1,721,034 research outputs found
Country teams socioeconomics workshop crops for resilience (Dryland legumes and cereals)
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Achieving sustainable agricultural intensification in Eastern and Southern Africa: what is needed?
No full textThe twin goals of achieving food and nutrition security in Eastern and Southern Africa remains urgent. These goals are particularly challenging now because they must be achieved at a time of unprecedented global changes including climate change and dwindling land and water resources. The solutions to these problems can come from either increasing food production by bringing more land into agriculture or implementing a long-term strategy of increasing yields on existing agricultural land while protecting the natural resource base and environmental services. The first choice of simply bringing more land into agricultural production may look straightforward on the surface but is problematic because the supply of suitable land has dwindled in many parts of the world. Secondly, the need to protect the capacity of (mostly) fragile ecosystems and biodiversity further limits the supply of new agricultural land. Therefore, choosing the path of ‘sustainable intensification’ of agriculture provides the most balanced approach that promises to increase crop yields without impacting too negatively on the environment and the resource base upon which agriculture depends. Yet the technological and agronomic improvements needed to achieve sustainable agricultural intensification are not easy for many farmers to implement due to knowledge, labour and resource constraints. This brief report on what is needed to promote diffusion of farming practices that can contribute to sustainable agricultural intensification.7 page
Sustainable intensification of maize-legume cropping systems for food security in Eastern and Southern Africa
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pathways to sustainable intensification in Eastern and Southern Africa: looking forward, achieving impact
No full textNearly a decade and a half into the 21st century, hunger and malnutrition are still harsh realities for more than one billion people around the world. In addition to this, the challenge of feeding a growing world population that is projected to reach 9 billion by 2050 has to be met despite a declining resource base and in particular dwindling supplies of water and land. Achieving this challenge while protecting the natural ecosystem that supports agriculture and other human needs will involve finding smarter ways to produce more with less. To do this in ways that create opportunities for those on land, earning only a meagre income, is no easy task.24 page
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