1,721,015 research outputs found
Associations of cannabis and tobacco consumption with psychotic-like-experiences in an adolescent sample.
No full textThe present study aims to investigate the relationship of cannabis and tobacco consumption and presence, as well as associated distress, of psychotic-like-experiences (PLEs) in an adolescent sample. With average ranging between 8-17%, PLEs have been shown to be most prevalent in adolescents (Kelleher 2012) and have also been identified as a risk factor of future psychotic disorders as well as other non-psychotic disorders (Healy et al., 2019). While PLE perseverance during adolescence has been shown to be a predictor of psychopathology in adulthood, PLE associated distress could also play a role in an individual's progression to psychosis (e.g. Nelson et al., 2020). Items assessing the presence of PLEs vary in their predictive power regarding the correct identification of individuals who actually experience PLEs (as assessed by subsequent clinical interviews) (Kelleher et al., 2011). This might overestimate the presence of participants actually presenting with PLEs and thus might not accurately assess associated risks of future psychopathology. Comparing participants based on items with high predictive power might be a more conservative approach.
Consumption of cannabis, has been associated with presence of PLEs (Ragazzi et al., 2018). Results from longitudinal studies suggest that an increase in cannabis consumption over time may be associated with an increase in the prevalence of PLEs (Bourque et al., 2017). Further, some studies suggest that tobacco consumption may also increase the risk of PLEs independently of cannabis consumption (Mackie et al., 2011; van Gastel et al., 2013; Mallet et al., 2018). Thus, we aim to investigate possible associations of PLEs, related distress and cannabis as well as tobacco consumption.
This study aims to further disentangle the associations of PLE presence, associated distress and substance consumption in adolescents from a german high school sample. Over the course of two years, adolescents from grades 8 through 10 at baseline will be surveyed four times (Baseline, 6-month follow-up, 12-month follow-up, 24-month follow-up). Measures include questionnaires about PLEs, depression, anxiety, behavioral problems and substance use.
This study is part of an umbrella study (YVORI_Pro), investigating predictors of the persistence of PLEs in a network analysis approach (see connected projects)
Social inclusion is always good, isn't it? A VR-based study to examine the effects of social overinclusion and exclusion on women with subclinical bulimic behaviours.
No full textThe current study is based on a study by Meneguzzo et al. (2023). Meneguzzo et al. (2023) studied how patients with different types of eating disorders (ED) react to social overinclusion or social exclusion in the cyberball paradigm. The current study focuses on females with either subclinical bulimic symptoms (ScB-group) or females with no bulimic symptoms (NoB-group) and on how they react to social overinclusion or social exclusion
Autism and VR
No full textThis project aims to examine the differences and relationships between people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and controls in terms of empathy (EQ), social anxiety (LSAS), and heart rate variability (HRV) in virtual reality (VR) social situations.
Previous research has shown that people with ASD often experience difficulties with empathy and social interactions and may exhibit increased social anxiety. Heart rate variability, an indicator of autonomic nervous system function, is considered as a potential biomarker for both empathy and social anxiety. Understanding HRV-response to social stressors and its connection to empathy is crucial for unraveling the physiological underpinnings of social behaviors in ASD.
By utilizing VR technology, we can create controlled social scenarios that provide realistic yet standardized interactions. These scenarios will enable us to assess empathy levels, social anxiety, and HRV in both ASD and control groups
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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