1,720,962 research outputs found
Economic, energy, and environmental analysis of PV with battery storage for Italian households
No full textThe use of renewable energy sources is one way to decarbonize current energy consumption. In this context, photovoltaic (PV) technology plays a direct fundamental role since it can convert sun irradiance into electricity to be used for supplying electric loads for households. Despite the huge availability of the solar resource, the intermittence of PV production may reduce its exploitation. This problem can be solved by the introduction of storage systems, such as batteries, storing electricity when PV overproduction occurs and acting as a source when PV generation is absent. Consequently, increase in self-sufficiency and self-consumption can be expected in residential end users, paving the way for more sustainable energy systems. In this paper, an economic, energy, and environmental analysis of PV systems (without and with batteries) for the household is performed for the whole of Italy, by means of a Geographical Information Systems (GIS) approach. A model to simulate energy balance and to manage batteries is defined for households to assess the profitability of such systems under an Italian regulation framework. Concerning results, indicators are provided at a national scale using GIS tools to highlight areas where investments are more profitable, boosting the CO2 emission reduction
Renewable Energy Communities business models under the 2020 Italian regulation
No full textRecently in Italy several regulation actions have been setup defining the Renewable Energy Communities implementation. Beyond the regulatory aspects of the legislation, the definition of economic incentives has open the possibility for the evaluation of the business models of the Renewable Energy Community initiative. The present work is focused on a methodology aimed at the sizing of the active part of an energy community: a solar photovoltaic system with electrochemical energy storage. It develops a multicriteria optimisation procedure by evaluating two independent and normalised key performance indices: self consumption and self sufficiency of the energy community. These two KPIs are evaluated on a hourly based energy balance by minimising the power flow to/from the electrical grid through a Mixed Integer Linear Programming scheme. Results obtained by changing the PV and the energy storage sizes are mapped in a Pareto plane and their distance from “utopia point” are evaluated. Economic indicators are then used to pick up the most performing configuration. Three different options of business model are considered on the optimal point: one where the Renewable Energy Community is taking on itself all the capital expenditure for photovoltaic and battery, a second one where an independent company is acting as a “technological partner” acquiring and managing the assets, sharing with the community the revenues and one intermediate case where costs and revenues are shared between community and developer. The procedure is applied to a real test case of an energy community located in the north-western region of Italy. Results show both positive economic and environmental performances, where the internal rate of return is greater than 11% and CO2 emission reduction is close to 45% for all the configurations, making attractive the exploitation of REC in the Italian context
Multi-objective planning method for renewable energy communities with economic, environmental and social goals
No full textIn this paper we propose an innovative multi-objective methodology to optimally size and operate an Energy Community under social, environmental, and economic considerations, where both user preferences demand side management have been incorporated to manage flexibility that can be provided by appliances and Electric Vehicles using a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model. The problem is efficiently decomposed using the A-AUGMECON2 technique that has confirmed its efficiency for an Italian case study. Results show that Renewable Energy Communities enable significant savings even beyond 10%–20% while keeping adequate level of user satisfaction, especially when grid prices are high. Demand response and demand side management confirmed to play a relevant role to achieve higher self sufficiency, economic, and social goals, in agreement to the energy transition targets
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Design of Energy Communities and Data-Sharing: Format and Open Data
No full textGovernments are promoting energy community (EC) policies to encourage joint investment and the operation of shared energy assets by citizens, industries, and public authorities, with the aim of promoting economic, social, and environmental benefits. However, ECs require appropriate planning and energy management strategies, which require data that are rarely clean and well-structured. Data providers rarely adhere to a common format for data sharing, which hinders the development of ECs. As the number of ECs is expected to grow significantly, this poses significant issues for stakeholders to quickly and efficiently develop projects. To address this issue, in this paper we propose a literature-based analysis and classification to derive the major data needs for EC planning, as well as a template format for data sharing. Our literature review on ECs successfully identifies the main data required to properly describe this system and its components. Their classification further clarifies that data structures shall account for tabular-like data of various types and flexible dimentionality, or cardinality. A public release of an open dataset for a case study in Pisa, Italy is also provided, supported by realistic or real data for testing the sizing and operation of ECs. The results suggest that data standard practices are needed, and this paper can lay the foundation for their standardization for ECs to fast-forward their deployment as support policy and technical decision-making
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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