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"Water wars"
No full texta thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Degree of Master of Lawsno abstractWindhoekNamibiaUniversity of NamibiaMaster of LawsSuccessfully Downloaded file :http://wwwisis.unam.na/theses/mapaure2009.pd
A critical legal analysis of the law, principles and practice of transboundary water lar in Southern Africa: The case of Okavango river basin
No full textA dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Law)The exponential rise in global population and its growing resource needs has led to an inevitable geometric rise in demand for water. At the centre of this growing demand is how nations relate to each other in the management of trans-boundary water resources. In analysing state relations in so far as transboundary water management and allocation is concerned, the central concept of equity becomes very important to consider. This dissertation is based on research on the Okavango River Basin, but also considers international law and other relevant comparative jurisdictions and river basins in Southern Africa and elsewhere. In order to answer the research questions, the literature that is applicable to the other river basins is extensively analysed. The research questions for this study moved from the general to the particular and were centred on the definition of equity and equitable water allocation. Also, the study considered the questions as to whether the inclusion of equitable language in transboundary water management and allocation agreements really makes a practical difference in transboundary water law at the basin level and in this light, whether the signing of the water agreements on the use and management of Okavango waters has led to conflict or cooperation. The concluding question focused on how the regime theory can help in understanding of interstate water co-operation and whether based on this understanding, a typology or model for Okavango River Basin can be constructed. The dissertation records some findings which include that the inclusion of equitable language does not in itself connote lack of conflict or cooperation. Further, the signing of water agreements on the use and management of Okavango waters has not been the sole cause of the apparent cooperation. The cooperation that exists is mainly out of political will or based on expectation of some economic benefit. It is emphasised in the dissertation that differences of opinion between the watercourse states are based not only on their legal views, but also on their material political and economic interests. The dissertation highlights many instances which show conflict.
This study was mainly desk-based and followed a mixed methodological approach. The analysis of data was based on some inductive strategy. The result of these methodologies and research paradigms was the development of a Five Pillar model out of the understanding from the regime theory. Based on this model, two Model Agreements applicable to the Okavango River basin were drafted and attached to the Dissertation as Annexes
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No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
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counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
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