1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Exergaming to improve balance and decrease the risk of falling in individuals with knee osteoarthritis
No full textBackground: The benefits of exercise to improve balance and reduce the risk of falls is well-recognised in the older-adult literature. However, little attention is paid to people with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. While there is evidence of an increasing number of falls in adults with knee OA, the contributing factors for falling has not been substantially investigated. Exergaming (exercise and gaming) is useful in improving balance in a range of health conditions, yet there is limited research regarding its application to people with knee OA.
Aim: The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of exergaming using Nintendo Wii Fit™ to improve balance and reduce the risk of falls in individuals with knee OA. Secondary aims were to identify the risk factors for falls in adults with knee OA and to examine the strength of relationship between falling and clinical characteristics such as dynamic balance, pain, instability, muscle strength, and physical function in adults with knee OA.
Methods: The main study utilised a mixed-methods, explanatory sequential study design (quantitative followed by qualitative design) to determine the feasibility of exergaming. Nested in this thesis were two literature reviews and a cross-sectional study, all conducted to inform the design of the main study. A systematic review was conducted to identify published evidence on the risk factors for falls in adults with knee OA. The findings from the systematic review informed the risk factors for falls explored in the cross-sectional study. A narrative synthesis of exergaming literature using Nintendo Wii Fit™ was conducted to determine dosage and parameters of the exergaming intervention in the main study.
Results: Findings from the systematic review included moderate evidence for impaired balance, decreased knee muscle strength, an increasing number of symptomatic joints, and the presence of comorbidities as risk factors for falls in individuals with knee OA Conflicting evidence was found for knee pain. Impaired proprioception, knee instability, and use of walking aids had limited evidence for being significantly associated with increasing risk for falls. In the cross-sectional study, 31 out of 63 (49%) participants with knee OA reported at least one fall in the previous 12 months. For participants with knee OA and history of falling, dynamic balance, knee muscle strength, and performance of physical function were significantly reduced when compared to participants with knee OA and no history of falling (p<0.05). Lower dynamic balance measured by the Composite Score (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.73–0.98, p=0.049) and weaker quadriceps muscles strength (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.44–0.91, p=0.028) showed positive association with an increased risk of falling. Whereas, poorer physical function measured with the Timed Up and Go test, showed increased risk of falling by almost two-fold (OR=1.65, 95% CI 1.85–4.21, p=0.006).
The main study found that it is feasible and acceptable to use Nintendo Wii Fit™ as an exergaming tool to improve balance and decrease the risk of falling in adults with knee OA. The pre-defined feasibility criteria such as recruitment, retention, and compliance were successfully met. This was affirmed by the participants’ views on the procedures of the study in terms of the frequency and duration of the assessment and intervention sessions, which they reported to be acceptable. The study demonstrated that it is safe to use Nintendo Wii Fit™ as an exergaming tool as there were no adverse events reported throughout the study period. There were encouraging results in the key outcome measures such as increasing muscle strength, balance, and performance of physical function sufficient to support the conduct of a future randomised controlled trial (RCT). Participants enjoyed playing Wii Fit™ games and found exergaming motivating and interactive in spite of some barriers with the use of technology.
Conclusion: This thesis highlights the risk factors for falls and the potential of exergaming to improve balance and decrease the risk of falling in individuals with knee OA. It is essential to understand the mechanism underlying the occurrence of falls in knee OA by identifying modifiable risk factors which can be mitigated. The potential use of exergaming as a balance tool and the assessment of knee OA symptoms that are critical to increasing falls risk can provide valuable information for both clinicians and fall prevention program developers. Findings coming from feasibility study are encouraging, and support the need to conduct a full-scale RCT
Exergaming to improve balance and decrease the risk of falling in individuals with knee osteoarthritis
No full textBackground: The benefits of exercise to improve balance and reduce the risk of falls is well-recognised in the older-adult literature. However, little attention is paid to people with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. While there is evidence of an increasing number of falls in adults with knee OA, the contributing factors for falling has not been substantially investigated. Exergaming (exercise and gaming) is useful in improving balance in a range of health conditions, yet there is limited research regarding its application to people with knee OA.
Aim: The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of exergaming using Nintendo Wii Fit™ to improve balance and reduce the risk of falls in individuals with knee OA. Secondary aims were to identify the risk factors for falls in adults with knee OA and to examine the strength of relationship between falling and clinical characteristics such as dynamic balance, pain, instability, muscle strength, and physical function in adults with knee OA.
Methods: The main study utilised a mixed-methods, explanatory sequential study design (quantitative followed by qualitative design) to determine the feasibility of exergaming. Nested in this thesis were two literature reviews and a cross-sectional study, all conducted to inform the design of the main study. A systematic review was conducted to identify published evidence on the risk factors for falls in adults with knee OA. The findings from the systematic review informed the risk factors for falls explored in the cross-sectional study. A narrative synthesis of exergaming literature using Nintendo Wii Fit™ was conducted to determine dosage and parameters of the exergaming intervention in the main study.
Results: Findings from the systematic review included moderate evidence for impaired balance, decreased knee muscle strength, an increasing number of symptomatic joints, and the presence of comorbidities as risk factors for falls in individuals with knee OA Conflicting evidence was found for knee pain. Impaired proprioception, knee instability, and use of walking aids had limited evidence for being significantly associated with increasing risk for falls. In the cross-sectional study, 31 out of 63 (49%) participants with knee OA reported at least one fall in the previous 12 months. For participants with knee OA and history of falling, dynamic balance, knee muscle strength, and performance of physical function were significantly reduced when compared to participants with knee OA and no history of falling (p<0.05). Lower dynamic balance measured by the Composite Score (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.73–0.98, p=0.049) and weaker quadriceps muscles strength (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.44–0.91, p=0.028) showed positive association with an increased risk of falling. Whereas, poorer physical function measured with the Timed Up and Go test, showed increased risk of falling by almost two-fold (OR=1.65, 95% CI 1.85–4.21, p=0.006).
The main study found that it is feasible and acceptable to use Nintendo Wii Fit™ as an exergaming tool to improve balance and decrease the risk of falling in adults with knee OA. The pre-defined feasibility criteria such as recruitment, retention, and compliance were successfully met. This was affirmed by the participants’ views on the procedures of the study in terms of the frequency and duration of the assessment and intervention sessions, which they reported to be acceptable. The study demonstrated that it is safe to use Nintendo Wii Fit™ as an exergaming tool as there were no adverse events reported throughout the study period. There were encouraging results in the key outcome measures such as increasing muscle strength, balance, and performance of physical function sufficient to support the conduct of a future randomised controlled trial (RCT). Participants enjoyed playing Wii Fit™ games and found exergaming motivating and interactive in spite of some barriers with the use of technology.
Conclusion: This thesis highlights the risk factors for falls and the potential of exergaming to improve balance and decrease the risk of falling in individuals with knee OA. It is essential to understand the mechanism underlying the occurrence of falls in knee OA by identifying modifiable risk factors which can be mitigated. The potential use of exergaming as a balance tool and the assessment of knee OA symptoms that are critical to increasing falls risk can provide valuable information for both clinicians and fall prevention program developers. Findings coming from feasibility study are encouraging, and support the need to conduct a full-scale RCT
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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