1,720,955 research outputs found
T THE VICIOUS COUNTERATTACK: HOW CORRUPTION FIGHTS BACK AGAINST ANTI-CORRUPTION EFFORTS IN ZIMBABWEAN STATE-OWNED ENTITIES (SOEs).
No full textDespite numerous legal and institutional interventions, corruption remains entrenched in Zimbabwe’s state-owned enterprises (SOEs), affecting both public and private sectors. Current management and institutional systems have failed to effectively curb persistent corruption. Notably, limited scholarly attention has been given to crafting a governance-focused framework tailored to Zimbabwean SOEs. As a result, corruption continues to impair service delivery, economic progress, and citizens’ quality of life. This study employed qualitative content analysis to develop a governance-based institutional framework to address corruption in SOEs. Drawing on 30 empirical studies, it applied multiple theoretical lenses, chiefly X-inefficiency Theory, alongside Institutional, Stakeholder, and Expectancy theories. The findings revealed systemic corruption, driven by political interference, lack of political will, and fragile regulatory structures. Barriers such as policy voids, weak legislation, resource limitations, community disengagement, and negative perceptions were also identified. The study proposes a multi-dimensional framework involving stakeholder engagement, international benchmarking, SOE reform, regulatory enhancement, and capacity building. It also recommends boosting political commitment, investing in evidence-based research, establishing independent oversight bodies, and reinforcing the rule of law. Further research is needed to identify practical strategies for implementing these recommendations.
Key Words: Corruption, anti-corruption, Anti-corruption framework, state enterprises and governance approac
The Cost of Corruption in a Resource-Constrained Country: The Case of Zimbabwe
Full text linkDespite repeated reform efforts, corruption remains deeply entrenched across key institutions. Zimbabwe is now ranked 160 out of 180 in terms of the perceived levels of public sector corruption. Whilst the cost of corruption has remained un-assessed in most economic zones, Zimbabwe included, there is significant amount of evidence that suggests it has been widespread in most nations, including Zimbabwe. However, the consequences differ from one country to the other and from institution to institution. The cost of corruption in resource constrained environments, Zimbabwe has remained a grey area, unexplored and untheorised. Zimbabwe as a case remains a’ black box’. This study employed qualitative content analysis to assess the cost and impact of corruption in Zimbabwe. The study adopted a multi-theoretical framework encompassing Social Exchange Theory, Game Theory, White-Elephant Theory, and X-inefficiency Theory to adequately conceptualise the dynamics of corruption in Zimbabwe. These perspectives enable nuanced analysis of behavioural, institutional and structural dimensions of corruption. A purposive sample of 30 scholarly sources including peer-reviewed articles, institutional reports, and policy briefs from 2010 to 2024 was selected from academic databases and institutional platforms. Findings indicated that corruption eroded institutional accountability, exacerbated poverty and inequality, discouraged investment, undermined public services in health, education, infrastructure and natural resource sectors. Social cohesion was compromised, with rising public disillusionment and inequality in service access. The study concluded that corruption in Zimbabwe was multidimensional and pervasive, impeding national development goals. Addressing it required comprehensive reforms, including stronger transparency frameworks, independent oversight institutions, civic engagement and global cooperation on asset recovery. These measures were essential for restoring accountability, enhancing governance and achieving sustainable development. The study highlighted the need for further research into the psychosocial dimensions of corruption; how societal norms, expectations and historical injustices influenced corrupt behaviour.
The Vicious Counterattack: How Corruption Fights Back Against Anti-Corruption Efforts in Zimbabwean State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs).
Full text linkDespite numerous anti-corruption mechanisms within the Zimbabwean State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), little can be ascertained about the manner in which corruption proactively resists and adapts to such interventions. While prior research focuses on prevalence and effect, few examine the dynamic, vengeful processes by which corruption forestalls reform. This study bridges this gap by analyzing the ways in which corruption "pushes back" in global, African, and Zimbabwean SOEs, analyzing strategies such as lawfare, political intrusion, propaganda, infiltration of anti-corruption agencies, and intimidation of whistleblowers. Drawing on qualitative content analysis of recent literature, the study identifies patterns and localized dynamics and concludes that corruption evolves in step with governance reforms and is inclined to employ state machinery and legal instruments to stall accountability. In Zimbabwe, these are further exacerbated by lack of institutional resilience, elite complicity, and limited international enforcement. The report emphasizes the need for adaptive anti-corruption, in the form of greater institutional insulation, regional and international legal cooperation, and immunity for reformers. The study contributes theoretically by shifting corruption as an actor, in practice by outlining resilient anti-corruption system design, and policy-wise by encouraging political will, effective legal systems, and civic empowerment in SOEs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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