41 research outputs found
Where to look next? : Proto-object based priority in a TVA-based model of visual attention
No full textWischnewski M. Where to look next? : Proto-object based priority in a TVA-based model of visual attention. Bielefeld: Bielefeld University; 2011
Central performance drop in saccadic latencies
No full textWischnewski M, Koesling H, Kehrer L, Ritter H. Central performance drop in saccadic latencies. Perception. 2009;38(Supplement):49
Integrating Inhomogeneous Processing and Proto-object Formation in a Computational Model of Visual Attention
No full textWischnewski M, Steil JJ, Kehrer L, Schneider WX. Integrating Inhomogeneous Processing and Proto-object Formation in a Computational Model of Visual Attention. In: Ritter H, Sagerer G, Dillmann R, Buss M, eds. Human Centered Robot Systems: Cognition, Interaction, Technology. Cognitive Systems Monographs, 6. 2009: 93-102
Fission yeast Cactin restricts telomere transcription and elongation by controlling Rap1 levels
No full textThe telomeric transcriptome comprises multiple long non-coding RNAs generated by transcription of linear chromosome ends. In a screening performed in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we identified factors modulating the cellular levels of the telomeric transcriptome. Among these factors, Cay1 is the fission yeast member of the conserved family of Cactins, uncharacterized proteins crucial for cell growth and survival. In cay1∆ mutants, the cellular levels of the telomeric factor Rap1 are drastically diminished due to defects in rap1+ pre-mRNA splicing and Rap1 protein stability. cay1∆ cells accumulate histone H3 acetylated at lysine 9 at telomeres, which become transcriptionally desilenced, are over-elongated by telomerase and cause chromosomal aberrations in the cold. Overexpressing Rap1 in cay1+ deleted cells significantly reverts all telomeric defects. Additionally, cay1∆ mutants accumulate unprocessed Tf2 retrotransposon RNA through Rap1-independent mechanisms. Thus, Cay1 plays crucial roles in cells by ultimately harmonizing expression of transcripts originating from seemingly unrelated genomic loci
Where to Look Next? Combining Static and Dynamic Proto-objects in a TVA-based Model of Visual Attention
No full textWischnewski M, Belardinelli A, Schneider WX, Steil JJ. Where to Look Next? Combining Static and Dynamic Proto-objects in a TVA-based Model of Visual Attention. Cognitive Computation. 2010;2(4):326-343.To decide "Where to look next ?" is a central function of the attention system of humans, animals and robots. Control of attention depends on three factors, that is, low-level static and dynamic visual features of the environment (bottom-up), medium-level visual features of proto-objects and the task (top-down). We present a novel integrated computational model that includes all these factors in a coherent architecture based on findings and constraints from the primate visual system. The model combines spatially inhomogeneous processing of static features, spatio-temporal motion features and task-dependent priority control in the form of the first computational implementation of saliency computation as specified by the "Theory of Visual Attention" (TVA, [7]). Importantly, static and dynamic processing streams are fused at the level of visual proto-objects, that is, ellipsoidal visual units that have the additional medium-level features of position, size, shape and orientation of the principal axis. Proto-objects serve as input to the TVA process that combines top-down and bottom-up information for computing attentional priorities so that relatively complex search tasks can be implemented. To this end, separately computed static and dynamic proto-objects are filtered and subsequently merged into one combined map of proto-objects. For each proto-object, attentional priorities in the form of attentional weights are computed according to TVA. The target of the next saccade is the center of gravity of the proto-object with the highest weight according to the task. We illustrate the approach by applying it to several real world image sequences and show that it is robust to parameter variations
Factors influencing credibility perceptions of AI journalism: Investigating attitudes, trust in news media, and perceived agency
No full textThis bachelor thesis addresses factors influencing the perceived credibility of AI-generated articles in journalism. Specifically, the influence of media trust, agency, the machine heuristic, and the author on perceived (message) credibility will be investigated
Does polarizing news become less polarizing when written by an AI?
No full textIn this study, we examine how readers perceive the credibility of polarizing news purportedly written by a machine. In particular, we study whether a machine attribution can decrease the polarization inflicted by the self-confirmation bias. To that end, we expect that attitude-confirming polarizing news is perceived as less credible when attributed to a machine than when attributed to a human author. We assume this is due to the lower source credibility of machines and less emotional involvement. In a preregistered online experiment, we presented N = 508 participants with a polarizing news article attributed either to a human author or a machine. The article also either confirmed or disconfirmed participants’ attitudes towards the polarizing issue. Our results show that participants did not differentiate between human and machine-attributed news. Moreover, we found no evidence that machine-attributed news affected the self-confirmation bias. However, we found that, while machine authors were perceived equally competent as human authors, they were perceived as less trustworthy. In addition, we found that the machine attribution induced less emotional involvement in terms of experienced enthusiasm but not experienced anger
Managing processes and information technology in mergers - the integration of finance processes and systems
No full textMany companies use mergers to achieve their growth goals or target technology position. To realise synergies that justify the merger transaction, an integration of the merged companies is often necessary. Such integartion takes place across company business areas (such as finance or sales) and across the layers of management consideration, which are strategy, human resources, organisation, processes, and information technology.
In merger integration techniques, there is a significant gap regarding the management of operational level issues. Yet, especially for the finance business area, an integration of processes and information technology is of high importance and often required swiftly after the merger. The author therefore presents an approach designed for managing the operational level merger in the finance business area.
To close the gap in considering operational level issues, the author has developed a model for integraring finance processes and information technology of merging companies. For such model development, literature resources have been used along with merger experiences of the author, and interviews with merger experts. Validation of the developed model has been conducted by using in-depth case studies for showing the effects of applying the model. Further validation interviews have been conducted to support the generality of the approach.
Accommodating the significant increase of task complexity during mergers compared to normal business operation, the presented approach focuses on managing interdependencies instead of project detail. Features of this approach comprise:
An organisational proposal to settinmg up merger programme management;
An interdependency model, vertically interconnecting the finance business area with strategic and organisational merger decisions, and horizontally interconnecting the finance business area with other business areas.
It could be shown that the presented model improves merger integration quality by reducing complexity of merger management. The model is most applicable for larger companies, and can be used in any merger phase
Towards the microscopic understanding of self-healing mechanisms
No full textIn the present work we report on a Random Phase Approximation (RPA) which can be applied to multiblock copolymers consisting of supramolecular building blocks and hydrogen-bonded compounds including interactions in solution. These systems are model for the self-healing process due to the hydrogen-bonding interaction between the end-groups. This new analysis allowed to quantitatively access the assembly route with varying concentration
Synthesis and Analysis of Transient-Covalent Double Networks
No full textNature uses a combination of dynamic hydrogen bonds and static covalent bonds in e.g. the muscle sarcomer to achieve toughness in otherwise elastic materials. The dynamic bonds can open when a force is applied, thereby providing a stress-relieve mechanism to prevent rupturing of the covalent links. Upon release of external force the hydrogen bond network can heal to restore the former properties. To mimic these astonishing effects we envisioned a similar combination in elastomeric compounds by creating a dual network of hydrogen bonded and covalently linked polyisoprene. We synthesized a number of dual networks by first modifying polyisoprene with hydrogen bond forming urazole groups to form supramolecular networks with a cross-linking density between 0 and 15 mol%. In a second step covalent crosslinks were added by hydrosilylation with a bissilane linker. Linear rheological analysis of the transient network showed a dissipation mechanism extrapolated to be on the order of 0.01 - 0.10 s at ambient temperature. In combination with neutron scattering, which provides unrivalled and first insights on the chain level, the self-healing properties of these novel semi-transient networks are studied on the molecular level in static and dynamic deformation through a selective labelling of chains. Understanding of the self-healing mechanism in these mixed covalent and transient systems will allow the development of new polymeric materials with advanced functionality
