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Consolidation in Times of Crisis: The European Neighbourhood Policy as Chance for Neighbours? European Political Economy Review No. 7 (2007), p. 9-23
Get PDFThe ratification crisis of the European Constitution is accompanied by an increased enlargement fatigue, prompting a revision of the EU’s foreign policy choices. The paper shows that the development of the EU’s relations with its neighbours over the past 15 years has facilitated this process. Whereas enlargement policy has long been the Union’s most efficient foreign policy tool, the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) is about to assume this position by incorporating central enlargement policy elements. Although the incentives offered by the ENP are of particular interest to eastern partners, development perspectives for the Mediterranean have also been enhanced
Ten years Euro-Mediterranean partnership : defining European interests for the next decade
No full textIn November 2005, the European Union and its Mediterranean partners celebrate the tenth anniversary of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (EMP) that was initiated in Barcelona in 1995. Whereas in the beginning, the so-called Barcelona-Process responded mainly to concerns articulated by Southern EU-members, the necessity of a structured framework for the EU’s relations with Mediterranean countries is nowadays widely recognised among all members of the Union. This is the result of general developments in international relations but also of the establishment of a functioning multilateral framework for structured dialogue and cooperation with Mediterranean partners on behalf of the EU.
However, whether after the first ten years of existence the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership can be considered a success depends largely on the initial expectations attributed to the project. Surely, many shortcomings can be identified, especially if it comes to the concrete implementation of policies within the EMP-framework, but the process has also shown unique strengths on which the EU’s future policy can be built on. First of all, it has to be borne in mind that the “invention” of the EMP-format in 1995 established a totally new policy design for the EU’s Mediterranean policy that had not been tested before. Besides, via the EMP a more or less consistent framework for enhancing relations multilaterally as well as bilaterally could be created. Another non-negligible feature is that the EMP managed to bring together very different partners and to maintain a frequent dialogue even in cases of rising tensions between them. By doing so, the EMP was successful in creating a better climate for the further development of Euro-Mediterranean relations and of Mediterranean-Mediterranean relations as well.
Nonetheless, the process has been far from perfect. After ten years of EMP it is therefore time to evaluate the process but also – and much more so – to look ahead and try to formulate the agenda for the coming years. The identification of future policy areas and the definition of European interests was at the core of this year’s “Mediterranean Forum”. The contributions outline concrete policy needs and attempt to formulate European interests in the respective areas.
The contributions to the “Sixth Mediterranean Forum” have been compiled in the present Discussion Paper. The authors intend to participate in a debate that is crucial for the EU’s future policy towards its Southern neighbours. Not only because of geographic proximity this eventually is also a debate on Europe itself and its future international role
Ten Years Euro-Mediterranean Partnership. Defining European Interests for the Next Decade. ZEI Discussion Papers C. 154, 2005
Get PDFIntroduction, by Andreas Marchetti; The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership and the Concept of the Greater Middle East, by Stephen Calleya; The Euro-Mediterranean Dialogue and the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy. Excluding or Reinforcing?, by Martin Ortega; Promoting Good Governance. The Keystone to a Sustainable Mediterranean Policy, by Andreas Marchetti; Economics in the Mediterranean. Common Challenges, by Jan J. Michalek; 10 Years Euro-Mediterranean Partnership: The Human Dimension Revisited, by Ludger Kuhnhardt
Annäherungen an Europa : Beiträge zur deutschen EU-Ratspräsidentschaft 2007
No full textUnter dem Motto „Europa gelingt gemeinsam“ übernahm die Bundesrepublik Deutschland von Januar bis Juni 2007 den Vorsitz im Rat der Europäischen Union. Bundeskanzlerin Angela Merkel betonte in ihrer Rede zur deutschen Ratspräsidentschaft vor dem Bundesrat im Februar 2007 die Bedeutung der europäischen Einigung und hob hervor, „dass die Zukunft Europas vor allem dadurch entschieden wird, ob die Bürgerinnen und Bürger für dieses Projekt zu gewinnen sind.“ Entsprechend wurde die Ratspräsidentschaft seitens der Bundesregierung von zahlreichen öffentlichen Aktivitäten und Veranstaltungen begleitet.
Das Zentrum für Europäische Integrationsforschung leistete mit einer eigens aus Anlass der deutschen Ratspräsidentschaft konzipierten Vortragsreihe zu Fragen der Europäischen Union im ersten Halbjahr 2007 einen aktiven Beitrag zur Sensibilisierung der Öffentlichkeit für europäische Themen. Renommierte Experten aus Forschung, Medien und Politik stellten ihre Sichtweise auf die europäische Einigung zur Diskussion. Die einzelnen Vorträge widmeten sich den ebenso vielfältigen wie unterschiedlichen Aspekten europäischer Integration und thematisierten die unmittelbare Wirkung Europas auf das Leben seiner Bürger. Dabei rekrutierten sich alle Referenten aus dem „europäischen Großraum“ um Nordrhein-Westfalen, um gerade auch den Einfluss der EU für die Region zu verdeutlichen.
Mit dem vorliegenden Discussion Paper werden die Beiträge der Vortragsreihe einem größeren Publikum zugänglich gemacht, um auch über die deutsche Ratspräsidentschaft hinaus die Anregungen und Ansätze im Sinne eines fortwährenden Dialogs zur Diskussion zu stellen. Eingeleitet wurde die Reihe von Franz Knipping mit einem kenntnisreichen Rückblick auf die Unterzeichnung der Römischen Verträge vor nunmehr fünfzig Jahren. In seinem Beitrag hebt der Historiker besonders hervor, dass sich die europäische Integration von einem technischen Prozess inzwischen zu einem „Projekt mit Seele“ entwickelt habe, das daher gute Zukunftsaussichten aufweise. Thomas Gutschker liefert in seinem Aufsatz neue Impulse auf die viel diskutierte Frage, wie man die EU den Bürgern näher bringen könne und stellt im Rahmen seiner Ausführungen mögliche Szenarien dar, wie dieses Vorhaben umzusetzen sei. Vermittels einer Analyse der Europapolitik Belgiens nähert sich Dirk Rochtus der Thematik der Erwartungen des Auslands an die deutsche Ratspräsidentschaft. Romain Kirt geht in seinem wegweisenden Beitrag der Frage nach, ob eine – und falls ja, welche – Supermacht dem 21. Jahrhundert ihren Stempel aufzudrücken vermag. Michael Mertes erläutert in seinen Ausführungen die Bedeutung der EU für Nordrhein-Westfalen als direkten Nachbar Brüssels. Abgerundet werden die Beiträge durch ein erstes Resümee der deutschen Ratspräsidentschaft, in welchem die wichtigsten Resultate der vergangenen sechs Monate bilanziert werden
"Annäherungen an Europa. Beiträge zur deutschen EU-Ratspräsidentschaft 2007". = Approaches to Europe. Contributions to the German EU Presidency 2007. ZEI Discussion Paper No. 175
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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