1,720,963 research outputs found
Networks of information token recurrences derived from genomic sequences may reveal hidden patterns in epidemic outbreaks: A case study of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus.
No full textProfiling the genetic evolution and dynamic spreading of viruses is a crucial task when responding to epidemic outbreaks. We aim to devise novel ways to model, visualise and analyse the temporal dynamics of epidemic outbreaks in order to help researchers and other people involved in crisis response to make well-informed and targeted decisions about from which geographical locations and time periods more genetic samples may be required to fully understand the outbreak. Our approach relies on the application of Transcendental Information Cascades to a set of temporally ordered nucleotide sequences and we apply it to real-world data that was collected during the currently ongoing outbreak of the novel 2019-nCoV coronavirus. We assess information-theoretic and network-theoretic measures that characterise the resulting complex network and suggest touching points and temporal pathways that are of interest for deeper investigation by geneticists and epidemiologists
When Coincidence has Meaning: Understanding Emergence Through Networks of Information Token Recurrence
No full textIn this paper I conceptualise a novel approach for capturing coincidences
between events that have not necessarily an observed causal relationship.
Building on the Transcendental Information Cascades approach I outline a tensor
theory of the interaction between rare micro-level events and macro-level
system changes. Afterwards, I discuss a number of application areas that are
promising candidates for the validation of the theoretical assumptions outlined
here in practice. This is preliminary work that is sought to lay the foundation
to discover universal mathematical properties of coincidences that have a
measurable impact on the macroscopic state of a complex system and are
therefore to be considered meaningful
This Paper Is an Artefact: On Open Science Practices in Design Science Research Using Registered Reports
Get PDFDesign Science Research has not seen wide adoption of open science principles and practices so far. Here we investigate the use of registered reports, a functionality provided by the Open Science Framework online platform, for Design Science Research. We take an unconventional approach to develop a novel open Design Science Research process by instantiating the proposed process as a proof-of-concept of itself. This paper, therefore, becomes an artefact of this new open Design Science Research process itself and is structured accordingly. We make three contributions: (1) an innovative open Design Science Research process that can be executed using the Open Science Framework based on a registered reports template we developed; (2) a discussion how open Design Science Research is theoretically embedded in the field; and (3) a research agenda for the further development and evaluation of this novel approach to Design Science Research
You Can’t See What You Can’t See: Experimental Evidence for How Much Relevant Information May Be Missed Due to Google’s Web Search Personalisation
No full text© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The influence of Web search personalisation on professional knowledge work is an understudied area. Here we investigate how public sector officials self-assess their dependency on the Google Web search engine, whether they are aware of the potential impact of algorithmic biases on their ability to retrieve all relevant information, and how much relevant information may actually be missed due to Web search personalisation. We find that the majority of participants in our experimental study are neither aware that there is a potential problem nor do they have a strategy to mitigate the risk of missing relevant information when performing online searches. Most significantly, we provide empirical evidence that up to of relevant information may be missed due to Web search personalisation. This work has significant implications for Web research by public sector professionals, who should be provided with training about the potential algorithmic biases that may affect their judgments and decision making, as well as clear guidelines how to minimise the risk of missing relevant information
A computational approach to study the gap and barriers between science and policy
No full textAbstract
Research on the gap between science and policymaking and the barriers to utilizing science in policy remains controversial, since previous research methods have dominated data collection with perceived participant responses. This approach makes research findings applicable to particular contexts, particular participants, and particular times but cannot be generalized. We used a computational model to analyse linguistic text data from two communities and compared the results with self-reported research findings. The outcomes support that scientists and policymakers have their own linguistic characteristics, with scientists in the medical field preferring jargon and policymakers’ language containing public satisfaction pressures. Language representation also validates the existence of barriers in the use of science
Exploring the Effects of Data Set Choice on Measuring International Research Collaboration
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Enriching Bibliographic Data to Improve the Measurement of International Research Collaboration
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We Need the Open Artefact: Design Science as a Pathway to Open Science in Information Systems Research
No full text© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Design science research (DSR) is facing some significant challenges such as how to make the knowledge and artefacts we create more accessible; exclusion from competitive funding schemes that require open practices; and a potential reproducibility crisis if scholars do not have access to everything needed to repeat past research. To help tackle these challenges we suggest that the community should strongly engage with open science, which has been growing in prominence in other fields in recent years. A review of current DSR literature suggests that researchers have not yet discussed how open science practices can be adopted within the field. Thus, we propose how the concepts of open science, namely open access, open data, open source, and open peer review, can be mapped to a DSR process model. Further, we identify an emerging concept, the open artefact, which provides an opportunity to make artefacts more accessible to practice and scholars. The aim of this paper is to stimulate a discussion amongst researchers about these open science practices in DSR, and whether it is a necessary step forward to keep the pace of the changing academic environment
National Data Infrastructure - Blueprint for Aotearoa New Zealand
No full textAs part of the Veracity Technology Spearhead research project funded by the Science for Technological Innovation (SfTI) National Science Challenge, Catalyst Cloud has been engaged as a technology partner in a co-design process to construct a blueprint for a National Data Infrastructure (NDI) for Aotearoa New Zealand. This NDI blueprint takes ideas developed as part of the research project, and transfers them into an applied context with the goal to prepare for implementation with a clear sight to day-2 support and provisioning.
This document outlines the technical, regulatory and social context into which the NDI would be introduced, and the key principles and requirements at play. It goes on to propose a technical implementation for the NDI, and aligns it with Aotearoa New Zealand’s Digital Identity Services Trust Framework (DISTF). It presents a very high level design, discusses design principles, alternatives, tradeoffs and decisions.</p
Developing science capabilities for citizenship through participation in online citizen science (OCS) projects
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