121 research outputs found

    William Mitchell Opinion, Volume 17, No. 1, August 1974

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    Selected Table of Contents Opinion Named First in Nation U.S. Summer Term Decides Executive Privilege, Racial Desegregation Plan Issues / Mark W. Peterson Think Positively,\u27 Judge Tells Grads / Roberta Keller State Offers Low-Interest Student Loans / Edward Lief Registration=Frustration / Frank Gerval Impeachable Offense\u27 Loosely Defined: Minnesota Has Own Impeachment History / Duane Galles Women Brace \u27Man\u27s World\u27 Together / Frank Gerval To Neff, \u27School of Divine is not Mitchell\u27 / Frank Gerval Editorial Board Jeanne L. Schleh, Mindy Elledge, Edward Lief, Frank Gerval, Roberta Kellerhttps://open.mitchellhamline.edu/the-opinion/1037/thumbnail.jp

    Iowa History and Culture : A Bibliography of Materials Published Between 1952 and 1986, 1989

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    This bibliography was compiled by two reference librarians, Patricia Dawson and David Hudson with the goal of making it easier of tracking down material on Iowa history and culture. This supplements the Iowa History Reference Guide published in 1952 by William Petersen

    Modeled air-sea interactions around southeastern Greenland during extreme mesoscale wind events

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    The coast along the southern tip of Greenland is one of the windiest locations in the world due to strong mesoscale barrier winds and tip jets that form when synoptic scale flow interacts with the topography of Greenland. This study addresses how modeled mesoscale wind events around southeastern Greenland impact air-sea interactions and the ocean's response to this forcing. Case study comparisons between Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations run at four different resolutions (100 km, 50 km, 25 km, 10 km), in-situ observations, and QuikSCAT satellite data indicate that resolutions of 50 km and higher explicitly represent mesoscale winds. However, 10 km resolution is required to capture the vertical and horizontal structure of wind jets and to produce the greatest magnitude latent and sensible heat fluxes. The self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm was used to identify and classify the range of 10 m wind patterns present during ten winters (1997-2007, NDJFM) in the ECMWF Interim Reanalysis (ERA-I) and 50 km WRF simulation. WRF simulated patterns with strong barrier-parallel flow more frequently than ERA-I, and WRF also had faster coastal winds than ERA-I during all types of strong wind events. The largest turbulent flux differences occur over the marginal ice zone where the near-surface atmospheric state depends on specified sea ice thickness in each model. The SOM algorithm was then used to identify 12 wind patterns present during 20 winters (1990-2010, NDJFM) in the fully coupled Regional Arctic System Model (RASM). For all wind patterns the ocean loses buoyancy, primarily from turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes. Patterns with westerly winds at Cape Farewell had the largest buoyancy loss over the Irminger and Labrador Seas while patterns with easterly flow at Cape Farewell have large buoyancy loss along the sea ice edge in the Denmark Strait and a secondary maximum immediately west of Cape Farewell. The ocean mixed layer is anomalously deep for wind patterns that have northerly flow with either easterly or westerly winds at Cape Farewell; mixed layer deepening is positively correlated to the frequency of those patterns and of greater magnitude for longer duration events

    Modeled air-sea interactions around southeastern Greenland during extreme mesoscale wind events

    No full text
    The coast along the southern tip of Greenland is one of the windiest locations in the world due to strong mesoscale barrier winds and tip jets that form when synoptic scale flow interacts with the topography of Greenland. This study addresses how modeled mesoscale wind events around southeastern Greenland impact air-sea interactions and the ocean's response to this forcing. Case study comparisons between Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations run at four different resolutions (100 km, 50 km, 25 km, 10 km), in-situ observations, and QuikSCAT satellite data indicate that resolutions of 50 km and higher explicitly represent mesoscale winds. However, 10 km resolution is required to capture the vertical and horizontal structure of wind jets and to produce the greatest magnitude latent and sensible heat fluxes. The self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm was used to identify and classify the range of 10 m wind patterns present during ten winters (1997-2007, NDJFM) in the ECMWF Interim Reanalysis (ERA-I) and 50 km WRF simulation. WRF simulated patterns with strong barrier-parallel flow more frequently than ERA-I, and WRF also had faster coastal winds than ERA-I during all types of strong wind events. The largest turbulent flux differences occur over the marginal ice zone where the near-surface atmospheric state depends on specified sea ice thickness in each model. The SOM algorithm was then used to identify 12 wind patterns present during 20 winters (1990-2010, NDJFM) in the fully coupled Regional Arctic System Model (RASM). For all wind patterns the ocean loses buoyancy, primarily from turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes. Patterns with westerly winds at Cape Farewell had the largest buoyancy loss over the Irminger and Labrador Seas while patterns with easterly flow at Cape Farewell have large buoyancy loss along the sea ice edge in the Denmark Strait and a secondary maximum immediately west of Cape Farewell. The ocean mixed layer is anomalously deep for wind patterns that have northerly flow with either easterly or westerly winds at Cape Farewell; mixed layer deepening is positively correlated to the frequency of those patterns and of greater magnitude for longer duration events

    Market Power and Cartel Formation: Theory and an Empirical Test

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    Antitrust enforcement makes it difficult to test theories of cartel formation because most attempts to form cartels are blocked. However, federal laws allow U.S. produce growers to operate marketing cartels through devices called marketing orders. These cartels use quantity controls and quality standards to raise prices on fresh produce. Some growers have adopted marketing orders and others have not. This paper develops and tests a positive theory of the adoption of marketing orders. The theory suggests that growers in a region are more likely to adopt a marketing order if the demand for fresh produce is inelastic, the growers’ market share in the fresh market is large, there are barriers to entry and expansion, the fraction of the output the growers ship to the fresh market is not too large or too small, growers are homogeneous, and large cooperatives exist. Probit analyses support these hypotheses.marketing order; cartel; collusion; empirical; agriculture

    Archaeological reconstruction illustrations: an analysis of the history, development, motivations and current practice of reconstructionil lustration, with recommendations for its future development.

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    Initially, this study examines how archaeological reconstruction drawing evolved into its present form. Its development within the wider context of social and art history is traced from the 15th to the 201h century, with particular attention to its various applications, and the motivations for its production. The result is a clearer understanding and definition of the present role and purposes of this branch of illustration. Secondly,the study examines how these purposes are achieved in contemporary reconstruction artwork. By using an experiment in reconstruction, each component of the process is examined in turn: the design brief,illustrator, illustration and audience. The illustrations produced by the experiment are ranked according to performance, using the aims of the reconstruction as criteria. Aspects are identified which appear to contribute to good performance,using the information obtained about the illustrations and illustrators. Finally, the results are reviewed as a whole to identify present and possible future trends that may be worth exploring, and to inform a set of proposed guidelines for the commissioning and production of archaeological reconstructions. At present, archaeological reconstruction artwork has received very little academic attention, and there appears to be no formal identification of its aims, agenda or working practice. This study provides the groundwork for rectifying this situation, and supplies new information in several dffferent areas

    A Better and Truer Self: The Harris Brothers in Reconstructed North Carolina

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    Like many other Southern states recovering from the blows of the Civil War, the 1870s found North Carolina slowly rebuilding its infrastructures and attempting to adjust to post bellum society. The physical and economic effects of slavery were not eradicated during the Reconstruction era (1865 – 1877), and the practices of the former plantations still held the land in a faded southern grandeur. Born in a small town in the heart of tobacco-rich, northeastern North Carolina, the Harris brothers ¾ Osborne Jr. (1850-1932), Scotland (1869-1953), Cicero (1867-1940), Thomas (1873-1929), William (1871-?) Hilliard (1856-1930), and Governor Ellis, known as “G. Ellis” (1861—1933) ¾ were the grandsons of their former slave master, Thomas Whitmell Harris.[1] Raised on the “Sunnyside” plantation, a 100-acre tract of land purchased by their father, Osborne Sr., from his father (and master), each of the brothers received primary-level education in a segregated, one-room school before matriculating at St. Augustine\u27s Normal School, an institution founded by the Episcopal Church in 1867 to train the newly-manumitted slaves as teachers.[2] These men asserted their rights to equality in the new American nation through their quest for education, land ownership, socio-political activity, and religious freedom. During a time of rising and increased racism, when much of the South was focused on undermining the rights guaranteed by the Reconstruction Amendments, the Harris brothers fought back. While many freedmen were reduced to a state of peonage, the Harris men represent the struggles of a rising black middle class, which would, after many trials, establish itself in America. For the purposes of this study, I would define members of the black middle class as those who are literate (and encouraged literacy for all black Americans), involved in their communities (particularly in the spiritual sphere), financially independent, politically active, and focused on their families. Black Americans seized these aspects of their identities to claim their independence from the cultural destruction of nearly four centuries of slavery. I would also consider these aspects as vehicles of both personal and community protest. [1] Doris Harris Carroll, interview by author. Flint, MI. January 2013 [2] Carroll, interview by author
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