1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The effect of local government reform programme on enhancing farmers’ demand for reformed extension services in Kongwa, Bahi, Bukombe and Geita districts in Tanzania
No full textPhD ThesisReformed Extension Services were introduced by the Government of Tanzania to improve
the delivery of essential farm management skills and technologies in order to bridge the
gap between the actual and potential levels of farm productivity. These reforms were
brought about through decentralization under the Local Government Reform Programme
whereby public services were brought closer to farmers by increasing the number of
public extension agents while at the same time, encouraging the private sector to be a
major player in providing such services. Despite the adoption of Local Government
Reform Programme decentralization agenda that influenced the inception of Reformed
Extension Services, low level of crop productivity has been reported. This trend has been
one of the major challenges against achieving optimal farm productivity. This made it
imperative to assess the effects of this Programme in enhancing farmers’ demand for
reformed extension services in four districts of Bahi, Kongwa, Bukombe and Geita.
Specifically, the study examined farmers’ satisfaction with the provision of reformed
extension services, assessed farmers’ access to the reformed extension services,
determined factors that influence their level of accessibility, and lastly determined the
effects of the reformed extension services on productivity of key food crops including
maize, paddy, and sorghum. A cross-sectional survey was employed to collect data from
272 respondents who were selected through proportionate stratified sampling procedure.
Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and key informant interviews.
Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data while descriptive and multivariate
statistics were used to analyse quantitative data. The findings from a Likert scale revealed
that the level of farmers’ satisfaction with reformed extension services was higher at 77
against 29percent of dissatisfaction. Likewise, farmers’ satisfaction level was significantly
higher than dissatisfaction. The t-test for comparing means between strongly disagree to
disagree and agree to strongly agree attitudinal statements were significantly different at p
< 0.001. However, there was an increase in the delivery of extension services after the
reforms when compared to the times before the reforms. Moreover, a Probit model of
decision to access private and public reformed extension services and likewise a zerotruncated
Poisson regression model for the level of access to private and public reformed
extension services revealed and confirmed the importance of personal and household
attributes namely age and household size; farm/plot characteristics such as farm size, farm
distance, and land tenure; and socio-economic and institutional factors such as. on-farm
training, farmers groups, and access to credits) as important factors in determining access
to the reformed extension services. Finally, a linear production function whereby reformed
extension services were entered as inputs to farm production, among other inputs,
revealed that an increase in key farm inputs, labour in terms of man-days) and capital such
as pesticides and machinery, use of fertiliser, irrigation, and improved seeds together with
the reformed extension services enhanced farm productivity. Generally, the reformed
extension services were observed to be key ingredients in enhancing productivity.
Although the Local Government Reform Programme decentralization agenda was a
reality in making local government authorities become community-based administration
at district levels, not all farmers benefited from the reformed extension services within the
study area. Moreover, the reform agenda has shown that the interplay of public and
private actors in providing extension services has significantly increased accessibility and
farmers’ demand for the improved services. Thus, alongside the public sector efforts,
heightening operations of private actors and introduction of Public-Private Partnership
arrangements in the provision of extension services, have become competitive, and costeffective.
In addition, the reformed extension services have become productivity
improving inputs alongside with improving human capacity among farmers. It is therefore
recommended that extension services reforms which included engagement of the private
sector in the provision of the service should be maintained. Furthermore, it is
recommended that future focus of the extension service reforms should be strategic and
packaged specifically for individual crops in different agro-climatological zones in
Tanzania. This will lead to increase in productivity of these crops in the areas they are
produced
The effect of local government reform programme on enhancing farmers’ demand for reformed extension services in Kongwa, Bahi, Bukombe and Geita districts in Tanzania
No full textPhD ThesisReformed Extension Services were introduced by the Government of Tanzania to improve
the delivery of essential farm management skills and technologies in order to bridge the
gap between the actual and potential levels of farm productivity. These reforms were
brought about through decentralization under the Local Government Reform Programme
whereby public services were brought closer to farmers by increasing the number of
public extension agents while at the same time, encouraging the private sector to be a
major player in providing such services. Despite the adoption of Local Government
Reform Programme decentralization agenda that influenced the inception of Reformed
Extension Services, low level of crop productivity has been reported. This trend has been
one of the major challenges against achieving optimal farm productivity. This made it
imperative to assess the effects of this Programme in enhancing farmers’ demand for
reformed extension services in four districts of Bahi, Kongwa, Bukombe and Geita.
Specifically, the study examined farmers’ satisfaction with the provision of reformed
extension services, assessed farmers’ access to the reformed extension services,
determined factors that influence their level of accessibility, and lastly determined the
effects of the reformed extension services on productivity of key food crops including
maize, paddy, and sorghum. A cross-sectional survey was employed to collect data from
272 respondents who were selected through proportionate stratified sampling procedure.
Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and key informant interviews.
Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data while descriptive and multivariate
statistics were used to analyse quantitative data. The findings from a Likert scale revealed
that the level of farmers’ satisfaction with reformed extension services was higher at 77
against 29percent of dissatisfaction. Likewise, farmers’ satisfaction level was significantly
higher than dissatisfaction. The t-test for comparing means between strongly disagree to
disagree and agree to strongly agree attitudinal statements were significantly different at p
< 0.001. However, there was an increase in the delivery of extension services after the
reforms when compared to the times before the reforms. Moreover, a Probit model of
decision to access private and public reformed extension services and likewise a zerotruncated
Poisson regression model for the level of access to private and public reformed
extension services revealed and confirmed the importance of personal and household
attributes namely age and household size; farm/plot characteristics such as farm size, farm
distance, and land tenure; and socio-economic and institutional factors such as. on-farm
training, farmers groups, and access to credits) as important factors in determining access
to the reformed extension services. Finally, a linear production function whereby reformed
extension services were entered as inputs to farm production, among other inputs,
revealed that an increase in key farm inputs, labour in terms of man-days) and capital such
as pesticides and machinery, use of fertiliser, irrigation, and improved seeds together with
the reformed extension services enhanced farm productivity. Generally, the reformed
extension services were observed to be key ingredients in enhancing productivity.
Although the Local Government Reform Programme decentralization agenda was a
reality in making local government authorities become community-based administration
at district levels, not all farmers benefited from the reformed extension services within the
study area. Moreover, the reform agenda has shown that the interplay of public and
private actors in providing extension services has significantly increased accessibility and
farmers’ demand for the improved services. Thus, alongside the public sector efforts,
heightening operations of private actors and introduction of Public-Private Partnership
arrangements in the provision of extension services, have become competitive, and costeffective.
In addition, the reformed extension services have become productivity
improving inputs alongside with improving human capacity among farmers. It is therefore
recommended that extension services reforms which included engagement of the private
sector in the provision of the service should be maintained. Furthermore, it is
recommended that future focus of the extension service reforms should be strategic and
packaged specifically for individual crops in different agro-climatological zones in
Tanzania. This will lead to increase in productivity of these crops in the areas they are
produced
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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