1,721,016 research outputs found
Between hearths and volcanic ash: The SU 13 palimpsest of the Oscurusciuto rock shelter (Ginosa e Southern Italy): Analytical and interpretative questions
Full text linkThe Oscurusciuto rock shelter, located in the ravine of Ginosa (Taranto), is one of the key sites for the
study of Neanderthal groups in Southern Italy. The rich stratigraphic sequence of the site, which is ascribable
entirely to the Middle Palaeolithic, is rich in anthropic remains and combustion structures,
attesting occupation by Neanderthals during MIS 3. This paper is focused on the study of Stratigraphic
Unit (SU) 13, made up of a compact sandy sediment mixed with pyroclastic sediment derived from the
underlying tephra level (SU 14). The latter has been identified as Monte Epomeo green tuff (dated Ar/Ar
55 ± 2 ka). The first stable human occupation of the shelter after tephra deposition is represented by unit
13. Our aim here is that of separating the Stratigraphic Unit into its main components so as to obtain a
high temporal resolution on the activities which took place in this SU, and to reconstruct the individual
events which formed the palimpsest. In order to fulfil these objectives, a multidisciplinary approach was
needed through which data could be integrated from the microstratigraphy of the hearths; from the
technological study of the lithic industries; from the individuation of the Raw Material Units (RMUs);
from refitting and co-joining and from spatial analysis (GIS science/tool). The integration of these
analytical methods reveals that SU 13 of the Oscurusciuto rock shelter was the product of a series of
events ascribable to a short time span. This layer was formed by sediment aggradation and cementation
(e.g., brecciation) processes. Human activities contributed to the sediment build up with the introduction
of wood ash, lithic raw materials and bones. The results show the importance of using integrated
research methods in order to identify short anthropic events within a palimpsest
Middle Palaeolithic technical behaviour: Material import-export and Levallois production at the SU 13 of Oscurusciuto rock shelter, Southern Italy
Full text linkThe Oscurusciuto rock shelter, located in southern Italy (Puglia), has yielded a long Middle Palaeolithic stratigraphy rich in lithic assemblages, fireplaces and faunal remains, attesting Neanderthal occupation during the MIS 3. This paper is focused on the stratigraphic unit 13, consisting of a sandy compact deposit mixed with pyroclastic sediment above a thick level of tephra- US 14, identified as Mt. Epomeo green tuff (dated Ar/Ar ~ 55 ka).
Level 13 represents the first stable human occupation after the deposition of tephra. Our goal was to examine the lithic assemblage of this stratigraphic unit by means of an interdisciplinary approach (technology, RMU, refitting program) in order to identify the economic behaviour and technical strategies of Neanderthals occupying the stratigraphic unit 13 of Oscurusciuto.
The technical strategies applied indicate fragmentation of the reduction processes, as well as probable events of importation and exportation of objects. The lithic material were introduced at different stages of manufacturing. Pieces were introduced in the form of rough objects (pebbles), as well as semi-finished items, and as finished tools. This fragmentation of the chaîne opératoire also demonstrate the palimpsest nature of the level which is made up of different events happening one after another.
The main concept of debitage was Levallois, generally realized on local jasper and siliceous limestone pebbles or cortical flakes. Jasper and siliceous limestone flakes, backed flakes and convergent flakes were the technological objectives of the debitage. A marginal volumetric debitage aimed at producing bladelets was also attested
Between hearths and volcanic ash: the SU 13 palimpsest of the Oscurusciuto rock shelter (Ginosa e Southern Italy): analytical and interpretative questions
No full textThe Oscurusciuto rock shelter, located in the ravine of Ginosa (Taranto), is one of the key sites for the
study of Neanderthal groups in Southern Italy. The rich stratigraphic sequence of the site, which is ascribable
entirely to the Middle Palaeolithic, is rich in anthropic remains and combustion structures,
attesting occupation by Neanderthals during MIS 3. This paper is focused on the study of Stratigraphic
Unit (SU) 13, made up of a compact sandy sediment mixed with pyroclastic sediment derived from the
underlying tephra level (SU 14). The latter has been identified as Monte Epomeo green tuff (dated Ar/Ar
55 ± 2 ka). The first stable human occupation of the shelter after tephra deposition is represented by unit
13. Our aim here is that of separating the Stratigraphic Unit into its main components so as to obtain a
high temporal resolution on the activities which took place in this SU, and to reconstruct the individual
events which formed the palimpsest. In order to fulfil these objectives, a multidisciplinary approach was
needed through which data could be integrated from the microstratigraphy of the hearths; from the
technological study of the lithic industries; from the individuation of the Raw Material Units (RMUs);
from refitting and co-joining and from spatial analysis (GIS science/tool). The integration of these
analytical methods reveals that SU 13 of the Oscurusciuto rock shelter was the product of a series of
events ascribable to a short time span. This layer was formed by sediment aggradation and cementation
(e.g., brecciation) processes. Human activities contributed to the sediment build up with the introduction
of wood ash, lithic raw materials and bones. The results show the importance of using integrated
research methods in order to identify short anthropic events within a palimpsest
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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