. From a variety of microeconometric estimates (utilizing both OLS and IV methods) we suggest that the best point estimate of intergenerational earnings elasticity among German workers is one-third. Hence, if in the period of investigation a father's permanent labor market earnings increased by 10 percent ( EURO 231 at the mean of our father sample), the son's long-run economic status grew by 3.33 percent. Evaluated at the mean of our sample of sons ( EURO 1,937), this implies a step up of EURO 63 for the son. This figure indicates a lower degree of mobility (and a higher degree of persistence) in Germany compared to preceding studies. In an international perspective, the intergenerational earnings persistence in Germany seems to be lower than that in the United States and higher than that in Sweden. To summarize: there still seems to be substantial intergenerational earnings mobility among German workers, but more persistence than previous research suggested." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) Additional Information Kurzfassung (deutsch) Executive summary (english)Einkommenshöhe, Intergenerationsmobilität, Väter, Söhne, soziale Herkunft, Sozioökonomisches Panel, Persistenz, erwerbstätige Männer, Erwerbseinkommen, soziale Mobilität, Einkommensunterschied, Westdeutschland, Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Parachondria (Chondropomorus) caricae Pfeiffer 1858
No full textParachondria (Chondropomorus) caricae (Pfeiffer, 1858) Figures 1 P–W, 5 A Type material. Chondropoma caricae Pfeiffer, 1858: not located. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae navarretense Bartsch, 1946: NMNH 471990 (2 specimens in lot, holotype listed as 12.2 mm long specimen). Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae sosuense Bartsch, 1946: NMNH 336770, holotype. Type locality. Chondropoma caricae Pfeiffer, 1858: “ Prope Santiago insulae Haiti.” Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae navarretense Bartsch, 1946: “Above Navarrete Station on the railroad running from Puerto Plata to Santiago, Dominican Republic.” See Distribution below. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae sosuense Bartsch, 1946: “At Sosúa, 17 miles east of Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic.” Type figured. Chondropoma caricae Pfeiffer, 1858: unfigured. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae navarretense Bartsch, 1946: Bartsch, 1946: pl. 3, fig. 5. C hondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae sosuense Bartsch, 1946: Bartsch, 1946: pl. 3, fig. 4. Chresonymy. Chondropoma caricae Pfeiffer in Hjalmarson & Pfeiffer, 1858: 142; Bland, 1861: 355; Pfeiffer, 1865: 156–157; Pfeiffer, 1876: 196; Kobelt, 1880: 277; Crosse, 1891: 174; Watters, 2006: 192–193. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae Pfeiffer, 1858. Henderson & Bartsch, 1920: 61; Clench & Aguayo, 1937: 65. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae caricae Pfeiffer, 1858. Bartsch, 1946: 20 –22, pl. 3, fig. 2. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae navarretense Bartsch, 1946: 21 –22, pl. 3, fig. 5; Ruhoff, 1973: 102; Watters, 2006: 193. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae sosuense Bartsch, 1946: 20 –21, pl. 3, fig. 4; Ruhoff, 1973: 128; Watters, 2006: 193. Parachondria (Parachondria) caricae caricae (Pfeiffer, 1858). Watters, 2006: 46, 192– 193. Parachondria (Parachondria) caricae navarretensis (Bartsch, 1946). Watters, 2006: 46, 193. Parachondria (Parachondria) caricae sosuensis (Bartsch, 1946). Watters, 2006: 46, 193. Distribution and habitat. Authors have identified the habitat of this species as living on papaya trees (Pfeiffer in Hjalmarson & Pfeiffer, 1858; 1865; Crosse, 1891). Pfeiffer (in Hjalmarson & Pfeiffer, 1958: 142) specifically reported specimens “under fallen leaves on the roots of Carica papaya, usually in pairs” (translated here from German). However, papayas are not native to Hispaniola and other records place this species on limestone outcrops in evergreen forests. There are very few records of this species and its actual range is unknown. It is currently known only from the vicinity of Santiago de Los Caballeros in Santiago Province and from Puerto Plata and Sosúa in Puerto Plata Province. Bartsch’s type locality description of C. c. navarretense is somewhat misleading. He implied that Navarrete Station was on the railroad between Puerto Plata and Santiago. Navarrete is now called Bisonó and is located on the railroad that runs from Puerto Plata through Santiago to Bisonó some 25 km further west. It is located in the Cibao Valley between the Cordillera Central and the Cordillera Septentrional. Material examined (17 specimens). Dominican Republic. OSUM 22087 (2), Tacagera [not located], Santiago Province; UF 216562 (15), 3 km W of Puerto Plata, Puerto Plata Province. Redescription. Shell solid, opaque, high-spired, elongate conic. Maximum adult size: 16.1 mm, decollate. Minimum adult size: 9.9 mm, decollate. Adult shell decollated. Protoconch of 1.5 pale tan, smooth whorls. Teleoconch of 4.25–5.25 whorls. Axial sculpture of final whorl of numerous (ca. 100–120) very fine, narrowly spaced, weak threads of varying width. Growth stoppage lines usually present. Spiral sculpture of final whorl outside of umbilicus of ca. 20–30 irregularly sized, weak threads, widely spaced near suture, narrowly spaced elsewhere. Intersections of sculpture form very weak, axially elongated beads. Overall sculpture appearing as weak, irregular fenestrations or scallops. Umbilicus smooth within or with few very indistinct threads. Suture indented but not channeled. 1–3 threads are narrowly expanded at suture into sharp denticles or cusps; these are irregularly spaced. Aperture oval, lip double. Inner lip slightly exserted, thickened. Outer lip thickened, narrowly expanded, except narrower facing umbilicus, slightly recurved abaperturally. Adnate or narrowly detached from body whorl within same population. Weak posterior auricle broad and low. Color pattern pale and not well-defined. Base color off-white or tan. Smudged, pale tan and white axial zig-zags or dots that mark leading edge of growth stoppage areas; bands continue as brown bands on both sides of outer lip, tending to few narrow, weak spiral bands near umbilicus; umbilicus without bands. Beads and sutural denticles white. Operculum paucispiral with granular deposit. Variation in specimens. The few specimens seen differ primarily in having the outer lip either adnate or narrowly detached from the previous whorl. Specimens with a solute outer lip were named C. c. sosuense Bartsch, 1946, but this feature occurs along with adnate outer lipped individuals in a single population. Bartsch (1946) also named C. c. navarretense for specimens having fine sculpture but this is also a variable characteristic. Comparison with other species. This small, pale species is most similar to P. s i l v at i c u s. That species differs in its much coarser sculpture: 70–80 axial threads in P. silvaticus vs. 100–120 threads in P. caricae; 14–16 spiral threads in P. silvaticus vs. 20–30 threads in P. caricae. Remarks. Although the description appeared in Hjalmarson & Pfeiffer (1858) the species was listed as “ Chondropoma Caricae Pfr. ” and Pfeiffer is considered the sole author of the taxon. The species was not figured by Pfeiffer and the type has not been located. Bartsch (1946) identified his specimens based on the locality and the brief description given by Pfeiffer. This is reasonable as this is one of the few members of the complex recorded near Santiago and the description adequately matches Bartsch’s specimens. Original descriptions. Chondropoma caricae Pfeiffer, 1858. Pfeiffer in Hjalmarson & Pfeiffer (1858: 142) (translated here from Latin): “Shell slightly perforate, oblong-turret, solid, spiral raised lines and longitudinally subequally granular-decussated, pale brown, red spots and white variegated streaks; spire regularly narrowed, truncate; suture irregularly and widely crenulated; remaining 5 whorls convex, last not solute; aperture vertical, subangulate-oval; peristome double: inner slightly prominent, outer produced on top, right side shortly expanded, left obsolete.—Operculum flat, cartilaginous.” Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae navarretense Bartsch, 1946: See Bartsch (1946: 21–22). Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae sosuense Bartsch, 1946: See Bartsch (1946: 20–21). Etymology. Chondropoma caricae Pfeiffer, 1858: L. carica, fig or papaya [“ Ad radicae Caricae Papayae,” fide Pfeiffer, 1865: 156–157]. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae navarretense Bartsch, 1946: Navarrete Station, Dominican Republic. Chondropoma (Chondropomorus) caricae sosuense Bartsch, 1946: Sosúa, Dominican Republic.Published as part of Watters, G. Thomas, 2016, Review of the Hispaniolan Parachondria (Chondropomorus) complex (Gastropoda: Littorinoidea: Annulariidae), pp. 245-275 in Zootaxa 4127 (2) on pages 250-251, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4127.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/27177
Kopplung von einzelnen Quanten-Emittern mit plasmonischen Strukturen
No full textIn this work the interaction of plasmons in metallic nanostructures and excitations in single epitaxially grown semiconductor quantum dots is studied.
The enhancement of the electromagnetic field close to metallic structures is used to modify the emission properties of single quantum dots positioned in these regions.
The near-field enhancement especially for optical nanoantennas varies on a length scale much shorter than the wavelength. As a consequence, the individual nanostructures have to be placed with a precision of a few nanometers. To have full control over the coupling of a quantum dot to a plasmonic nanostructure one needs the ability to determine and prepare all parameters which influence the coupling. For precisely fabricated nanostructures consisting of epitaxially grown GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots and different gold nanostructures the near-field coupling is studied here by the characterization of the photoluminescence in the far-field.
In the first experimental chapter (chapter 4) of this thesis the optical properties of metallic nanostructures on semiconductor substrates are described.
The different modes of plasmonic structures are characterized. The influence of the substrate on the optical properties of nanoantennas are also discussed. The findings will be transferred in the following chapters to nanoantennas with resonance frequencies at the excitation or emission frequency of the quantum dots.
In chapter 5 I will present nano-positioning of metallic nanostructures on single quantum dots with an atomic force microscope. The plasmon resonance is used here to achieve an enhancement of the excitation efficiency. The spectral dependence of the field enhancement of the nanoantennas is characterized by varying the excitation of the quantum dots. We observe a clear shift of the near-field enhancement to lower energies, which can be partially explained by the spectral differences of the near- and far-fields of a radiating dipole.
In chapter 6 a positioning method based on electron beam lithography is described. With that method nanostructures can be positioned with an accuracy of about 9 nm and oriented arbitrarily. The positioning method is used to place resonant nanoantennas close to single epitaxially grown quantum dots. We achieve for the first time controlled coupling of epitaxial semiconductor quantum dots to resonant metallic nanostructures. The dependence of coupling of quantum dot excitons with plasmons in the nanoantenna is investigated as a function of the relative position of the two. The resonant character of the coupling is studied by tuning the antenna resonance.
The coupling of single quantum dots to metallic wires is also investigated. The emission of the quantum dots is modified by the additional emission possibility in the form of propagating plasmons along the wire.
In the last chapter the coupling of single quantum dots to extendend periodic plasmonic structures is investigated. The emission of the quantum dots is here influenced by near- and far-field coupling to collective excitations of the antenna arrays.
This work describes the controlled investigation of the near-field coupling of embedded quantum dots to metallic nanostructures. The findings pave the way for semiconductor based plasmonic quantum circuits on the micrometer scale.In dieser Arbeit wird die Wechselwirkung von Plasmonen mit Anregungen in einzelnen epitaktisch gewachsenen Halbleiter-Quantenpunkten untersucht.
Die lokalisierte Verstärkung des elektromagnetischen Feldes nahe metallischer Strukturen kann genutzt werden, um die Emissionseigenschaften einzelner, in diesen Regionen positionierter Quantenpunkte zu modifizieren. Besonders für optische Nanoantennen variiert diese Nahfeld-Verstärkung auf einer Längeskala die kürzer als die Wellenlänge ist. Deshalb ist es notwendig, einzelne Nanostrukturen mit einer Genauigkeit von wenigen Nanometern positionieren zu können. Um vollständige Kontrolle über die Kopplung eines Quantenpunktes an optische Nanostrukturen zu erreichen müssen sämtliche für die Kopplung entscheidenden Parameter ausreichend genau bestimmt und vor allem präpariert werden können. Für präzise hergestellte Nanostrukturen aus epitaktisch gewachsenen GaAs/AlGaAs Quantenpunkten und verschiedenen Gold Nanostrukturen wird hier die Nahfeld-Kopplung durch die Charakterisierung der Photolumineszenz im Fernfeld untersucht.
Im ersten experimentellen Kapitel (Kapitel 4) wird dargestellt, wie sich die optischen Eigenschaften metallischer Nanostrukturen auf Halbleitersubstraten verhalten. Die verschiedenen Moden einfacher plasmonische Strukturen werden charakterisiert. Weiterhin wird der Einfluß des Substrates auf die optischen Eigenschaften von Nanoantennen diskutiert. Die Erkenntnisse werden in den folgenden Kapiteln auf Nanoantennen mit einer Resonanzfrequenz bei der Anrege- oder Emissionsfrequenz der Quantenpunkte übertragen.
In Kapitel 5 wird die Nanopositionierung von metallischen Nanostrukturen auf einzelnen Quantenpunkten mit einem Rasterkraft-Mikroskop gezeigt. Die Plasmonresonanz wird bei diesen Experimenten genutzt, um eine Verstärkung der Anregeeffizienz zu erzielen. Indem die Anregung der Quantenpunkte variiert wird, kann die spektrale Abhängigkeit der Feldverstärkung der Nanoantennen charakterisiert werden. Es wird deutlich eine Verschiebung der Nahfeldverstärkung zu niedrigeren Energien beobachtet, die sich zum Teil über den spektralen Unterschied von Nah- und Fernfeld eines strahlenden Dipoles erklären lässt.
In Kapitel 6 wird eine auf der Elektronenstrahllithographie basierende Nano-Positionierungsmethode beschrieben. Nanostrukturen können damit mit einer Genauigkeit von etwa 9 nm positioniert und beliebig orientiert werden. Hier wurde zum ersten Mal erreicht, eptitaktischen Halbleiterquantenpunkte kontrolliert an resonante metallische Nanostrukturen zu koppeln. Die Kopplung von Quantenpunkt-Exzitonen mit den Plasmonen der Nanoantenne wird positionsaufgelöst untersucht.
Weiterhin wird die Kopplung einzelner Quantenpunkte an metallische Drähte untersucht. Die Emission der Quantenpunkte wird hierbei durch die zusätzlichen Emissionsmöglichkeit in Form von am Draht entlang propagierender Plasmonen modifiziert.
Im letzten Kapitel wird die Kopplung einzelner Quantenpunkte an ausgedehnte periodische plasmonische Strukturen untersucht. Die Emission der Quantenpunkte wird hierbei durch Nah- und Fernfeld-Kopplung an kollektive Anregungen der Antennen-Arrays beeinflusst.
Diese Arbeit beschreibt die gezielte Untersuchung der Nahfeld-Kopplung von eingebetteten Quantenpunkten mit metallischen Nanostrukturen. Die Ergebnisse ebnen den Weg für halbleiterbasierte plasmonische Quanten-Schaltkreise auf einer Mikrometer Längenskala
How Dr. Ehrenfried Pfeiffer Contributed to Organic Agriculture in Australia
No full textEhrenfried Pfeiffer (1899-1961) was 25 years old when Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) delivered his eight lectures on agriculture from 7th June to 16th June 1924. In those eight lectures at Koberwitz, Rudolf Steiner laid the basis for biodynamic agriculture. Steiner advocated an agriculture informed by anthroposophy, and that the ideas he expounded in the eight agriculture lectures should be developed by experiments, practice and observation. Ehrenfried Pfeiffer took up this task and he spent the rest of his life in the pursuit. Pfeiffer published his book ‘Bio-Dynamic Farming and Gardening’ in 1938. It was the first popular account of bio-dynamic agriculture. In that book Pfeiffer presented the practical results of more than a decade of farming practice and experimentation. Pfeiffer was a major contributor to Australia’s first organic farming journal, the 'Organic Farming Digest' (1946-1955); he was the leading contributing author from the USA. Pfeiffer's lecture tour to Australia planned for 1953, and visiting the states of NSW, Victoria, and South Australia, was cancelled at short notice due to his ill health
Noise-Attenuating Headphones and Participation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 3/31/2017
The purpose of this study was to understand the perceived benefits and limitations of using noise-attenuating headphones for children with ASD for participation in home, community, and school environments to determine feasibility of use and guide intervention planning and future research.
Primary Author and Speaker: Beth Pfeiffer</jats:p
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