166 research outputs found
Mid-Late Pleistocene glacial dynamics in the Valira valleys (Principality of Andorra). Asymmetries within the Pyrenees and correlation across the westernmost European mountain ranges
No full text[eng] Many sediment-covered mountain areas affected by the growth of Pleistocene glaciers are over-consolidated. Palaeoglacial conditions are deduced from glacial consolidation and site investigations. Geomorphological evidence on the glacial extent and history is in this Thesis used as a framework for hydro-mechanical flow simulations in the valley glacier of Andorra and the lower Isère glaciated valley. From the effects observed within the fossil record of ancient glaciated valleys, a reliable reconstruction of palaeo-glacier’s thickness is possible when former ice-tonges overlayed porous aquifers, because subglacial erosion was mitigated by the subglacial water pressure limiting subglacial till formation. Records of minimum preconsolidation values indicate a buoyant surging glacier. For palaeoglacier reconstruction, the glacial valley geomorphology is clue providing the palaeogeographical calibration for further hydrogeomechanical calculations, especially at successive glacial stages during the deglaciation. A modern analogue, the Hansbreen sub-polar glacier, helps to set up a conceptual model allowing a better understanding of the glaciology of the two studied former valley glaciers, comparable to a polythermal glacier type. Tills and glaciolacustrine deposits from Andorra’s main valley and its principal tributary of La Massana allow for reliable local deglaciation patterns between GS-9 (40 ka b2k) and the Holocene Optimum (9.3–5.5 b2k). However, from the palaeoenvironmental data of the Pyrenees, deglaciation started sooner, and aridity affected the size of the glaciers from GS-10, resetting the valley glacier conditions ahead of GI-7. This affected the mainly prominent glacier-ice transfluence pass in the Pyrenees and the extension of the ice tongues on both sides of the mountain belt between GI-9 and GI-7, also during GS-5.2 and GI-5.1. During and posteriorly Heinrich event H4, aridity did not favour the development of valley glaciers in Andorra until stadial GS-7; however, glaciers in the Pyrenees progressed during the following Heinrich event (H3). Using geochemical data (Al, Ti, Ca, K, P), a basic limnological study permits a palaeoenvironmental interpretation in Andorra by adding data from stable carbon isotope (δ13C) from bulk carbon samples and AMS dates. Results show four unreported inland δ13C cycles linked to low water levels in the ice-dammed lake of Andorra (La Massana palaeolake). At the beginning of each cycle, enhanced δ13C bulk carbon values are found (> -23‰), a proxy of abrupt shifting from Type-C3 to Type-C4 vegetation. The beginning of the LGM and Heinrich events H3 and H2 were marked by enhanced δ13C values interpreted as a product of strong climate change that boosted aridity. The retrieval period towards δ13C depleted values (< -23‰) spans 4,500±500 years. In Andorra, the beginnings of H3 and H2 events were relatively dry, and the second half of the climate was moist. The first evidence of sediments coming from the motion of a temperate-base glacier in the Pyrenees was from stadial GI-3. Moist conditions suddenly stopped at the beginning of Heinrich event 2 and returned at the end of H2. This moisture behaviour during H2 on the southern slopes of the Pyrenees is the opposite of the wet-to-dry conditions described in NW Iberia. Conversely, the H1 event had a wet-to-dry structure coast to coast of Iberia, including in the SE Pyrenees (Andorra). A transition from single-phase-like glacier advances (NW Iberia) to multiphase glacier advances (SE Pyrenees) was due to a change from coldbased glaciers to temperate-based glaciers. However, glacier sensibility to global changes increases through time toward NW Iberia. The Last Maximum Ice Extent and the Global LGM did not concur in places experiencing multiphase glacier advances. Indeed both extreme behaviours do not correspond to the same type of glaciers. Polar-type glaciers in NW Iberia are in this Thesis invoked, while tempered or polythermal were frequent in NE Iberia. Abrupt glacier advances and quick glacier recession in Andorra are interpreted as surges from a mass-imbalanced glacier. Two kinds of surge events are distinguished from available data in the Pyrenees, those surges produced by overfed ice tongues fed by short-lived cold spells (in GS-2b and H1) and those surges produced by buoyant melting ice tongues within the glaciated valley (between stadials GS-5/GI-4, stadials GI-3/GS-3 and stadials GS-2.1b/GS-2.1a) by a warm moist climate. The winter solar rate increase (GI-3 and GS-5.1) and the evidence of polythermal-type glaciers matched. Conversely, summer insolation increases and wet-ice type oversaturated glaciers and surges at GS-2a concurred. In Andorra the snow-overfed glacier surges correlate with the decreasing winter insolation during GS-2b. In Iberia, the LGM would be placed between 23-17.5 ka and glaciers spread, linked to both wet westerlies from the North Atlantic and moisture supply of Mediterranean influence, reaching almost the eastern side of the Central Pyrenees, leading us to suppose an NW-NE seesaw climatic relationship across Iberia almost since GS-5.1. The oscillations of the oceanic thermal front promoted wet/dry westerly winds crossing over the Pyrenees, pushing back the Mediterranean influence towards the East. By classifying glacial phases of the northern Iberian Peninsula fringe, four common glacial phases arise for the last glacial cycle: A An early LGC starting at MIS 5d having a recessional period during MIS 5c. Cold-type glaciers are expected to have existed in some of the extreme NW of the Iberian mountains until Termination 1. B The Last Maximum Ice Extent occurred mainly during MIS 5a – MIS 4. An asymmetrical glacier recession during MIS 3 was related to an increase in eastward aridity. C Significant glacier fluctuations during the MIS 3 – MIS 2 hinge, the appraisal of temperated-polythermal type of glaciers accompanied by a generalised moisture increase entailing valley glaciers to surge. D Side-to-side mountain range-scale deglaciation dissymmetry in MIS 2. The widespread expansion of tempered-polythermal type glaciers during the LGM period and Termination 1 had a proportional expansion to the available moisture. The final deglaciation is characterised by relictual cirque glaciers disappearing during GS-1. In Andorra, a general rise in local river base levels occurred until the Holocene Optimum. Unravelling the afore-cited glacial phases and unexpected research allows for a tesselated mapping of the SW continental Europe concerning part, or all of the LGC glacial phases outlined above: 1 – Areas where glaciers were prevalent during MIS 2, like the Iberian Central System, the NW and S French Massif Central, the NW Jura and the maritime Alps. 2 – Areas having a far-flung end moraine produced in a previous glacial phase (MIS 6 or posterior) showing stability until the MIS 2, as for ice caps/fields from the southern half of the Galicia mountains. 3 – Areas of pseudo-pleniglacial or apparent-pleniglacial condition, despite previous glacier recessions phases (albeit challenging to identify), as in most of the northern slope of the Pyrenees. 4 – Areas of multiphase glacier advances, like most of the southern slope of the Pyrenees, most of the Cantabrian Mountains, the half north of the Galicia mountains, the High Atlas, Sierra Nevada and the SW French Massif Central, the western Alps and the Vosges. 5 – Areas where glaciers were present from the LGM until Termination-I, like the northern Iberian range and Sanabria in Iberia. Nevertheless, other mountain ranges have a Type 5 glaciation’s scenario, like the southern Black Forest in Germany
Mid-Late Pleistocene glacial dynamics in the Valira valleys (Principality of Andorra). Asymmetries within the Pyrenees and correlation across the westernmost European mountain ranges
No full textPrograma de Doctorat en Ciències de la Terra[eng] Many sediment-covered mountain areas affected by the growth of
Pleistocene glaciers are over-consolidated. Palaeoglacial conditions are
deduced from glacial consolidation and site investigations. Geomorphological
evidence on the glacial extent and history is in this Thesis used as a framework
for hydro-mechanical flow simulations in the valley glacier of Andorra and the
lower Isère glaciated valley. From the effects observed within the fossil record
of ancient glaciated valleys, a reliable reconstruction of palaeo-glacier’s
thickness is possible when former ice-tonges overlayed porous aquifers,
because subglacial erosion was mitigated by the subglacial water pressure
limiting subglacial till formation. Records of minimum preconsolidation values
indicate a buoyant surging glacier. For palaeoglacier reconstruction, the glacial
valley geomorphology is clue providing the palaeogeographical calibration for
further hydrogeomechanical calculations, especially at successive glacial
stages during the deglaciation. A modern analogue, the Hansbreen sub-polar
glacier, helps to set up a conceptual model allowing a better understanding of
the glaciology of the two studied former valley glaciers, comparable to a
polythermal glacier type.
Tills and glaciolacustrine deposits from Andorra’s main valley and its
principal tributary of La Massana allow for reliable local deglaciation patterns
between GS-9 (40 ka b2k) and the Holocene Optimum (9.3–5.5 b2k). However,
from the palaeoenvironmental data of the Pyrenees, deglaciation started
sooner, and aridity affected the size of the glaciers from GS-10, resetting the
valley glacier conditions ahead of GI-7. This affected the mainly prominent
glacier-ice transfluence pass in the Pyrenees and the extension of the ice
tongues on both sides of the mountain belt between GI-9 and GI-7, also during
GS-5.2 and GI-5.1. During and posteriorly Heinrich event H4, aridity did not
favour the development of valley glaciers in Andorra until stadial GS-7; however, glaciers in the Pyrenees progressed during the following Heinrich
event (H3).
Using geochemical data (Al, Ti, Ca, K, P), a basic limnological study permits
a palaeoenvironmental interpretation in Andorra by adding data from stable
carbon isotope (δ13C) from bulk carbon samples and AMS dates. Results show
four unreported inland δ13C cycles linked to low water levels in the ice-dammed
lake of Andorra (La Massana palaeolake). At the beginning of each cycle,
enhanced δ13C bulk carbon values are found (> -23‰), a proxy of abrupt
shifting from Type-C3 to Type-C4 vegetation. The beginning of the LGM and
Heinrich events H3 and H2 were marked by enhanced δ13C values interpreted
as a product of strong climate change that boosted aridity. The retrieval period
towards δ13C depleted values (< -23‰) spans 4,500±500 years.
In Andorra, the beginnings of H3 and H2 events were relatively dry, and the
second half of the climate was moist. The first evidence of sediments coming
from the motion of a temperate-base glacier in the Pyrenees was from stadial
GI-3. Moist conditions suddenly stopped at the beginning of Heinrich event 2
and returned at the end of H2. This moisture behaviour during H2 on the
southern slopes of the Pyrenees is the opposite of the wet-to-dry conditions
described in NW Iberia. Conversely, the H1 event had a wet-to-dry structure
coast to coast of Iberia, including in the SE Pyrenees (Andorra).
A transition from single-phase-like glacier advances (NW Iberia) to
multiphase glacier advances (SE Pyrenees) was due to a change from coldbased
glaciers to temperate-based glaciers. However, glacier sensibility to
global changes increases through time toward NW Iberia. The Last Maximum
Ice Extent and the Global LGM did not concur in places experiencing
multiphase glacier advances. Indeed both extreme behaviours do not
correspond to the same type of glaciers. Polar-type glaciers in NW Iberia are in
this Thesis invoked, while tempered or polythermal were frequent in NE Iberia.
Abrupt glacier advances and quick glacier recession in Andorra are
interpreted as surges from a mass-imbalanced glacier. Two kinds of surge
events are distinguished from available data in the Pyrenees, those surges
produced by overfed ice tongues fed by short-lived cold spells (in GS-2b and
H1) and those surges produced by buoyant melting ice tongues within the glaciated valley (between stadials GS-5/GI-4, stadials GI-3/GS-3 and stadials
GS-2.1b/GS-2.1a) by a warm moist climate. The winter solar rate increase (GI-3
and GS-5.1) and the evidence of polythermal-type glaciers matched.
Conversely, summer insolation increases and wet-ice type oversaturated
glaciers and surges at GS-2a concurred. In Andorra the snow-overfed glacier
surges correlate with the decreasing winter insolation during GS-2b. In Iberia,
the LGM would be placed between 23-17.5 ka and glaciers spread, linked to
both wet westerlies from the North Atlantic and moisture supply of
Mediterranean influence, reaching almost the eastern side of the Central
Pyrenees, leading us to suppose an NW-NE seesaw climatic relationship
across Iberia almost since GS-5.1. The oscillations of the oceanic thermal front
promoted wet/dry westerly winds crossing over the Pyrenees, pushing back the
Mediterranean influence towards the East.
By classifying glacial phases of the northern Iberian Peninsula fringe, four
common glacial phases arise for the last glacial cycle:
A An early LGC starting at MIS 5d having a recessional period during MIS
5c. Cold-type glaciers are expected to have existed in some of the extreme NW
of the Iberian mountains until Termination 1.
B The Last Maximum Ice Extent occurred mainly during MIS 5a – MIS 4.
An asymmetrical glacier recession during MIS 3 was related to an increase in
eastward aridity.
C Significant glacier fluctuations during the MIS 3 – MIS 2 hinge, the
appraisal of temperated-polythermal type of glaciers accompanied by a
generalised moisture increase entailing valley glaciers to surge.
D Side-to-side mountain range-scale deglaciation dissymmetry in MIS 2.
The widespread expansion of tempered-polythermal type glaciers during the
LGM period and Termination 1 had a proportional expansion to the available
moisture.
The final deglaciation is characterised by relictual cirque glaciers
disappearing during GS-1. In Andorra, a general rise in local river base levels
occurred until the Holocene Optimum.
Unravelling the afore-cited glacial phases and unexpected research allows
for a tesselated mapping of the SW continental Europe concerning part, or all of
the LGC glacial phases outlined above:
1 – Areas where glaciers were prevalent during MIS 2, like the Iberian
Central System, the NW and S French Massif Central, the NW Jura and the
maritime Alps.
2 – Areas having a far-flung end moraine produced in a previous glacial
phase (MIS 6 or posterior) showing stability until the MIS 2, as for ice
caps/fields from the southern half of the Galicia mountains.
3 – Areas of pseudo-pleniglacial or apparent-pleniglacial condition, despite
previous glacier recessions phases (albeit challenging to identify), as in most of
the northern slope of the Pyrenees.
4 – Areas of multiphase glacier advances, like most of the southern slope of
the Pyrenees, most of the Cantabrian Mountains, the half north of the Galicia
mountains, the High Atlas, Sierra Nevada and the SW French Massif Central,
the western Alps and the Vosges.
5 – Areas where glaciers were present from the LGM until Termination-I, like
the northern Iberian range and Sanabria in Iberia. Nevertheless, other mountain
ranges have a Type 5 glaciation’s scenario, like the southern Black Forest in
Germany
Aplicació de Gestió per a Entrenadors de Futbol
No full textLa tecnologia és cada vegada més present en molts aspectes de la nostra vida quotidiana. Des de l'ús diari dels nostres telèfons mòbils fins a aplicacions avançades com els algorismes d'intel·ligència artificial que prediuen malalties. En major o menor mesura, ens ajuda a avançar i ofereix solucions innovadores, fins i tot en camps tradicionals. Una d'aquestes àrees són els equips de futbol, on les pràctiques obsoletes i ineficaces han persistit al llarg dels anys. Tot i ser un esport amb influència mundial, ha lluitat per abraçar el potencial que hauria d'haver tingut en termes de modernització. És per això que Let's Manage! introdueix un enfocament innovador i únic. Pretén redefinir la organització dels equips de futbol i el que implica d'una manera eficaç, millorant el rendiment dels jugadors i adreçant les seves necessitats individuals. D'aquesta manera, es millorarien les seves qualitats i facilitarien el feedback indirecte pels entrenadors i els seus equips.Technology is increasingly present in many aspects of our daily lives. From the everyday use of our mobile devices to advanced applications like artificial intelligence algorithms predicting diseases. To a greater or lesser extent, it helps us move forward and offers groundbreaking solutions, even in traditionally static domains. One such area is football teams, where outdated and ineffective practices have persisted over the years. Despite being a globally influential sport, it has struggled to fully embrace the potential that it should have had in terms of modernization. That is why Let's Manage! introduces an innovative and unique approach. It aims to redefine the organization of football teams and what it implies in a new and efficient way, enhancing player performance while addressing their individual needs. This way, their qualities would be improved and they would facilitate indirect feedback for coaches and their teams
Aplicació de Gestió per a Entrenadors de Futbol
No full textLa tecnologia és cada vegada més present en molts aspectes de la nostra vida quotidiana. Des de l'ús diari dels nostres telèfons mòbils fins a aplicacions avançades com els algorismes d'intel·ligència artificial que prediuen malalties. En major o menor mesura, ens ajuda a avançar i ofereix solucions innovadores, fins i tot en camps tradicionals. Una d'aquestes àrees són els equips de futbol, on les pràctiques obsoletes i ineficaces han persistit al llarg dels anys. Tot i ser un esport amb influència mundial, ha lluitat per abraçar el potencial que hauria d'haver tingut en termes de modernització. És per això que Let's Manage! introdueix un enfocament innovador i únic. Pretén redefinir la organització dels equips de futbol i el que implica d'una manera eficaç, millorant el rendiment dels jugadors i adreçant les seves necessitats individuals. D'aquesta manera, es millorarien les seves qualitats i facilitarien el feedback indirecte pels entrenadors i els seus equips.Technology is increasingly present in many aspects of our daily lives. From the everyday use of our mobile devices to advanced applications like artificial intelligence algorithms predicting diseases. To a greater or lesser extent, it helps us move forward and offers groundbreaking solutions, even in traditionally static domains. One such area is football teams, where outdated and ineffective practices have persisted over the years. Despite being a globally influential sport, it has struggled to fully embrace the potential that it should have had in terms of modernization. That is why Let's Manage! introduces an innovative and unique approach. It aims to redefine the organization of football teams and what it implies in a new and efficient way, enhancing player performance while addressing their individual needs. This way, their qualities would be improved and they would facilitate indirect feedback for coaches and their teams
How to Navigate Ontology and Epistemology to Develop a Conceptual Framework?
No full textResearch philosophy seems to be one of the main challenges for new researchers, especially issues relating to ontology, epistemology and conceptual frameworks. Using my PhD thesis as a case study, this chapter explores ontological and epistemological dimensions and their links to the development of a conceptual framework when researching teacher mentors’ discourse(s). This chapter will also present the dilemmas I faced, my thinking and the rationale behind the decisions I made. By the end of this chapter, I hope I will have highlighted not only the importance of a well-thought-out research philosophy underpinning any research but also its alignment with conceptual frameworks, research methods and the production of findings
Initial Teacher Education in England during the COVID-19 Pandemic:One University’s Experience - From Challenge to the New Normal
No full textIn late March 2020, university-based schools of education across England were forced to close and cease in-person teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Online teaching and learning was quickly adopted, and while it was initially considered a provisional solution, it became apparent that such methods would remain for at least another academic year. The transition from traditional face-to-face teaching and learning to online environments required considerable modification of content, resources and the development of digital competences. Expectedly, concerns have been raised about the quality of provision and student support. Since the start of the crisis, there has been an increased interest in blended learning approaches to teacher education and different frameworks have been created to manage the new reality. However, research on the practical implications, the challenges that teacher educators face, and the innovative solutions embraced is scarce. Set in the English teacher education system, this chapter provides a critical overview of both the initial and continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on initial teacher education in a large UK University
El català a l’administració de justícia: una aproximació crítica a la normativa i a la jurisprudència sobre el règim lingüístic del poder judicial
No full textMàster Estudis Jurídics Especialitzats. Universitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Dret, 2025. Direcció: Enoch Albertí i Rovira[cat] La presència del català a l’administració de justícia, segons les dades oficials, és mínima, i el seu coneixement no és un requisit per a exercir funcions jurisdiccionals o al servei de l’administració de justícia a Catalunya. La finalitat d’aquest treball és estudiar la normativa interna i internacional sobre el règim lingüístic del poder judicial i detectar les limitacions de la normativa estatal a l’hora de garantir la presència i el coneixement de la llengua catalana a l’administració de justícia. L’estudi es basa en l’anàlisi del marc normatiu en matèria lingüística sobre el poder judicial, principalment a través de la normativa, la jurisprudència constitucional i la doctrina nacional i europea. A més, la investigació no queda circumscrita en l’estudi de les normes, sinó que també proposa els canvis legals necessaris per a garantir de manera efectiva els drets lingüístics dels ciutadans de Catalunya. Finalment, es presenten les dades sobre la realitat lingüística als jutjats catalans, les quals evidencien la necessitat de prendre mesures urgents si es vol revertir aquesta situació.[eng] The presence of the Catalan language in the justice system, according to official data, is at its lowest levels and it is not required to be a public servant in the judicial system in Catalonia. The purpose of this study is to research the internal and international regulations on the linguistic regime of the judiciary and to understand the limitations of state regulations when it comes to guaranteeing the presence and knowledge of the Catalan language in the justice system. The study is based on the analysis of the languages’ regulatory framework relating to matters on the judiciary, mainly through positive regulation, constitutional jurisprudence and national and European doctrine. In addition, the review is not limited to the study of the rules; it also proposes the legal changes necessary to effectively guarantee the linguistic rights of the citizens of Catalonia. Finally, the linguistic reality of the Catalan courts is presented with data that shows the need to take urgent measures if this situation is to be reversed
Market Research of Era 1920-1940 Styled Suits for Women and Men Based on Various Subcultures in Estonia
No full textKäesoleva lõputöö "ajastu 1920-1940 stiilis ülikondade ja kostüümide turu-uuring lähtuvalt erinevatest subkultuuridest Eestis" eesmärgiks oli välja selgitada 1920ndate- 1940ndate stiilis ülikondade ja kostüümide eeldatava turu potentsiaal. Eeldusliku sihtgrupi põhiparameetrid on subkultuurilise identiteedi potentsiaal, vanus, sugu ja sissetulek. Subkultuurilise identiteedi potentsiaali analüüsiti antud töö raames chap, hipster ja dändi kogukonnas. Selleks, et teada saada antud töö raames turupotentsiaali, teostas töö autor turu-uuringu, mille peamisteks meetoditeks olid küsitlus ning süvaintervjuu.The following thesis theme is „ Market Research of Era 1920-1940 Styled Suits for Women and Men Based on Various Subcultures in Estonia“. The main purpose of this thesis is to find out the potential market for suits of 1920s-1940s style. The basic parameters of the target group are potential of subcultural identity, age, sex and income. The potential of subcultural identity is analysed in the chap, hipster and dandy community, as such subcultural communities are the main representatives of the 1920s-1940s style. To reach the purpose goal of the thesis, the author has done following tasks: 1. To collect theoretical information to complete following tasks. 2. To describe current situation in Estonia’s market overall. 3. To carry out an survey in potential target group. 4. To conduct an interview with representative of three main target groups. 5. To determine, who are brand’s main competitors. 6. To analyze collected data and make suggestions
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