1,721,185 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Il virus influenzale: una nuova pandemia dietro l’angolo?
No full textDifferently from other viral diseases, like measles, smallpox and polyomielitis, influenza is caused by a virus that undergoes continuous antigenic changes, and has several animal reservoirs. Influenza virus is an enveloped virus, with a segmented negative RNA strand genome, belonging to the family Orthomyxoviridae. Influenza viruses are grouped in three different genotypes:A, B and C. Only genotype A viruses are able to cause relevant outbreaks, and are capable of infecting both humans and animal species. Antigenicity of surface glycoproteins (hemagglutinin, HA, and neuraminidase, NA) stimulate a protective immune response. The emergence of small antigenic changes determined on HA and NA by point mutations (antigenic drift) is on the basis of the seasonal outbreaks, whose spread is allowed by the incomplete protection provided by immunity against the previous infecting viral strains.The reassortment of genome segments that may occur after mixed infection with different antigenic types is on the basis of the appearance of new antigenic combinations (antigenic shift), leading to the emergence of vaste outbreaks, possibly involving most of the human world population (pandemics). Two classes of drugs are available against influenza: inhibitors of viral entry into the host cell and inhibitors of viral release (neuraminidase inhibitors).As a common phenomenon accompanying the usage of selective drugs, the emergence of resistant viral strains is a problem that is to be considered when planning the large use of antiviral drugs to restrict the spread of a possible pandemic. The recent appearance of a paper describing the complete sequence of the virus causing the tremendous pandemic called “spanish flu” in 1918, and of a paper reporting the in vitro reconstruction of this virus through reverse genetic methods, raised some concern about the possibility that the new information could be used in an offensive way by bioterrorists. On the other hand, thanks to these scientific achievements, the first steps have been accomplished towards the elucidation of pathogenic mechanisms underlying the high pathogenicity of this virus, so rendering more realistic the possibility of preparing appropriate tools to cope with the next pandemic expected to be behind the corner
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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