1,721,012 research outputs found
L'Autorizzazione Integrata Ambientale e la Direttiva europea sulle Emissioni Industriali
No full textLa Direttiva IPPC1 (Unione Europea, 2011) è una delle direttive fonda
mentali per la tutela dell ambiente negli Stati membri dell Unione euro
pea (UE). Scopo della direttiva è quello di ridurre i livelli di inquina
mento prodotti dalle attività industriali ed agricole in modo che siano
socialmente accettabili ed economicamente sostenibil
La strategia della decarbonizzazione
No full textIl capitolo approfondisce la strategia di decarbonizzazione con particolare riferimento alla transizione elettrica del settore dei trasporti stradali
Le valutazioni ambientali
No full textIl capitolo approfondisce le valutazioni ambientali. Le valutazioni ambientali [Valutazione di Impatto Ambientale (VIA),
Valutazione Strategica Ambientale (VAS) e Valutazione di Incidenza (VI o VINCA)] hanno come scopo quello di prevenire eventuali impatti provocati da specifiche attività. Il processo di valutazione ha l’obiettivo di individuare gli impatti ambientali (probabili utilità lese) che un progetto, programma o politica può arrecare su una comunità di persone e l’ambiente
Tourism management in the era 4.0: Reliability of Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis and Viable System Approach
No full textWith the increasing availability of online reviews in specialized sites and personal blogs, new opportunities and challenges for decision-makers in the field of tourism are arising. However, there are a few models and processes designed to think systemically. In this direction, the proposed approach, based on Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA), aims to highlight, through the theoretical lens of the Viable System Approach (vSa), the community-shared evaluations regarding tourism destinations. In particular, a large-scale text analysis was conducted with the purpose of understanding, concerning two identified Italian point of interest, the main sentiments expressed within the texts generated on the net by citizens and visitors of the city of Rome. After the data collection, the identification, extraction and analysis of the data, the results highlighted the polarities of each aspect of the entities and emerged that some issues are perceived as particularly positive and others negative. Based on these elements, it is possible to arrive at the characterization of a recursive model oriented to the achievement of a territorial valorisation, in order to develop and strengthen the probability of survival of the overall regional context
Gli indicatori dello sviluppo sostenibile
No full textÈ bene considerare che gli obiettivi di sostenibilità possono essere misu
rati sia a livello micro, come nel caso di singole aziende o progetti, sia a
livello macro, ovvero a livello nazionale o sovrannazionale. In questo
capitolo verranno descritti quest ultimi mentre nel prossimo verranno
analizzati gli indici di performance di ecosostenibilità legati alle singole
imprese.
La caratteristica principale degli indicatori è la loro capacità di rias
sumere e concentrare l enorme complessità dell ambiente dinamico per
una quantità gestibile di informazioni significative (Godfrey e Todd,
2001; Hardi e Zdan, 2001). Lo scopo degli indicatori è quantificare, ana
lizzare ed esprimere in modo semplice un set di informazioni di cui al
trimenti sarebbe difficile e complesso darne una definizione (Warhurst,
2002). Valutare la sostenibilità significa fornire un aiuto ai decisori poli
tici nelle strategie che coinvolgono i sistemi integrati (naturali e sociali)
a livello locale e globale, sia nel breve che nel lungo periodo (Ness et al.,
2007)
Aerosols 2018 - 5th working & indoor aerosols conference
No full textA new very-low volume sampler has been developed with the purpose of allowing spatially-resolved determination of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and of its chemical components. The low-cost, automatic and self-powered device assures long-term (1-2 months) collection of PM on membrane filters, suitable for subsequent chemical analyses. The device showed very good performance in terms of repeatability of the samplings. The innovative samplers have been employed, along with biomonitors, to evaluate the spatial variability of PM10 mass concentration and its main chemical components in the area of Terni, a urban/industrial hot-spot sited in an intramountain depression of Central Italy
Innovative and low-cost monitoring techniques for evaluating the spatial variability of PM components
No full textThe study of the spatial distribution of atmospheric PM and of its components is essential for a reliable identification of emission sources, the evaluation of particle dispersion over the territory and the assessment of personal exposure. However, the very high cost of a network based on traditional PM samplers generally prevents the achievement of these goals. A low-cost, self-powered and automatic device for PM sampling on membrane filters has been recently become available. The sampler constitutes promising possibility to build low-cost networks for atmospheric PM as well as the lichen biomonitors. The SMART SAMPLER (FAI Instruments, Fonte Nuova, Rome, Italy; Figure 1) operates at the flow rate of 0.5 l min-1. It is equipped with a small solar panel and a rechargeable battery. For the validation step, three PM10 samplers were operated side-by-side for 1 year (30- or 45-day samplings). The samples were analysed for PM mass by gravimetry, ions by IC, levoglucosan by HPAEC-PAD, PAH by HRGC-MS and elements by ICP-MS. The results were evaluated in terms of relative standard deviation of the replicates and compared with the average values obtained from daily samplings carried out by a reference sampler operating at the flow rate of 2.3 m3 h-1. In the field, 25 samplers along with 25 lichen transplants (E. prunastri) were located at different sampling sites to design an inexpensive, extended and extensive (approximately 1 km of distance between the sites) monitoring network across Terni (Figure 2). A bag of nylon containing lichen transplants was exposed at each monitoring site for measuring the pollutants’ bioaccumulation at 5-months and at 1-year of sampling. Localizations of the samplers and of the lichen biomonitors were chosen in order to evaluate the impact of different local PM10 emission sources (such as power plant, steel plant and vehicular traffic). Chemical analysis of the PM samples was focused on the elemental content, using a chemical fractioning procedure that allowed us to discriminate water-soluble and residual fractions of analyzed elements. This approach proved to be valuable for increasing selectivity of elements as source tracers. The repeatability of the samplings carried out by the low-cost samplers was about 5%. The comparison with the reference sampler was very good for stable, fine components (e.g.: sulphate, potassium, levoglucosan, elements) and satisfactory for stable coarse components (e.g.: sodium, magnesium, calcium). Spatially resolved data, obtained by monthly sampling in parallel at 25 monitoring sites of Terni, allowed to assess the spatial variability of PM10 and elemental mass concentrations. Furthermore the PM sampling at each site enabled to properly evaluate the potential of the lichens as biomonitors for spatially resolved analyses. Source tracers of the main PM10 local emission sources were identified. Chemical fractionation improved the selectivity of element as source tracers. Spatial variability of Ni, Cr, Mn (insoluble fraction) and Mo (water-soluble fraction) concentrations showed the steel plant role in the emission of PM10. Spatial variability of Fe (insoluble fraction) resulted to be correlated not only with the steel plant emission but also with vehicular traffic. The role of this emission source was also confirmed by the spatial variability of elements such as Sb and Cu. Rb (soluble fraction) was confirmed to be a good tracer of biomass combustion processes. Lichen transplants appeared good biomonitors for spatially resolved analyses of the elements emitted by the steel plant. The obtained results proved the efficiency of the innovative and low-cost experimental procedures for the evaluation of the spatial variability of PM10 and its main chemical components through the acquisition of spatially resolved data. In particular, the innovative and low-cost sampler, used for the first time in this monitoring campaign, allowed to build an extended and extensive monitoring network, with low associated costs, which was able to represent the different emission source contributes to the total PM10 in the monitored area. This experimental procedure promises to be effective for the validation of dispersion models without the high costs associated to an air quality monitoring network. The innovative sampling procedure allowed to evaluate the potential of the lichens as biomonitors for spatially resolved analyses
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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