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A study of transcription factor E2F-1 in adenocarcinomas of gastroesophageal juction and in barrett's adenocarcinomas. The relation of E2F-1 with the kinetic parameters of growth and of apoptosis correlation with clinicopathological parameters
No full textE2f-1 is a significant transcriptional factor, that receives signals from phase G1/S regulators and expresses various cellular functions, such as DNA formation and repair, mitosis and apoptosis. Its role in cellular proliferation and apoptosis has been studied in many experimental models and a few of these studies concerning human malignancies have been published, so far. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of E2F-1 in tumor growth, apoptosis and other clinical and pathological parameters of Barrett’s adenocarcinomas as well as in adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction. The relationship of E2F-1 and p53’s expression has also been studied. Method: The expression levels of E2F-1, p53, Ki-67 and caspase-3 were studied by immuno-istochemistry in 55 (fifty-five) cases of esophageal adenocarcinoma (18 cases of Barrett’s adenocarcinoma and 37 adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction). In order to ensure greater accuracy in the evaluation of apoptosis, TUNEL technique was performed in 20 of the samples. The outcomes were evaluated in unison as well as in relation to the clinical and pathological findings of the patients. Results: The mean percentage of E2F-1’s expression was 39.43% (±31.19%) in Barrett’s adenocarcinomas and 42% (±30.47%) in adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction. The expression rate of proliferation indicator Ki-67 was found to be 38.15% (±18.71) in Barrett’s adenocarcinomas and 38.93% (±16.32) in adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction. High expression of E2F-1 was associated with a low expression of Ki-67 (p=0.038) in all of the samples. Positive staining for p53 was observed in 50% of all Barrett’s adenocarcinomas and in 67.6% in adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction. Whenever E2F-1 was greatly expressed, so was p53, on both types of cancer. Caspase-3 was expressed in 1.025% (±0.3948) of all Barrett’s adenocarcinomas and in 0.9783% (±0.4635) of all gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas. The inversed relation between E2F-1 and Ki-67 was statistically significant (p=0.038) both in Barrett’s and gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas. The E2F-1 expression rates were also directly associated with the p53 expression rates. Moreover, E2F-1 high levels were inversely related with survival (p=0.08) in gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas. Finally, the lymph node infiltration was seriously associated with grim survival (p=0.07). Conclusions: E2F-1 expression is inversely related with cellular proliferation (Ki-67), it is directly related with p53 positive expression, it is not connected with caspase-3 expression (apoptosis), and tends to be related with lymph node infiltration and grim survival. E2F-1 seems to act as a tumor suppressor both in Barrett’s and gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas.Τα αδενοκαρκινώματα οισοφάγου Barrett και γαστροοισοφαγικής συμβολής παρουσιάζουν σημαντική αύξηση τα τελευταία τριάντα χρόνια. Στην ερμηνεία της καρκινογένεσης στον οισοφάγο Barrett φαίνεται να ισχύει η ακολουθία: φυσιολογικό επιθήλιο-μεταπλαστικό επιθήλιο-χαμηλόβαθμη δυσπλασία-υψηλόβαθμη δυσπλασία-αδενοκαρκίνωμα. Το παραπάνω πρότυπο δε φαίνεται να ισχύει στα αδενοκαρκινώματα της γαστροοισοφαγικής συμβολής. Διαταραχές στην λειτουργία πολλών γονιδίων που εμπλέκονται στην καρκινογένεση του οισοφάγου Barrett και της γαστροοισοφαγικής συμβολής έχουν καταγραφεί. Ο Ε2F-1 είναι ένας κορυφαίος μεταγραφικός παράγοντας που λαμβάνει σήματα από ρυθμιστές της G1/S φάσης και εκφράζει διαφορετικές κυτταρικές λειτουργίες όπως σύνθεση DNA, επιδιόρθωση DNA, μίτωση και απόπτωση. Ο ρόλος του στον κυτταρικό πολλαπλασιασμό και την απόπτωση έχει μελετηθεί σε πειραματικά μοντέλα και έχουν δημοσιευτεί σε περιορισμένο αριθμό μελέτες που αφορούν ανθρώπινες κακοήθειες. Σε μελέτη μη-μικροκυτταρικού καρκίνου του πνεύμονα η υπερέκφραση του Ε2F-1 συσχετίζεται με την αύξηση του όγκου υποδηλώνοντας «ογκογενετική» δράση. Σε μελέτη αδενοκαρκινώματος παχέος εντέρου η έκφραση του Ε2F-1 συσχετίζεται αντίστροφα με την αύξηση του όγκου και εκφράζεται σε περιοχές με αυξημένη απόπτωση. Σκοπός αυτής της ερευνητικής εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση του ρόλου του μεταγραφικού παράγοντα Ε2F-1 σε σχέση με τις κινητικές παραμέτρους της αύξησης και της απόπτωσης και με τις κλινικοπαθολογικές παραμέτρους στα αδενοκαρκινώματα Barrett και γαστροοισοφαγικής συμβολής. Μελετήθηκε επίσης η σχέση με την έκφραση της p53. Τα αποτελέσματά τους συσχετίστηκαν τόσο μεταξύ τους, όσο και με τις κλινικοπαθολογικές παραμέτρους (διήθηση λεμφαδένων, στάδιο νόσου, επιβίωση). Μέθοδος: Εξετάστηκαν ανοσοϊστοχημικά τα επίπεδα έκφρασης των μορίων Ε2F-1, p53, Ki 67, κασπάση 3 σε μια σειρά πενήντα πέντε αδενοκαρκινωμάτων (δεκαοκτώ αδενοκαρκινωμάτων Barrett και τριάντα-επτά αδενοκαρκινωμάτων γαστροοισοφαγικής συμβολής). Για μεγαλύτερη ασφάλεια ως προς την εκτίμηση της απόπτωσης έγινε η τεχνική TUNEL σε είκοσι δείγματα. Οι όγκοι προέρχονταν από χειρουργημένους ασθενείς σταδίων ?, ??, ?, χωρίς να έχει προηγηθεί χημειοθεραπεία ή ακτινοθεραπεία. Τα ευρήματα συσχετίστηκαν μεταξύ τους και με κλινικοπαθολογικά δεδομένα των ασθενών. Αποτελέσματα: Ο μέσος όρος έκφρασης του E2F-1 στα αδενοκαρκινώματα Barrett ήταν 39.43% (±31.19%), ενώ στα αδενοκαρκινώματα γαστροοισοφαγικής συμβολής ο μέσος όρος της έκφρασης του E2F-1 ήταν 42% (±30.47%)..
The The role of 2 - Octyl-Isocyanacrylate Glue, as a microbial barrier in peripherally inserted central catheter port VADS. A review of the literature
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Introduction: The implanted port catheters in chemotherapy which are connected to a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC Ports) are used daily in clinical nursing practice, enabling the administration of intravenous fluids, blood, drugs and Total Parenteral Nutrition. The 2-octyl-isocyanoacrylate glue as an alternative intervention in preventing wound infection during PICC port insertion.
Aim: The aim of the present review was to explore the use of 2-octylisocyanacrylate glue as a microbial barrier in wound trauma and in peripherally central catheter insertion.
Methods: An electronic research was conducted in 4 databases. Sixty five papers focusing on the use of glue in surgical trauma closure and healing were analyzed.
Results: The literature demonstrates significant benefits of the 2-octyl-isocyanacrylate glue in comparison to other tissue adhesives, when placed on skin incisions. The 2-octyl-isocyanacrylate glue seems to provide an effective barrier to microbial penetration by Gram-positive and Gram-negative motile and non-motile species.
Conclusions: The use of the 2-octyl-isocyanacrylate seems to be an effective method for skin closure and healing in patients undergoing PICC Port implantation whilst causing no side effects such as allergies, skin irritation or pain during the procedure
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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