64 research outputs found
Concentration and characterization of microalgae proteins from Chlorella pyrenoidosa
No full textBackground: Many methods are available for the concentration of proteins; however, most are not easily scalable due to costs, the need of specialized instruments and skilled workers or are very time-consuming. Three-phase partitioning (TPP) is a separation technique that has gained a lot of interest due to its rapid, simple and scalable use for concentration, isolation and decontamination of proteins from crude samples with high recovery yields. In the present work, the effect of various parameters of TPP was evaluated to optimize the concentration of proteins from Chlorella pyrenoidosa (CP), is green algae that increasingly being used as food supplements because of its positive impacts on human health. Results: Chlorella pyrenoidosa was cultivated in a closed system under controlled conditions. After reaching maximum growth, the microalgae was harvested, dried and powdered. Afterwards, TPP of CP cell lysate was done to concentrate protein content. To maximize protein concentration, various parameters were optimized such as solvent (t-butanol), ammonium sulphate concentration (40 % w/v), solid load (0.75 g/20 mL), pH (6), incubation time (20 min), slurry to butanol ratio (1:1.5) and enzymatic treatment (combination of Stargen™ and Carezyme™). Also, total starch, cellulose and carbohydrate content before and after the enzymatic treatment were determined to comprehend the impact of enzymatic treatment on protein concentration. Using these optimized parameters, 78.1 % w/w protein concentration was obtained in middle protein concentrate phase. This protein concentrate was characterizedfor proximate composition, colour analysis, water holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, foaming capacity, foam stability, amino acid composition, protein quality and thermal properties. Conclusion: Various process parameters of TPP influence the protein concentration of middle protein concentrate phase. Enzymatically treated biomass also enhanced protein concentration in middle protein concentrate phase. Characterization of protein concentrate revealed the presence high-quality protein. Therefore, it is possible to implement TPP at an industrial scale for protein concentration.Fil: Waghmare, Ashish G.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; IndiaFil: Salve, Manoj K.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; IndiaFil: Leblanc, Jean Guy Joseph. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Arya, Shalini S.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; Indi
Treatment outcomes of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis under programmatic management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, at tertiary care center in Mumbai
No full textBackground: This study was undertaken to analyze the clinical profile and treatment outcome in pulmonary drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) patients under programmatic management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (PMDT) at a tertiary care center in Mumbai. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at PMDT site of a tertiary care hospital. The data of 194 pulmonary multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB patients diagnosed at our hospital or prediagnosed patients referred to our hospital were meticulously reviewed to study demography, baseline drug susceptibility to first- and second-line drugs, treatment outcomes, comorbidities, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Results: Out of 194 patients, 48.4% (68 cured + 26 treatment completed) were successfully treated, 22 (11.3%) failed on therapy, 39 (20.15%) patients died, 23 (11.8%) defaulted, 26 (13.4%) completed treatment with outcomes unknown, 13 (6.7%) were transferred out and in 3 patients (1.5%) treatment was stopped due to ADRs. Most common ADRs were gastrointestinal 32 (16.4%) and psychiatric 37 (19%). However, there was no statistical significance between the prevalence of ADRs and unfavorable outcomes. Most common comorbidities were GERD 27 (40.2%) and diabetes mellitus 22 (32.8%). Conclusion: Baseline drug susceptibility testing (DST) with rapid diagnostic tests, performing DST for second-line drugs, i.e., fluoroquinolones and aminoglycoside and modification of treatment regimen based on the same at start of MDR treatment has prime importance. Early detection of ADR's and comorbidities and their prompt treatment are also equally important
Conscious Quantum Gravity Theory
No full textTitle: Conscious Quantum Gravity Theory (CQGT): Integrating Consciousness into the Fabric of Reality
Author: Aniket Girish Waghmare
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Abstract: The search for a unifying theory that reconciles quantum mechanics and general relativity has remained elusive for over a century. In this paper, we propose a novel hypothesis: that consciousness is not an emergent property of neural complexity, but rather a fundamental, non-local field with quantum and gravitational characteristics. Termed the Conscious Quantum Gravity Theory (CQGT), this framework posits consciousness as a primary field interacting with both space-time curvature and quantum wave functions, thereby offering a new pathway toward a unified theory of everything.
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1. Introduction
Quantum mechanics and general relativity are the two pillars of modern physics. Yet, despite their individual successes, these theories have proved fundamentally incompatible when applied at the extremes of black holes and the Big Bang. The core contradiction lies in the probabilistic nature of quantum physics versus the deterministic geometry of general relativity. Numerous approaches such as string theory, loop quantum gravity, and M-theory have attempted to bridge the gap, but none have produced a testable, widely accepted theory.
This paper introduces a third component potentially missing from the current physical models: consciousness. We argue that consciousness may be a fundamental force or field that coexists with the known forces of nature and plays a role in the very structure of the universe.
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2. Theoretical Basis
2.1 Consciousness as a Non-Local Field
Consciousness is here proposed to be a field ("C-field") with intrinsic quantum properties:
It exists independently of biological substrates.
It is non-local and can influence spatially separated systems (echoing quantum entanglement).
It may carry an energetic signature akin to mass, thus interacting gravitationally.
2.2 The Observer Effect Revisited
In quantum mechanics, the observer plays a mysterious but critical role in collapsing wavefunctions. If the observer's consciousness is itself a quantum field, this might explain the discontinuity between superposition and observed outcomes.
2.3 Interaction with Gravity
We propose that the C-field interacts with space-time via a modified form of the Einstein Field Equations:
G_{\mu\nu} + C_{\mu\nu} = 8\pi G T_{\mu\nu}
Where C_{\mu\nu} represents the energetic and informational impact of the consciousness field on space-time geometry.
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3. Addressing Unification Roadblocks
Challenge CQGT Implication
Incompatibility of quantum theory and gravity The C-field provides a mediating layer of coherence
Lack of dark matter/energy explanation C-field energy may constitute a measurable portion of these phenomena
Measurement problem in quantum mechanics Observer consciousness as a quantum-gravitational entity resolves this
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4. Predictions and Testability
Modified Double Slit Experiments: Involving coherent human intention may demonstrate C-field influence on photon behavior.
Neural-Quantum Interaction: Advanced neuroimaging could detect quantum coherence in brain microtubules (as per Penrose-Hameroff model).
Cosmological Signatures: Consciousness-based anisotropies may exist in the cosmic microwave background or gravitational wave spectrum.
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5. Implications
Unified Theory of Everything: Consciousness becomes the linking principle across all physical laws.
Death and Continuity of Self: If consciousness is fundamental and non-local, individual awareness may persist beyond physical death.
Technology: Future tech may allow for interfacing with the C-field to influence physical reality directly (e.g., healing, communication, transport).
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6. Conclusion
The Conscious Quantum Gravity Theory (CQGT) suggests a paradigm shift in our understanding of the universe: that consciousness is not a byproduct, but a building block of reality. Integrating this field into our theoretical models may resolve long-standing paradoxes in physics and provide a coherent, unified framework for understanding existence at all scales.
This theory invites rigorous exploration, both theoretically and experimentally, and offers a potential bridge not only between quantum mechanics and gravity but also between science and experience.
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Contact: Aniket Girish Waghmare
[+919819672521 / [email protected]]
Keywords: Consciousness, Quantum Gravity, Unified Theory, Observer Effect, C-field, Dark Matter, Conscious Univers
Freeze‐Drying of Probiotics for the Incorporation in Functional Foods: Drying Process, Viability, and Powder Properties
No full textBOOK TITLE: Freeze Drying of Food Products: Fundamentals, Processes and Applications
Chapter name: Freeze-Drying of Probiotics for the Incorporation in Functional Foods, KÜÇÜKATA YASEMİN ŞEFİKA, KIRTIL HATİCE EBRAR, ERMİŞ ERTAN, Publisher: Wiley, Editor: Roji Balaji Waghmare, Manoj Kumar, Parmjit Singh Panesar - Pages : 286, ISBN:978-1-119-98208-1, Page range:153 -178Food industry faces challenges in developing stable dried functional food components and foods incorporating live probiotic cultures that maintain high viable cell loads at the time of consumption. The freeze-drying technique is promising for producing functional food ingredients (i.e. probiotics) that are stable and have a long shelf life. However, the stability of freeze-dried probiotics during the processing steps and storage is an essential concern for developing functional foods. Numerous issues need to be addressed concerning the viability and stability of probiotics during freeze-drying and storage. In addition, the effect of powder and particle properties on the dissolution in food formulations and recovery levels in the gastrointestinal tract holds many challenges. This chapter reviews the most recent research and advances in this field
Pulmonary Talco-silicosis in a Balloon Making Industry Worker
No full textWe report a case of a thirty eight year old lady, working in balloon making industry. She was referred to us in view of incidental chest X-ray changes found during preoperative pulmonary evaluation. She was asymptomatic from respiratory point of view. Chest Xray was suggestive of bilateral reticulonodular opacities. HRCT thorax revealed interstitial lung disease. Spirometry was suggestive of restrictive abnormality. Subsequently the powder which patient used to instill in balloon before inflating was brought for analysis which revealed 32.73% silica. Hence diagnosis of talco-silicosis was made, in the absence of any other cause for lung involvement
Stridor Post-Pneumonectomy - “The Post-pneumonectomy Syndrome”
No full textWe report a case of a 33 year old lady who presented to
our department with complaints of breathlessness and
stridor. On enquiry she gave history of right
pneumonectomy for right main bronchus carcinoid 15
years ago. Chest X-ray as initial investigation showed
homogenous opacity in right hemothorax with
mediastinal shift to right. Computed tomography of
thorax showed post-pneumonectomy status with left
lower lobe bronchus compression between the aorta
and main pulmonary artery with post obstructive
overinflation of left lower lobe. Spirometry was
suggestive of an obstructive abnormality. Diagnosis of
post-pneumonectomy syndrome was made and patient
was treated with inhaled corticosteroids and inhaled
long acting beta2 agonist
Simulation and study of three phase voltage source multilevel inverter with reduced switch count
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