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Hertzian Fields: Exploring WiFi microwave signals as a spatial and embodied sensing medium for art
No full textThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2023This dissertation is centered around a series of three artworks (Hertzian Fields) that explore WiFi as a spatial and embodied sensing medium. These works use a new sensing technique developed by the author that leverages the interference of the human body on WiFi signals to create highly responsive live performance and interactive systems. Hertzian Field #1 (2014) is an augmented reality immersive environment using sound to explore the materiality of WiFi communication through its interaction with space and the human body. Hertzian Field #2 (2016) is a 20'-25' augmented reality immersive performance for solo performer, WiFi fields, computers and surround sound that conjures a phenomenology of the hertzian medium explored through sound and movement. The Water Within (Hertzian Field #3 and #3.1) is a reactive wet sauna: an intimate multi-sensory environment of complete immersion, combining WiFi sensing fields, machine listening software, embedded 3D sound, hot steam, and architectural design. Steered by the flows and variable densities of water molecules traced in steam and bodies by (ab)using WiFi, it creates a regenerative post-relational experience that celebrates interference, signal-loss, and disconnecting. The piece exists in two iterations and formats: an interactive installation (2016) and a composed interactive experience (2018).
The dissertation describes the author's conceptual and technical approach in using WiFi microwave signals as an artistic medium. It also examines the background, context, ideas and research processes that led to the creation of these works. In doing so, it lays the foundation for developing a better and deeper understanding of microwaves and WiFi signals, investigates their artistic potential, and discusses related approaches by other artists.
Chapter One (Introduction: The hertzian medium) introduces core ideas and concepts regarding the medium. This includes: a discussion on the impact of wirelessness in contemporary living and how it has transformed our interactions with and understanding of the world; an overview of the physics of electromagnetism and the electromagnetic spectrum; and an investigation of the hertzian (i.e. radio and microwaves) as a multilayered medium consisting of seven interconnected layers: physics, science, imagination, engineering, use, impact, regulation.
Chapter Two (The birth of a medium: Energy becomes technology) introduces a media archaeological approach as a method for grasping what the medium affords, and how our imagination of what we can use it for has developed over time. It presents an overview of key developments in hertzian science, imagined and realized applications, and their impact. This chapter focuses primarily on the early years around Heinrich Hertz’s discovery of electromagnetism, looking at the birth of wireless technologies relevant to the Hertzian Field series: communication, broadcast, hacking and electronic warfare, navigation, meteorology, radio astronomy, and radar, before closing with a section on the development of WiFi.
Chapter Three (Radar and Direction-Finding in sonic art and beyond) surveys musical instruments and artworks based on spatial and/or embodied uses of the hertzian as a sensing medium. The emphasis is on sound-centric practices and specific technologies that have been used to this extent: from capacitative / electric field sensing, to musical instruments utilizing direction-finding principles, to spatial uses of broadcast radio, to doppler radar systems. Instruments discussed include: Theremin and Terpsitone; Pupitre d'Espace; Radio Baton; Marimba Lumina. Artworks by the following artists are examined: Max Neuhaus; Edwin van der Heide; Christina Kubisch; John Cage; Philippa Cullen; Liz Phillips; Sonia Cillari; Tetsuo Kogawa; Anna Friz; Edward Ihnatowicz; Steve Mann; Joe Paradiso / MIT Lab; Arthur Elsenaar; Godfried-Willem Raes.
Chapter Four (First hertzian explorations: From the network to the body, from WiFi to Radar) turns to the author's own work. It presents the first phase (2010-14) of his research trajectory on the hertzian medium, and introduces three projects in which he explored WiFi and broadcast radio.
Chapter Five (Ubiquitous sensing with radio waves and microwaves) dives into the technological context influencing the author's research. It introduces the field of Ubiquitous Sensing and discusses relevant localization and device-free sensing techniques, concluding with a discussion on the physics and biological factors involved so as to comprehend how and why such techniques work.
Chapter Six (Wireless Information Retrieval: Sensing with WiFi signals) presents the device-free WiFi-sensing technique that the author developed for the Hertzian Field series. Combining elements from Ubiquitous Sensing and Music Information Retrieval, this technique performs multi-layered feature extraction on the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) of WiFi Beacon frames to deduce a variety of information related to the movement of uninstrumented bodies, and to changes in environmental factors (e.g. humidity).
Chapter Seven (Composing Hertzian Fields) discusses strategies for creating works with this technique, and examines the three works of the Hertzian Field series in detail. It finally touches on ideas for future work by the author
OpenSees_Model_Generator
No full textA simple Python package for pre and post processing of 3D models powered by OpenSees.
https://ioannis-vm.github.io/OpenSees_Model_Generator
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Images of sculptures in the poetry of Giorgis Manousakis
No full textThe imagery of fragmentary sculptures, statues and stones appears often in Modern Greek Poetry in connection with the question of Modern Greeks’ relation to ancient Greek past and legacy. Many famous poets such as the first Nobel Prize winner in literature, George Seferis (1900-1971), as well as Yannis Ritsos (1909-1990) frequently use sculptural imagery in order to allude to, among other things, though in different approaches, the classical past and its existence in modern conscience as a part of cultural identity. In the present paper we focus on some selected poems by a well-known Cretan poet Giorgis Manousakis (1933-2008) from his collection “Broken Sculptures and Bitter Plants” (Σπασμένα αγάλματα και πικροβότανα, 2005), trying to shed some light on his very peculiar usage of sculpture imagery in comparison with the earlier Greek poets. We attempt to categorize Manousakis’ metaphors and allusions regarding the symbolism of sculptures in correlation with existential motives of his poetry and the poet’s attitude to the classical legacy
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
INTEGRAL detects the hard X-ray brightening of 4U 1630-47
No full textAuthors:- A. Bodaghee, A. Popp, V. Grinberg, A. Manousakis, M. Turler, E. Bozzo, C. Ferrigno, J. A. Tomsick, R. Duro, N. Hell, I. Miskovicova, M. Obst, J. Wilms, A. Lohfink, D. Marcu, Katja Pottschmidt, M. Cadolle Bel, E. Kuulkers, J. Rodriguez, R. Krivonos, J. Chenevez, A. Paizis, J. Kennea, P. Romano, P. R. den Hartog, N. Barriere, V. Beckmann, S. Soldihttps://astronomerstelegram.org/?read=394
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
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