76 research outputs found
Proposing Chemometric Tool for Efficacy Surface Dust Deposition Tracking in Moss Tissue Cross Bioindication Process of Metals in Environment
No full textMosses have been used for biomonitoring in a number of different ways which may lead to rather different results, and some kind of classification seems
necessary at this point. Epigeic mosses (growing on the ground) are preferred in the regional surveys in Europe. Trace elements may be either absorbed on the moss
from the atmosphere as soluble chemical species in wet deposition or contained in particles from dry deposition. Part of the trace element content of particulates may
eventually be released by weathering and reabsorbed by the moss. Whereas uptake efficiencies for particulate-bound trace elements are generally poorly known, ions
may be subject to active uptake into cells or attached on the moss surface by physical and chemical forces. Methods are available to distinguish between intracellular
and surface-bound fractions of elements. The main problem with the issue of moss biomonitoring is revealed as (a) the transport of soluble compounds from the soil
into moss tissue, particularly during periods with excessive soil/water contact.
Although mosses do not have a root system, influence from this source cannot be disregarded, in particular in areas with low atmospheric deposition and (b) windblown
mineral dust from local soil. As far as the surface-bound fraction is concerned, little is known about the binding mechanisms, but the fact that different metals show rather large differences in their retention capacities indicates that both simple cation exchange on negative surface charges and complex formation with ligands on the moss surface are involved. Laboratory analysis using scanning electron microscopy has been involved for the determination of the dry deposition occurring within moss bioindicators
Survival of Civilian and Prisoner Drug-Sensitive, Multi- and Extensive Drug- Resistant Tuberculosis Cohorts Prospectively Followed in Russia
No full textThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Rheumatic diseases and viral infection: is there an association?
No full textViral infections, hepatitis B and C and herpesvirus-induced infections in particular, are widespread in the population. Recent years have seen the emergence of new viral infections that were previously endemic. Understanding the role of viruses in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases (RDs) is of great importance. First, they cause the clinical manifestations characteristic of many RDs (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, polymyositis, and Sjö gren's disease). The author discusses several possible mechanisms of the involvement of viruses in the development of autoimmune disorders: molecular mimicry; polyclonal B cell activation with overproduction of antibodies and immune complexes; T cell activation with cytokine overproduction. Secondly, viral infection can be reactivated during immunosuppressive therapy (also using biological agents), which is widely used to treat RDs. The review presents data on both the most common viruses (hepatitis B and C viruses, HIV, and human herpesviruses types 1–6) and more rare ones (chikungunya virus and polyomavirus) in the Russian population
Ethnogenetic Relations Between the Population of the Middle Sarmatian Time in the Eastern European Steppes
No full textIntroduction. The author of the article shows the problem of ethnogenetic relations between the population of the Middle Sarmatian time (1st – the first half of the 2nd c. AD) of the Lower Volga region and the Lower Don.
Methods and materials. The author analyzes craniological series of more than 400 skulls for solving this problem. The author uses digital information on the synchronous population (53 male and 47 female craniological series) to identify the ancestor-descendant relationships. The paper shows the comparative analysis carried out with the help of discriminate analysis by the canonical method. The results of the analysis are processed by the multidimensional non-metric scaling and cluster analysis to visualize on the Mahalanobis proximity distance matrix.
Analysis. The results of the comparative analysis allow revealing the significant morphological similarity of the Middle Sarmatian territorial groups of the Lower Volga and the Lower Don. This similarity can be primarily explained by the commonality of the Europeoid genetic substrate dating back to the population of the Early Sarmatian time in these regions. In addition to this component, various Eastern components participated in the formation of the anthropological type of the Middle Sarmatian population. In the process of migration and integration these components defined the population’s image of the 1st – the first half of the 2nd centuries BC as the morphological complex.
Results. The results of the comparative analysis suggest at least two Eastern components. The first component has mixed Mongoloid-Caucasoid features and its origin is associated with the population of Kazakhstan of the 3rd – 1st centuries BC (presumably with kangyu population) and the Southern Siberia (Pazyryk and Kamenskaya cultures). The second one also has the South Siberian origin (Tagar-tesinsk), but its racial type is defined as a type of long-headed Europeoids
Media and foreign policy in central and eastern Europe post 9/11: in from the cold?
No full text Most work on foreign policy and media influence focuses on Western media but the increasing prominence of central and eastern European countries in global politics (as members of the EU and NATO) means that the media—foreign policy relationship in these countries is assuming greater importance. This article addresses this gap by revisiting the question of media influence on foreign policy and the CNN effect debate from a non-US/UK, eastern European perspective, using some evidence from the Iraq War. The author builds on previous work on Kosovo where the media were shown to play a rather small role in foreign policy formation in these countries. However, the US-led invasion of Iraq is notable for the number of post-communist countries getting involved, and the widespread unpopularity of the campaign. This article re-examines the debate in light of the new foreign policy environment and asks to what extent the post-9/11 era has seen a transformation of the media—foreign policy relationship in eastern Europe. </jats:p
ANALYSIS OF MEDIA CONSUMPTION TRENDS IN UKRAINE FOR THE YEARS 2022 – 2024
No full textThe article analyses media consumption trends in Ukraine in 2022-2024, a hugely difficult time for the nation during the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine. During this time, both the consumers and the media had to adapt to new media conditions. The article analyzes the dynamics of media consumption in Ukraine during the last two years of the war in order to understand how extreme conditions in society affect the information environment, behavior, and psychological state of consumers. In the future, this will make it possible to develop effective strategies for media educational institutions and psychologists in shaping the conscious consumption of information and providing quality support to the individual in conditions of psychological crisis and emotional decline after contact with the media.
The study’s results show that for the second year in a row, Ukrainians choose social networks and online media to receive news information. Telegram channels are leading. Moreover, conscious media consumption of Ukrainian and patriotic content is growing.
The author emphasizes that the constant flow of news about war, shelling, misinformation, and propaganda exerts emotional pressure on consumers. Despite information overload, Ukrainians need quality and interesting content. In 2023, the consumption of entertainment programs, podcasts, and other formats that offer emotional enrichment to the consumer has increased significantly. Therefore, there is a growing need for psychological support and media programs to help consumers navigate the information space and support them with content in difficult times.
Another important trend is the growing popularity of the concept of «ecological media consumption,» which involves conscious information selection, critical thinking, and minimizing the negative impact of media on the consumer’s mental health
Use of diacerein for the treatment of large joint osteoarthritis (A review of literature and the author’s own experience)
No full textOsteoarthritis is (OA) is a chronic slowly progressive inflammatory disease, in the pathogenesis of which a large role is assigned to immune disorders: increased synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor-α) that activate catabolic processes not only in cartilaginous tissue, but also in subchondral bone and other joint structures. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended to be used as symptom-modifying agents that block the production of prostaglandins. The choice of slowly symptomatic drugs is rather wide. Diacerein is one of them. The author has evaluated the efficacy and safety of diacerein in the treatment of knee and hip OA over a period of 7 years. She also presents her own experience in using the drug
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