73 research outputs found
Major sporting events amid monkeypox and COVID-19 outbreaks: Considering the impact upon the traveller
No full textAcross 2022, international travel began to return to more typical patterns, including spectators at major sporting events. For example, in October 2022, the T20 cricket world cup is being held in Australia, and the football world cup begins in Qatar in the Middle East in November 2022. These events would be attended by several hundred thousand visitors from multiple countries. However, the COVID-19 pandemic is far from over, and the monkeypox outbreak has also been declared a global emergency. Organizing sports events under such conditions pose specific challenges for organizers. However, measures taken to prevent the spread of these infections also influence the ability of spectators to travel and their experiences when they arrive..
Local Election's Outputs after Federalism in Nepal
No full textPolitical representation is believed to be a tool
to enhance the competency of Indigenous women. It is
also acknowledged as a factor for the socio-political
empowerment and advancement of the communities they
represent. However, it is always fascinating to explore
what political representation meant to them, why and
how they could come to represent, and how
consequential and substantial their representation was.
This paper interprets the construction from the
narratives that come through one to one interviews with
Indigenous women in Kakani Rural Municipality [Hill
region] as well as Madhavnarayan Municipality,
Rautahat [Terai region].The opportunities and
challenges of their political representation at the local
level. After gathering the narratives, the data is
discussed to reach the conclusion that political
representation can be a gateway to enhance the
leadership potential of Indigenous women. The research
reveals that political representation is taken as a crucial
tool for enhancement of their competency and it can
support the empowerment of the community one
represents, though there are some issues to be addressed
with due time and efforts. Lack of prior experience not
only constrained their political mobility and
advancement but also, in situations, their male
colleagues and the ward chairman intimidated them due
to their politically inexperienced background. For some
others, their own community too was not excited with
their election process or their roles at the local
government. Higher levels of political socialization and
leadership training would be more goal-oriented
Pattern of Cancer in Nepal from 2003 to 2011
No full textCorrection: On 15th January 2017, the authors Sunil Kumar Sah and Naval Kishor Yadav were added to the author list.Cancer is global burden of disease in developed and developing countries. It is one of the main causes of death. The environmental factor and life styles are major causes of cancer.This hospital based retrospective study was carried out using data retrieved from the register maintained at seven cancer centers. The most common basis of diagnosis were microscopic (histopathological and cytopathological examination). The diagnosis was also based on clinical examination, radiological examination, endoscopy, biochemical and immunological tests.Most of the cancer cases were diagnosed at BPKMCH (23908) followed by BPKIHS (9668) and BH (5959) and few cases from KCH (518) in 2003 to 2011. The total number of cancer cases were increasing from 2003 to 2011 and it become double in 2011. Out of 75 district of Nepal, more number of cancer cases was found in Kathmandu, Sunsari, Morang, Chitwan, Lalitpur, Jhapa, Kaski, Nawalparasi, Rupendehi and Kavrepalchowk in 2010. Similarly, in 2011 more number of cancer cases was found in Kathmandu, Morang, Jhapa, Sunsari, Chitwan, Lalitpur, Rupendehi, Kaski, Saptari, Bhaktapur. Lung cancer was the common cancer and similarly, other prevalent cancers were cervical, breast, stomach, ovarian and colo-rectum cancer in 2003 to 2011. The common cancers were lung, cervical, breast, stomach, ovarian and colo-rectum. The number of patients is increasing, which may be due to change in life style and lack of education
Modification of structure and pattern of lipid monolayer on water and solid surfaces in presence of globular protein
No full textSocial determinants of the mental health of pregnant women in Nepal: Stakeholder perspectives.
No full textWomen during pregnancy are at a greater risk of experiencing poor mental health, which is one of the major global public health issues, and more so in many developing countries like Nepal, but limited evidence of research on this topic is evident. In this paper, we are focused on exploring the social determinants of the mental health of pregnant women in Nepal from the stakeholder perspectives. This paper utilises eight stakeholder perspectives collected through open-ended in-depth interviews. All the interviews were analysed thematically using an inductive approach. This paper presents three major findings: Inadequate social support, Limited availability and accessibility of maternal health services, and Restricted socioeconomic and cultural context. The inadequate social support from family/relatives, neighbours, community and national policies such as maternity leave, alongside the absence of NGOs/INGOs support, put women at risk of poor mental health. In addition to the inadequate support, limited availability and accessibility of maternal health services potentially cause immense distress among pregnant women. Furthermore, in the context of a patriarchal society, the impact of socioeconomic and cultural context on pregnant women's mental health is also presented as a major determinant of poor mental health among pregnant women. Based on the findings, we conclude that pregnant women are at risk of poor mental health experiences in Nepal and recommend that promoting mental health among pregnant women needs a multifaceted approach that should be considered in all the policies and practices involved in promoting the mental health of pregnant women. [Abstract copyright: Copyright: © 2024 Sah et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Mifepristone versus intracervical prostaglandin E2 gel for cervical ripening in primigravid patients at term
No full textBackground: The cervix has to play dual role in human reproduction. During pregnancy, it should remain firm and closed allowing the fetus to grow in utero until functional maturity is attained while during labour it should soften and dilate, allowing the fetus to pass through the birth canal. Objective of present study was to know and compare the effect of oral Mifepristone with intracervical dinoprostone gel for cervical priming prior to induction of labour at term in an unfavorable cervix of primigravida.Methods: This was prospective randomized comparative study. 100 primigravid patients were included, 50 were placed in each group A and B. Tablet Mifepristone 200mg orally was given in group A patients and intracervical dinoprostone gel induction was done in group B patients. Pre induction Bishop’s score was noted at beginning to compare improvement in Bishop’s score after induction. Mode of delivery and induction to delivery interval in both the groups were studied.Results: After induction with Mifepristone 76% women had successful cervical ripening as compared to 56% with dinoprostone. Rate of vaginal delivery was 70% with Mifepristone and 58% with dinoprostone. There was no significant difference in induction to delivery interval between the groups. Ten percent and 2% belonging to mifepristone and dinoprostone group respectively, required NICU admissions.Conclusions: Mifepristone is more effective than dinoprostone for preinduction cervical ripening as it has high success rate of achieving cervical ripening, however there is no significant difference in the vaginal delivery rate and other maternal and fetal outcome.</jats:p
Hyponatremia in Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia
No full textIntroduction: Community acquired pneumonia is one the frequent cause of hospital admissions. Whereas, hyponatremia is a common electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized patients and has been shown to be associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. We aim to studyt the association of hyponatremia with community acquired pneumonia in terms of morbidity and mortality.
Methods: A prospective observational hospital based study was conducted in a hospital for a year. All patients with a diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia and admitted in medicine ward, were included. Patients with diarrhea, known Chronic Kidney Disease, Heart Failure, Cirrhosis of Liver, Malignancy, taking diuretics, chemical pneumonitis, interstitial pneumonias and other debilitating disease were excluded.
Results: Among the 72 cases of CAP, 61% were females and 39% were males. The mean age of patients was 51.3 years, 22 (30.55%) patients had severe CAP. A total of 7 cases expired with an overall mortality of 13.7%. The mortality risk increased with increasing CURB-65 score; CURB-65 score 0, 0%; CURB-65 score 1, 0%; CURB-65 score 2, 0%; CURB-65 score 3, 10%; CURB-65 score 4, 33%; CURB-65 score 5, 100%. i.e higher the CURB-65 score, higher the death rate of CAP patients (p<0.05). Hyponatremia was a common occurrence at hospital admission with an incidence of 36.11%. Hyponatremia at hospital admission was also associated with a longer length of hospital stay in cured CAP patients. The mean length of hospital stay was 4.3 days.
Conclusions: High CURB-65 scores and lower values of serum sodium at admission in patients of CAP are associated with adverse outcomes both in terms of mortality and longer length of hospital stay. CURB-65 score should be incorporated into assessment of CAP and sodium of the patients during admission.
Keywords: CURB-65 score; hyponatremia; mortality. | PubMe
Hyponatremia in Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia
No full textIntroduction: Community acquired pneumonia is one the frequent cause of hospital admissions. Whereas, hyponatremia is a common electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized patients and has been shown to be associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. We aim to studyt the association of hyponatremia with community acquired pneumonia in terms of morbidity and mortality.
Methods: A prospective observational hospital based study was conducted in a hospital for a year. All patients with a diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia and admitted in medicine ward, were included. Patients with diarrhea, known Chronic Kidney Disease, Heart Failure, Cirrhosis of Liver, Malignancy, taking diuretics, chemical pneumonitis, interstitial pneumonias and other debilitating disease were excluded.
Results: Among the 72 cases of CAP, 61% were females and 39% were males. The mean age of patients was 51.3 years, 22 (30.55%) patients had severe CAP. A total of 7 cases expired with an overall mortality of 13.7%. The mortality risk increased with increasing CURB-65 score; CURB-65 score 0, 0%; CURB-65 score 1, 0%; CURB-65 score 2, 0%; CURB-65 score 3, 10%; CURB-65 score 4, 33%; CURB-65 score 5, 100%. i.e higher the CURB-65 score, higher the death rate of CAP patients (p<0.05). Hyponatremia was a common occurrence at hospital admission with an incidence of 36.11%. Hyponatremia at hospital admission was also associated with a longer length of hospital stay in cured CAP patients. The mean length of hospital stay was 4.3 days.
Conclusions: High CURB-65 scores and lower values of serum sodium at admission in patients of CAP are associated with adverse outcomes both in terms of mortality and longer length of hospital stay. CURB-65 score should be incorporated into assessment of CAP and sodium of the patients during admission.
Keywords: CURB-65 score; hyponatremia; mortality. | PubMe
Effect of Boosting Solar Radiation Intensity on Thermal and Hydraulic Performance and Characteristics of Forced Circulation Food Dryer Provided with Roughened Solar Air Heater
No full textThis paper focus on effects of boosting solar intensity on the thermal performance of solar food dryer coupled with roughened solar heater. Boosting of solar intensity increases the temperature of air entering into the food dryer without changing the specific humidity. The methods which have been used to increase the intensity of incidence radiation on the collector of food dryer are plane mirrors with tracking, parabolic reflectors and compound parabolic concentrator. It has been observed experimentally that boosting intensity improves performance characteristics of solar air heater and food dryer. It increases collector efficiency, dryer efficiency, loss of moisture content and diminishes the moisture content in the product at any time
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