544 research outputs found
sj-docx-2-dhj-10.1177_20552076231210663 - Supplemental material for Barriers to and facilitators of online health information-seeking behaviours among cancer patients: A systematic review
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-dhj-10.1177_20552076231210663 for Barriers to and facilitators of online health information-seeking behaviours among cancer patients: A systematic review by Giulia Ferraris, Dario Monzani, Veronica Coppini, Lorenzo Conti, Silvia Francesca Maria Pizzoli, Roberto Grasso and Gabriella Pravettoni in DIGITAL HEALTH</p
sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076231210663 - Supplemental material for Barriers to and facilitators of online health information-seeking behaviours among cancer patients: A systematic review
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076231210663 for Barriers to and facilitators of online health information-seeking behaviours among cancer patients: A systematic review by Giulia Ferraris, Dario Monzani, Veronica Coppini, Lorenzo Conti, Silvia Francesca Maria Pizzoli, Roberto Grasso and Gabriella Pravettoni in DIGITAL HEALTH</p
Time Asymmetric Quantum Mechanics and Shock Waves: Exploring the Irreversibility in Nonlinear Optics
No full textThe description of irreversible phenomena is a still debated topic in quantum mechanics. Still nowadays, there is no clear procedure to distinguish the coupling with external baths from the intrinsic irreversibility in isolated systems. In 1928 Gamow introduced states with exponentially decaying observables not belonging to the conventional Hilbert space. These states are named Gamow vectors, and they belong to rigged Hilbert spaces. This review summarizes the contemporary approach using Gamow vectors and rigged Hilbert space formalism as foundations of a generalized “time asymmetric” quantum mechanics. We study the irreversible propagation of specific wave packets and show that the topic is surprisingly related to the problem of irreversibility of shock waves in classical nonlinear evolution. We specifically consider the applications in the field of nonlinear optics. We show that it is possible to emulate irreversible quantum mechanical process by the nonlinear evolution of a laser beam and we provide experimental tests by the generation of dispersive shock waves in highly nonlocal regimes. We demonstrate experimentally the quantization of decay rates predicted by the time-asymmetric quantum mechanics. This work furnishes support to the idea of intrinsically irreversible wave propagation, and to novel tests of the foundations of quantum mechanics
Idrodinamica e idraulica. Le raccolte sul moto delle acque. La questione del Reno
No full textThe aim of this thesis is to illustrate the role of mathematicians in the history of hydraulics in Italy
in the 18th century by focusing on two aspects.
The first aspect is more general and deals with the main contributions of Italian mathematicians to
the collections on the motion of water that were published in Italy in five editions between the 18th
and the first half of the 19th century in Florence, Parma and Bologna. The second aspect is more
specific and deals with the problem of the regulation of the river Reno.
The first part of the thesis is dedicated to an examination of five collections on the motion of water
that were printed in Italy between 1723 and 1845. There were two Florentine editions, one
published in three volumes in 1723 and the other published in nine volumes between 1765 and
1774. Another edition was edited by the Jesuit Jacopo Belgrado (1704-1789) in Parma in seven
volumes between 1766 and 1768. Bologna produced two editions, both of which were edited by
Francesco Cardinali (1776-1861) in the first half of 19th century. The first one was printed between
1821 and 1826 in ten volumes, while the second one was printed between 1823 and 1845 in seven
volumes. As these collections represent very difficult and expensive works, it is important to
identify not only the editors of them, but also the printers. In this PhD thesis the five collections on
the motion of water have been examined and compared. They contain both theoretical and practical
contributions to the science of waters, starting from the Hydrostatics by Archimedes. Many authors
appear in different editions, like the main exponents of the Galilean school: first of all Benedetto
Castelli, then Vincenzo Viviani and Famiano Michelini. The works of other important
mathematicians are in these collections, like Guido Grandi, Domenico Guglielmini, Eustachio
Manfredi. To facilitate consultation of and comparison between the five collections, a database has
been created and can be found at the end of the work (Tavole). It allows the user to research by
means of author, subject or collection.The prefaces of these five collections have been transcribed
and can be found in the appendix.
Many of these works share the same theme, i.e. the problem of the regulation of the river Reno, that
is connected with the second part of the thesis. Each collection on the water’s motion contains
papers on this subject.
The second part of the PhD thesis deals with the regulation of the river Reno in the middle of the
18th century and, in particular, with the visit of Cardinal Conti, that took place between 1761 and
1762. The Reno is an Italian river and before its deviation it was the main right tributary of the river
Po. This river had a very irregular path in the Po river plain between the provinces of Bologna,
Ferrara and Ravenna. In its lower course the Reno receives the water of numerous streams, some of
which are seasonal, that carries great quantities of stones and gravel. That’s why its floods were so
frequent and dangerous. From the 16th century on this problem became unacceptable and the
authorities whose job it was to deal with this damage decided to tackle the situation in a definitive
way. However, this was just the beginning of a long series of quarrels that involved the provinces of
Bologna, Ferrara and Ravenna. Many Italian mathematicians took part in this long debate. The first
chapter of the thesis involves a historical study of the sequences of the river Reno, regarding the
variations of its path and the main intervention in its regulation during the Medieval age (chapter
I.1), in the 15th and 16th centuries (chapter I.2), in the 17th century (chapter I.3) and in the first part
of the 18th century (chapter I.4). In chapters II, III and IV the main part of the thesis is developed.
The second chapter deals with projects for the Reno and debates between Bologna and Ferrara in
the period 1740 - 1760. It is divided into seven sections: Gabriele Manfredi as a mathematician
(chapter II.1), Manfredi’s project (chapter II.2), Manfredi’s scientific heritage (II.3), the Ferrarese
project by Bertaglia and Bonati (chapter II.4), Paolo Frisi ad a mathematician (chapter II.5), Frisi’s
project (chapter II.6), Fantoni’s project (chapter II.7). The third chapter is devoted to the so-called
“Visita Conti”, that took place between May 12th 1761 and July 5th 1762. All the issues related to
the “Visita Conti” are described in the third chapter: Tommaso Perelli as a mathematician (chapter
III.1), Tommaso Perelli and the visit of the cardinal Conti (chapter III.2), Perelli’s Relazione
(chapter III.3), Jacquier and Le Seur as mathematicians (chapter III.4), Jacquier’s and Le Seur’s
Parere (chapter III.5), the debate between Perelli and Jacquier (chapter III.6), Teodoro Bonati as a
mathematician (chapter III.7). The Visita Conti was not conclusive, so three other mathematicians
had to be consulted: the main one was the Jesuit Giovanni Antonio Lecchi (1702-1776), whose
project for the Reno was the definitive one. The fourth chapter is entirely dedicated to the figure of
Lecchi and to his plan for the settlement of the Reno: Lecchi as a mathematician (chapter IV.1), the
hydrodynamics and Boscovich (chapter IV.2), the three technicians (chapter IV.3), Lecchi’s plan
and its realization (chapter IV.4). The last chapter (chapter V) deals with some issues related to the
Reno’s path in the last year of the 18th century.
To complete the thesis three documents have been transcribed. Two of them are manuscripts: the
summary of the Visita Conti and twenty-two letters from Giovanni Antonio Lecchi to Ruggiero
Giuseppe Boscovich. The other one has been already published: it is the report of the Visita Conti
by Tommaso Perelli: Relazione sopra il regolamento delle acque delle tre province
Il fiume Reno e la rete fluviale del Ferrarese
No full textIl contributo ricostruisce le vicende legate alla regolazione del fiume Reno, con particolare attenzione ai secoli XVII e XVIII, nel corso dei quali numerosi matematici intervennero nel dibattito, prospettando possibili soluzioni. Tra gli interventi più significativi vi sono la visita Conti (1761-62), coordinata dal matematico toscano Tommaso Perelli, e la visita dei tre periti (1765-72), sovrintesa dal gesuita milanese Giovanni Antonio Lecchi
Zinc levels in neonatal life influence long-term neurodevelopment
No full textMany preclinical studies demonstrated a key role of zinc (Zn) intake in neurodevelopmental processes. Brion at al. recently published a cohort study on Journal of Perinatology, demonstrating that Zn supplementation improved head circumference. However, they concluded that there is still urgent need of studies regarding the effects of early life Zn supplementation and Zn deficiency on NDV. To make our contribution in addressing this issue, we herein show our data regarding the relationship between serum Zn levels in preterm newborns and long-term effects on NDV. We found a significantly (p < 0.05) positive correlation between total composite motor score and serum Zn levels at 28 DOL (r = 0.467). In order to improve NDV of preterm newborns, optimization of early nutritional strategies, including Zn supplementation, represent an important toll to be considered
I matematici e le nuove linee per il Reno (1692-1772)
No full textIl problema della regolazione del corso del fiume Reno nella pianura tra Bologna e Ferrara, tornato di grande attualità dopo gli eventi sismici del maggio 2012, è stato lungamente dibattuto nel corso dei passati secoli. In questo lavoro viene fornito un quadro delle principali vicende che hanno caratterizzato il corso del Reno tra il 1692 ed il 1772, mettendo in luce l’apporto fornito dai più importanti matematici italiani del tempo nella vicenda. Gli estremi temporali coincidono con quelli di due importanti visite alle acque, la prima, nota come Visita D’Adda Barberini, dal nome dei due cardinali che la sovrintesero, vide l’attiva partecipazione del matematico bolognese Domenico Guglielmini. Alla seconda, conclusasi nel 1772 e ricordata come Visita dei tre periti, presero parte tre importanti scienziati, tra i quali spicca quello del matematico e idrostatico milanese Giovanni Antonio Lecchi. Particolare attenzione è stata posta sulla cosiddetta Visita Conti (1761-62), alla quale presero parte i matematici Gabriele Manfredi, bolognese, Teodoro Bonati, ferrarese, oltre al milanese Paolo Frisi e al toscano Leonardo Ximenes
Inclusione e società nell'Unione europea. Un progetto perseguibile?
No full textLe misure adottate dall’Unione europea in materia di lotta alla povertà e all’esclusione sono uno degli aspetti meno conosciuti dell’azione dell’Unione europea a vantaggio dei suoi cittadini. Benché le sue competenze siano limitate ad un’ azione di coordinamento delle politiche nazionali, fin dalla metà degli anni ’70 del XX sec., l’UE ha provato a sviluppare una propria idea di inclusione a partire dalla quale coordinare l’azione degli Stati membri. Il volume ripercorre i successivi sviluppi di questa idea, dall’approccio ordoliberale alla politica sociale del trattato di Roma del 1957 ai primi programmi di lotta alla povertà degli anni ’70 e alle comunicazioni della Commissione Delors della metà degli anni ’90 sullo sviluppo sociale della CE fino all’obiettivo di riduzione della povertà nella strategia di Lisbona del 2000 e alla sua attuale revisione nella strategia Europa 2020 per una crescita intelligente, sostenibile e inclusiva. L’obiettivo è “leggere” i documenti delle istituzioni comunitarie nei quali l’idea di inclusione si è articolata per verificare se a questa e all’azione dell’Unione in materia sia sottesa un’idea di società civile europea come destinataria e crogiolo delle misure comunitarie. Si tratta di un indizio importante per capire quanto l’Unione possa essere percepita dai suoi cittadini non solo come austera custode dei conti pubblici ma anche come società solidale e in divenire, accanto alle società nazionali
Enteral Feeding and Infections in Preterm Neonates
No full textInfections are major morbidities in preterm neonates. They represent the main cause of death of these particular patients. Malnutrition increases the risk of infections. Immaturity of neonatal gut system limits the use of enteral nutrition in the early life of preterm neonates. Additionally, the risk of necrotizing enteroco- litis frequently allows to enteral nutrition avoidance or suspension. Starvation produces modification in mucosal barrier integrity (favoring bacterial translocation), immune response, and microflora composition. Deficit of specific nutrients (i.e., amino acids, lipids, vitamins, microelements) reduces defenses against infections and increases the risk of inflammatory damage. On the other hand, adequate nutritional support may prevent occurrence of many infectious disease, by improvement of immune response, epithelial barrier integrity, and microflora composition.
The use of minimal enteral feeding (10–20 ml/kg of body weight), during a period of feeding intolerance, could be considered an efficacious nutritional strategy against infections in neonates
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