45 research outputs found
Synthetic Approach towards Potential Bioactive Heterocycles and Other Compounds
No full textNot availabl
General Ambient Temperature Benzylic Metalations Using Mixed-Metal Li/K-TMP Amide
No full textHighly
regioselective benzylic metalations in hydrocarbon solvent
have been achieved at rt and 0 °C using a mixed-metal Li/K-TMP
amide comprised of KO<i>t</i>Bu, BuLi, and 2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidine
(TMP(H)). Mixing of KO<i>t</i>Bu, BuLi, and TMP(H) in heptane
gave a solution of the base mixture which when used in deuterium labeling
experiments confirmed the requirement of the three reagent components
for both reactivity and selectivity. The reaction protocol is operationally
straightforward and found to be applicable to a broad range of substrates.
Upon generation of the metalated products, they are reacted in heptane
at ambient temperature in a variety of synthetically useful ways.
Illustrated examples include generation of the benzyltrimethylsilanes
and α,α-bis(trimethylsilyl)toluenes reagents, which are
bench-stable surrogates of benzyl anions and α-silyl carbanions
utilized for nucleophilic addition and Peterson olefination reactions.
Direct C–C couplings mediated by 1,2-dibromoethane provided
entries into bibenzyls and [2.2]metacyclophanes. Comparison of reaction
outcomes with the same reactions carried out in THF at −78
°C showed no negative effects for conducting the reactions under
these milder more user-friendly conditions
The Political Economy of India’s Fiscal Federal System and its Reform
No full textThis article examines recent and potential reforms in India’s fiscal federal system. We summarize key federal institutions in India, including tax and expenditure assignments, and mechanisms for Center-state transfers. We discuss the institutional process by which reforms can and do take place, including the role of academics, political influences, and especially institutions such as the Finance Commission. In contrast to the past, recent commissions have played a greater role in articulating an agenda for fiscal federal reform, which then proceeds through political bargaining. This change has taken place in the context of, and been influenced by, broader economic reform in India.intergovernmental transfers; economic reform; federalism; regional inequalities
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING CHUNKING A TEXT STRATEGY TOWARD STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION IN RECOUNT TEXT OF THE SECOND GRADE STUDENTS AT MTS MUJAHIDIN NGADILUWIH KEDIRI IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2018/2019
No full textABSTRACT
Aida, Riva Atul Nur. Student Registered Number. 17203153057. 2019. The
Effectiveness of Using Chunking a Text Strategy Towards Students’ Reading
Comprehension in Recount Text of The Second Grade Students at MTs
Mujahidin Ngadiluwih Kediri in academic year 2018/2019. Sarjana Thesis.
English Education Department. Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training.
State Islamic Institute (IAIN) of Tulungagung. Advisor: Muh. Basuni M.Pd.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Reading comprehension, Recount text, Chunking a
text.
Reading as a receptive skill has connection with comprehension to help
students in understanding whole information and ideas from the passages. It also
gains the interaction between reader and author. Therefore, to help students
interested in comprehending recount text like understanding whole information of
a text than understanding for each word, the use chunking a text strategy give a
contribution to improve student’ reading comprehension.
The formulation of the research was: Is there any significant differences on
students’ reading comprehension in recount text before and after taught using
chunking a text strategy?. Based on the formulation of research problem, the
purpose of this research problem was: to determine whether thereis signifficant
differences on students’ reading comprehension in recount text before and after
taught using chunking a text strategy.
The research design of this study was pre-experimental reseach with
quantitative approach. The population of this research was the second grade of
students at MTs Mujahidin Ngadiluwih Kediri which consist of 90 students. The
sample of this research was B class consist of14 male and 16 female students. The
research instrument was reading comprehension test which is in the form of
multiple choices that consist of 20 questions. To measure the data analysis of pre
test and post-tes was using Paired sample T-test with IBM SPSS 16.0.
The result showed that the mean of students’ score before being taught by
using chunking a text strategy was 63.50 and the students’ mean after being taught
by using chunking a text strategy improved to be 80.50. In addition, the result of
statistical computation used T-test with IBM SPSS 16.0, showed that the
signifficance value was 0.00. It meant that signifficance value was lower than
signifficance level (0.00<0.05). The result of signifficance value indicated that the
null hypothesis (ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (ha) is not rejected. It
means there was signifficance on the students’ reading comprehension in recount
text before and after being taught by using chunking a text strategy at MTs
Mujahidin Ngadiluwih Kediri
Convexity of quotients of theta functions
No full textAbstractFor fixed u and v such that 0⩽u<v<1/2, the monotonicity of the quotients of Jacobi theta functions, namely, θj(u|iπt)/θj(v|iπt), j=1,2,3,4, on 0<t<∞ has been established in the previous works of A.Yu. Solynin, K. Schiefermayr, and Solynin and the first author. In the present paper, we show that the quotients θ2(u|iπt)/θ2(v|iπt) and θ3(u|iπt)/θ3(v|iπt) are convex on 0<t<∞
Synthesis of novel biologically active methylene derivatives of sydnones
No full textA series of mono and bis N-Mannich bases incorporating 3-(4-methylphenyl)- 4-(substituted-1/4-ylmethyl)sydnone scaffolds were synthesized and tested for their antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, and antiviral activities. Most of the compounds showed moderate-to-significant antibacterial and antifungal activities. The compounds did not show selective activity against HIV. Some of the compounds have been evaluated for anticancer activity, but they were found as poorly active. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by IR and NMR spectroscopy. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.sponsorship: One of the author (STA) would like to express his gratitude to the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA for anticancer activity data. He also wants to thank the University Grants Commission, New Delhi for providing a Research Fellowship. He is also grateful to Atul Limited, Valsad and Ami Organics, Sachin for providing useful chemicals. (University Grants Commission, New Delhi)status: Publishe
What macroeconomic policies are"sound?"
No full textMost people agree that the soundness of macroeconomic policies should be judged by their efficacy in meeting the objectives of steady growth, full employment, stable prices, and a viable external payments situation. What people debate about are the links between macroeconomics and economic structure--and in the current environment, the openness to foreign capital flows. As developing countries become more integrated into international financial markets, volatility may become an increasing fact of life. Faced with such volatility, how should these countries frame their macroeconomic policies? What broad principles should guide their macroeconomic management? In many developing countries, the openness of the capital account has been significant. Many countries have made the transition toward an open-economic paradigm. As a result, fluctuations in international capital and currency markets, as well as shifts in foreign investors'attitudes and confidence, have greatly affected local stock market prices, the level of foreign exchange reserves, and the scope for monetary and interest rate policy. Capital controls and foreign exchange restrictions have been significantly dismantled in a number of developing and transition economies. In 1970, only 34 countries--or 30 percent of the International Monetary Fund's membership-had assumed Article VIII of the IMF Articles of Agreement, declaring their currency convertible on current account transactions. By 1997, this figure had increased to 77 percent. Does financial integration make it more difficult to achieve macroeconomic stability? Apparently not, on the whole, although at times large short-term capital flows can lead to misaligned asset prices, including exchange rates. What financial integration does do is limit how far countries can pursue policies incompatible with medium-term financial stability. The disciplining effect of global financial and product markets applies not only to policymakers-through pressures on financial markets-but also to the private sector. Rather than constrain the pursuit of appropriate policies, globalization may add leverage and flexibility to such policies, easing financing constraints and extending the time during which countries can make adjustments. But markets will provide this leeway only if they perceive that countries are undertaking adjustments that address fundamental choices.Economic Theory&Research,Fiscal&Monetary Policy,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Macroeconomic Management
Karakteristik Rasm dalam Manuskrip Mushḥaf Al-Qur’an KH. Abdul Hamid Chasbullah
No full textOne of the Qur'an manuscripts from the 20th century is the written version (mushḥaf) KH. Abdul Hamid Chasbullah. The mushḥaf is evidence of the historical heritage of the ulama of Nusantara who have special attention in the field of copying the Qur'an manuscripts. In this study, the author will examine the general description of the mushḥaf and the characteristics of the rasm by referring to the rules of Sheikh Jalal Al-din Al-Suyuthi in the book Al-Itqan fi Ulum Qur'an. The method that the author uses is qualitative research that leads to library research, by using observation tools, interviews, and documentation of the manuscript. The findings of this study are first, this mushḥaf is kept intact (not scattered) although some sheets have been lost and eaten by termites. This 32.3 x 21 x 7.5(cm) mushḥaf was written for the personal use of the copyist. It can be seen that there aren’t illustration and illumination aspects. Second, from the analysis of surah Al-Baqarah juz 2, the copying of this mushḥaf still adheres to the basics of mixed rules between the rasm utsmani and imla'i. Likewise, in terms of qira'at, this mushḥaf mostly uses the history of Imam Hafs 'an Ashim, but some words use mixed history
