1,721,136 research outputs found
La psicoterapia Interpersonale (IPT). Il trattamento psicologico della depressione nell’infezione da HIV.
No full textQuesto libro cerca di fornire un nuovo contributo alla sfida che la ricerca in psicoterapia si trova ad affrontare negli ultimi anni: la stan-dardizzazione dei trattamenti psicoterapici per specifici disturbi psichiatrici. Se consideriamo questa domanda in una prospettiva storica, possiamo notare che la psicoterapia mostra, dal suo esordio fino ai nostri giorni, una progressiva tendenza alla specificità associata ad un ridimensionamento delle teorie metapsicologiche. Nell’ambito degli approcci psicoterapici per il trattamento della depressione, la Psicoterapia Interpersonale (Interpersonal Psychotherapy o IPT) è l’unica psicoterapia breve che è stata sottoposta ad una rigorosa valutazione empirica. Il Collaborative Study per il trattamen-to della depressione del National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ha infatti chiaramente dimostrato che 16 settimane di IPT rappresen-tano l’intervento psicoterapico più efficace nell’alleviare la depressione, in particolare le forme depressive più gravi. Inoltre la IPT ha dimostrato una significativa validità sia nelle fasi acute che nella pre-venzione degli episodi ricorrenti nei pazienti ambulatoriali con depressione unipolare, non bipolare e non psicotica, mostrando un’efficacia pari a quella dei farmaci antidepressivi.
La IPT parte dall’assunto che la depressione si sviluppa in un con-testo interpersonale e che migliorerà con il miglioramento delle rela-zioni sociali. Traendo spunto dall’approccio interpersonale di Adolf Meyer e Harry Stack Sullivan e accogliendo i contributi della scuola neo-freudiana di Frieda Fromm-Reichmann, Erich Fromm, Karen Horney, il “focus” della IPT è più sul “qui e ora” che sulle esperienze infantili. Nel corso della terapia, vengono identificate le aree proble-matiche più frequentemente associate all’insorgenza della depressione, quali il lutto, i deficit interpersonali, i contrasti di ruolo e le transizioni di ruolo. Nel corso degli ultimi anni, l’IPT è stata applicata a numerose pa-tologie psichiatriche e mediche che possono associarsi o condurre a problematiche di tipo depressivo, quali i disturbi d’ansia e i disturbi del comportamento alimentare.
La più recente applicazione della IPT riguarda l’area della depres-sione nell’infezione da Virus dell’Immunodeficienza Umana (HIV). La depressione rappresenta infatti il disturbo psichiatrico più comune nei soggetti sieropositivi e con Sindrome da Immunodeficienza Acquisita (AIDS), con prevalenze che possono raggiungere anche il 30% dei casi. È quindi sorprendente notare come, sino ad oggi, la terapia psicologica e gli interventi psicoterapici per i soggetti depressi con infezione da HIV e AIDS abbiano considerato per lo più interventi psicoeducazionali o generiche terapie di supporto o a sfondo psicodinamico.
Per ovviare a questa lacuna, uno degli autori dell’IPT, Gerald Klerman, assieme a John Markowitz, uno dei suoi allievi, ha adattato alla popolazione di soggetti depressi con infezione da HIV il manuale originale dell’IPT. Tale adattamento ha permesso una verifica dell’applicazione dell’IPT nel corso di una pluriennale esperienza clinica con i pazienti con infezione da HIV presso l’Unità di Psicoterapia per l’HIV della Cornell Medical School di New York, nell’ambito di uno studio sugli interventi terapeutici per la depressione sovvenzionato dal NIMH.
Questo volume ha lo scopo di sensibilizzare il lettore italiano sul problema della depressione secondaria all’infezione da HIV, presen-tando una modalità specifica di trattamento psicologico, quale la IPT. In particolare, nel capitolo 1 viene effettuata una rassegna della lette-ratura sui principali studi relativi alla prevalenza di depressione nei soggetti sieropositivi, inclusiva di un riesame degli aspetti clinici e delle principali tecniche di intervento psicologico. Il volume è composta da cinque capitoli e quattro appendici, specificamente la misurazione della depressione (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression), le linee–guida dell’IPT nell’infezione da HIV, i principali farmaci antidepressivi e una brochure informativa per i pazienti con infezione da HIV e depressione, per i familiari e le figure di riferimento
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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