2,358,503 research outputs found
Murrumbidgee Catchment, New South Wales: Recharge Trading and Targeting Markets pilot studies
No full textMetadata only recordThere are two 'markets for ecosystem services' pilot studies in the Murrumbidgee Catchment of New South Wales, Australia. The first, "Recharge Trading", aims to develop a market-based instrument to resolve the issue of salinization caused by excess groundwater recharge from irrigated agriculture. The second, "Targeting Markets", explores the factors and conditions that make market-based approaches more or less suitable for addressing a natural resource management issue. The study suggests that greater heterogeneity in socio-economic factors, biophysical conditions, and management options makes market-based approaches more appropriate.PES-1 (Payments for Environmental Services Associate Award
Institutional reform in emerging securities markets
Get PDFIn the long run, sound, efficient securities markets can contribute to economic growth; in the short run, they play an important role in financial liberalization. The author provides a guide to issues involved in institutional and regulatory reform of securities markets - and a discussion of the practical implications of different policy options and sequencing decisions. He argues that establishing sound securities markets requires institutional development that is a substantial task for many developing countries. Prerequisities for the development of securities markets include: (a) a macroeconomic and fiscal environment conducive to the supply of quality securities; (b) a legal, regulatory, and institutional infrastructure that can support efficient operation of the securities market. Essentially such an infrastructure must provide four things: (a) certainty about property rights and contracts; (b) transparent trading and other procedures and public disclosure by companies of all information relevant to the value of their securities; (c) protection against unfair practices by insiders and intermediaries; and (d) protection against the financial failure of intermediaries and market institutions such as clearinghouses. The author also provides examples of the policy conflicts and uncertainties that are routine in securities market reform and development, and suggests approaches to managing them.Financial Intermediation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Insurance&Risk Mitigation,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research
The rise of securities markets : what can government do?
Get PDFUsing U.S. securities markets as a case history, the author explores the role securities markets play in economic development, how they emerge, and how regulation can make them more effective. Why the United States? Two centuries ago, it was a small undeveloped country with serious financial problems. It confronted those problems and, guided by Alexander Hamilton, creatively reformed its financial system, which then became a foundation of the U.S. economic infrastructure and a bulwark for long-term growth. When Hamilton's program established public credit and securitiesmarkets in the 1790s, U.S. citizens were immediately able to borrow from older, richer countries. U.S. wealth then increased until, by the end of the nineteenth century, U.S. residents began to lend and invest more abroad than they borrowed. During the 1820s and 1830s, the United States (usually state governments) borrowed large sums from foreign investors to build roads, canals, and early railroads, to make other transportation improvements, and to capitalize state banks. From the 1830s to the end of the century, still larger sums from overseas went into private U.S. railway companies that provided cheap transcontinental transportation. Most of this borrowing took the form of state and corporate bond sales to overseas investors. The pristine U.S. government credit established by Hamilton thus rubbed off on U.S. state and corporate debt. The British stock market did better than the U.S. market until the United States adopted security-market regulation (including disclosuire rules) under the SEC. Then the U.S. market became a world leader. The U.S. stock market developed more slowly than the bond market, but it both aided and benefited from foreign investment in U.S. bonds. Foreign investors preferred debt securities to equities, yet equities create a safety margin for bondholders who, because of this margin, are more willing to purchase and hold bonds. Foreign investors preferred bonds; U.S. investors, after exporting bonds, held more stocks than bonds at home. Why? Because good stock markets permit the conversion of equity securities into cash.Environmental Economics&Policies,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Financial Intermediation,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Economic Theory&Research,Housing Finance,Insurance&Risk Mitigation,Financial Intermediation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research
Market cultivator a newsletter of the Ohio Department of Agriculture Division of Markets.
No full textIrregular; Electronic coverage as of Jan. 14, 2004: Oct. 2001-; "Your partner in agribusiness marketing."; Description based on: Oct. 2001; title from caption (viewed Jan. 14, 2004).; Latest issue consulted: Feb. 2005.; As of July 8, 2008 no longer available online: http://www.ohioproud.org; Harvested from the web on 1/15/0
Economics for financial markets /
No full textSuccessful trading, speculating or simply making informed decisions about financial markets means it is essential to have a firm grasp of economics. Financial market behaviour revolves around economic concepts, however the majority of economic textbooks do not tell the full story. To fully understand the behaviour of financial markets it is essential to have a model that enables new information to be absorbed and analysed with some predictive implications. That model is provided by the business cycle. 'Economics for Financial Markets' takes the reader from the basics of financial market valuation to a more sophisticated understanding of the actions that traders take which ultimately drives the volatility in the financial markets. The author shows traders, investment managers, risk managers and finance professionals how to distil the flow of information and show what needs to be concentrated on, covering topics such as: * Why are financial markets subject to economic fashions? * How has the New Economy changed financial market behaviour? * Does the creation of the euro fundamentally change the behaviour of the currency markets? Shows how to distil the vast amount of information in financial markets and identify what is important Demonstrates how the "New Economy" had changed financial market behaviour Explains how to follow the behaviour of central banks.Successful trading, speculating or simply making informed decisions about financial markets means it is essential to have a firm grasp of economics. Financial market behaviour revolves around economic concepts, however the majority of economic textbooks do not tell the full story. To fully understand the behaviour of financial markets it is essential to have a model that enables new information to be absorbed and analysed with some predictive implications. That model is provided by the business cycle. 'Economics for Financial Markets' takes the reader from the basics of financial market valuation to a more sophisticated understanding of the actions that traders take which ultimately drives the volatility in the financial markets. The author shows traders, investment managers, risk managers and finance professionals how to distil the flow of information and show what needs to be concentrated on, covering topics such as: * Why are financial markets subject to economic fashions? * How has the New Economy changed financial market behaviour? * Does the creation of the euro fundamentally change the behaviour of the currency markets? Shows how to distil the vast amount of information in financial markets and identify what is important Demonstrates how the "New Economy" had changed financial market behaviour Explains how to follow the behaviour of central banks.Macroeconomics and interpretation of financial market volatility?; The time value of money; Term structure of interest rates and financial markets; Forecasting; Business cycles; Economic indicators ; Consumer expenditure, investment spending, government spending and foreign trade:Consumer confidence and consumer sentiment; Global exchange rate system and currency markets; Exchange rate volatility: the Fundamental approach and the asset market approach; US interest rates; Derivatives; The new economic paradigm; Bubbleology and financial markets; Bibliography; Statistical tables; Appendix: useful web addresses.Includes bibliographical references (pages 335-359) and index.Print version record.Elsevie
Development of natural gas and pipeline capacity markets in the United States
Get PDFDeregulation of the U.S. natural gas industry has been under way since the late 1970s. The industry was deregulated to create competitive markets in natural gas and its pipeline transportation, in the expectation that competition would guide transactions toward a more efficient outcome. The author provides an overview of the deregulation process and its effect on the development and functioning of natural gas and gas transportation markets in the United States. He analyzes the trading of pipeline capacity in primary and secondary markets and the regulation of pipeline transportation, identifies mechanisms that pipeline companies use to coordinate bilateral transactions, and summarizes deregulation's main achievements in the U.S. natural gas industry. Industry achievements in the past 15 years show that expectations were not realistic. The United States enjoys a highly competitive interstate transportation market. Both markets have benefited from the deregulation of natural gas production and marketing and the liberalization of natural gas prices. Introducing open access to interstate pipelines and their unbundling from gas sales has allowed end users to participate in the efficiency gains in upstream markets. All this has contributed to declining retail prices for all major consumer categories. Deregulation is far from complete, however. Current regulation of interstate pipeline companies and the secondary transportation market does not promote efficient allocation of transportation contracts. Flexible pricing of transportation contracts should be introduced in both the primary and secondary transportation markets. But deregulation of retail markets remains the most important task and the bigger challenge facing industry regulators. Small-volume end users (such as residential or commercial customers) are captive to local distribution utilities, without access to competitive wholesale markets. All end users should be able to choose a natural gas supplier and receive natural gas at the minimum cost to society.Oil&Gas,Water and Industry,Markets and Market Access,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Transport and Environment,Water and Industry,Oil Refining&Gas Industry,Oil&Gas,Carbon Policy and Trading
A new pro-competition regime for digital markets - Advice of the Digital Markets Taskforce (2020)
Get PDFCorrection to: Orynbassarova, Dilara “Entrepreneurial University Perspective: Tracking Labor Force Capacity to Support Industrialization Processes in the Emerging Markets, Evidence from Kazakhstan Data” Emering Markets Journal 6 (2): 5-11. 10.5195/emaj.2016.111
Get PDFAuthor’s affiliation was indicated as “Independent Researcher, Kazakhstan” when the article was initially submitted. However, author asked for his affiliation to be changed as “Nazarbayev University, Graduate School of Education, Astana, Kazakhstan” after publication. The original article can be found via the DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2016.11
Drug & chemical markets.
No full textMode of access: Internet.Continued as two independent periodicals: Chemical markets (later Chemical industries) and Drug markets (later Drug and cosmetic industry
Regoverning markets : the keys to inclusion of smallscale producers in dynamic agrifood chains - final technical report
No full textRestructured national and regional markets are displacing traditional food markets. Rapid changes in the structure and governance of national and regional agrifood markets has caused disproportionate attention to be paid to export markets, despite the far greater importance of domestic markets for most small-scale farmers. Land distribution is one key policy area for inclusion of small producers in changing markets. As well, small farmers’ competitive position can be addressed through promotion of wholesale markets and collective marketing. Policy efforts regarding market access should focus on asset-poor farmers. Much of the richness of this research lies in diverse individual country studies (see Project Outputs section)
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