1,720,982 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Auxin–cytokinin interactions during plant developmental processes
Get PDFPlant growth and development are regulated by small signaling molecules called plant hormones. Plant hormones, including auxin, cytokinin (CK), ethylene, gibberellin, brassinosteroids, strigolactone, abscisic acid or jasmonic acid, collectively control the number of developmental processes such as embryogenesis, root and shoot growth and branching, or flowering. Over the past decades, studies that focused on mechanisms of phytohormone regulation of plant development clearly demonstrated that the individual hormone action is largely determined by complex interactions with other hormonal signaling pathways. Thus, a tightly interconnected hormonal network is generated which governs and coordinates proper plant development. Although the molecular principles of signal perception and transduction for most plant hormones were recognized, the molecular basis for hormonal crosstalk remains largely unknown. To get insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the hormonal crosstalk we focused on the interaction between auxin and CK. Auxin and CK are key hormonal coregulators in major developmental processes, such as shoot apical meristem activity (Reinhardt et al. 2000; Werner et al. 2003), shoot branching (Ongaro et al. 2008), root growth (Sabatini et al. 1999; Dello Ioio et al. 2008) or lateral root (LR) organogenesis (Benkova et al. 2003; Laplaze et al. 2007). The key principles of both the auxin and CK signal transduction pathways have been established (Hwang and Sheen 2001; Kepinski and Leyser 2005) and although mechanisms of their interaction have been proposed (Dello Ioio et al. 2008; Muller and Sheen 2008; Zhao et al. 2010) the crosstalk between auxin and CK is not fully understood yet.
In my PhD thesis I focused on the investigation of the molecular mechanisms of auxin and CK interaction using LR organogenesis as a suitable model system. Lateral root organogenesis is regulated by both hormones and accurate balancing is required between the promotive effect of auxin (Laskowski et al. 1995) and the inhibitory effect of CK (Laplaze et al. 2007).
Cytokinin modulation of polar auxin transport was found to represent an important mode of auxin and CK interaction (Dello Ioio, et al., 2008, Ruzicka et al., 2009; Pernisova et al., 2009). We further investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms and revealed that besides transcriptional regulation of auxin efflux carriers of the AtPIN family, CK interferes with cellular trafficking of the AtPIN1 protein and its stability. We found that CK regulates recycling of the auxin efflux carrier PIN1 to the plasma membrane by redirecting it for lytic 6 degradation in vacuoles independently of transcription. We proposed that such a rapid post-transcriptional regulation of PIN1 abundance provides a very efficient and precise mechanism to control auxin fluxes and distribution during CK-mediated developmental regulations, including lateral root primordia organogenesis and root meristem differentiation.
The results presented in the second part of my PhD demonstrate that the above described CK stimulatory effect on the lytic degradation of PIN1 not only allows overall regulation of auxin transport efficiency, but might be part of the mechanism determining directionality of the auxin stream. We reveal that CK interferes selectively with the trafficking pathway targeting PIN1 towards the basal membrane. Developmental and genetic modulations increasing the proportion of apically localized PIN1, due to an increased phosphorylation, dramatically reduce CK sensitivity. We demonstrate that during developmental processes such as LR organogenesis requiring redirection of the auxin flow, CK might contribute to PIN polarity re-establishment by targeting a specific subset of PIN1 membrane proteins for lytic degradation.
Last part of my PhD is focused on the role of the PIN3 (PIN-formed) auxin efflux carrier in the endodermis in the regulation of the early phases of lateral root initiation (LRI). We demonstrate that a local, developmentally specific auxin moves from endodermal to founder cells, so called auxin re-flux, and is required for the progress from founder cell to LRI phase. This auxin re-flux is mediated through the PIN3 auxin efflux carrier and its deficiency causes dramatic defects in the transition from founder cells to LRI. The data demonstrate that the endodermis plays an active role in the regulation of LRI and is part of the control circuit building up the auxin threshold in founder cells, which is required for the transition to the initiation phase
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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