1,721,011 research outputs found
Biogenic Amines’ Content in Safe and Quality Food
Full text linkBiogenic amines (BAs) are low-molecular-weight, nitrogenous compounds (mainly polar bases) coming from the decarboxylation of free amino acids or by amination or transamination of aldehydes and ketones. To our knowledge, BAs are essential for cellular development and growth, are important regulators of several processes such as brain activity, regulation of body temperature, stomach pH, gastric acid secretion, the immune response, and the synthesis of hormones and alkaloids, among others [1]. Decarboxylation of free amino acids represents the primary way of BAs’ obtention. Microorganisms involved in this process are positive to the decarboxylase enzyme, with the pathways that seem to be strain dependent rather than species specific [2]. At any rate, the presence of proteins (amino acids), favorable growing and fermenting conditions, and the possibility of external contaminations during food processing are important factors in BAs’ increase. An important contribution is also given by several pro-technological strains, in particular lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the genera Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus, were recently deeply reviewed as they are high tyramine producers. Del Rio et al. [3] clarified the harmful effect of this amine in boosting histamine toxicity besides being responsible for the so-called “cheese reaction”. Although starters are generally considered secure and good for both food safety and the general health status of the human body, there does not exist any regulation looking at the decarboxylase positivity of bacteria. As a matter of fact, it is challenging to use BAs’ content in food as a unit of measure to establish food safety. Evidence of strict correlations between personal sensitivity and genetical predisposition for BAs’ intoxication was found. In particular, the compromising of the detoxification system was enacted by mono and di-amine oxidase (MAO and DAO) enzymes in the intestinal epithelium that change for every individual. Great attention should be reserved not only to those subjects consuming mono and di-amino oxidase inhibitors (MAOI and DAOI) drugs, as they may become particularly sensitive to BAs’ action, but should also include those experiencing any impairment in the functioning of the small intestine or kidneys and so, even coeliac subjects, people who suffered surgery, or those who are in treatment for cancer and other pathologies [4,5]. The scientific research is giving growing insights into BAs’ presence in all food matrices including fresh fruit and vegetables, pulses, baby foods, alcoholic beverage [6,7,8], and halal foods [9]. This scenario forces scientists to turn their attention to the fact that all the population is at risk for experiencing BAs’ accumulation by their choices in meal composition, food sources, and of course specific sensitivity. This editorial has collected papers giving an interesting outlook on the content of BAs’ in food and a possible strategy to reduce their occurrence, BAs’ role in the promotion of aroma, and the specific capacity of selected bacteria in promoting their accumulation and/or degradation. All these papers actively contribute to creating a more complete frame on the theme keeping constant the fact that the presence of BAs’ in food represents an essential part of food quality and food safety
Salame di capra e di pecora halal: indagine di mercato e prospettive economiche
Full text linkThe purpose of this work was to deepen our
knowledge of the market demand for salami with
halal certification and the potential interest for
the regional (of Abruzzo region), national (of Italy)
and international market. In particular, the aim of
the study was to verify if this product could be
able to satisfy both the Muslim and non-Muslim
consumers. For this purpose, a market survey
was conducted with interviews of two groups
of consumers, 103 of Muslim faith and 151
non-Muslims. The results of the research showed
a high buying interest for both goat or sheep
salami, with halal certification, by both groups of
consumers; the study also allowed to characterize
the socio-economic aspect of the clusters to
which the product can mainly be destined
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Fresh chicken meat quality assessment using biogenic amines indexes Evaluación de la calidad de la carne fresca de pollo utilizando índices de aminas biogénicas
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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