1,613 research outputs found
The Singer or the Song? Developments in Performers' Rights from the Perspective of a Cultural Economist
No full textOver the last century, performers gradually acquired statutory protection of their economic and moral
rights. These rights are not copyright in the legal sense but neighboring rights and until recently, they
were mainly remuneration rights that are collectively administered. With the WPPT (WIPO
Performers and Phonograms Treaty), performers now have individual exclusive rights for digital
performances; this leads to the question: what has motivated this change – is it a change in the
perception of the value of performer or a change brought about by the changing technology of copying or,
indeed, a change that reflects different economic costs and benefits? The paper discusses the role of
copyright law as an incentive to performers and asks if the economic role of the performer is so different
from that of the author. The conclusion is that a complex interaction of the legal regulations, economic
conditions and institutional arrangements for administering these new rights will determine the outcome
Can reforming global institutions help developing countries share more in the benefits from globalization?
No full textGlobalization could significantly expand trade, international investment, and technological advances, but the gains from global integration have been unevenly distributed across and within nations. Greater global interdependence has also brought greater macroeconomic volatility, resulting in several serious financial crises in the second half of the 1990s. The global matrix of Bretton Woods and United Nations institutions that developed starting in the 1940s, formed under a different balance of power, in a world of fixed exchange rates and limited capital mobility. Since the 1960s regional financial institutions have emerged because of the greater autonomy of different regions and the greater financial needs of development. The author reviews different proposals for reform of the international financial institutions and changes in the roles of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. He highlights the implications for developing countries of (1) Policy conditionality. (2) The countercyclical role of multilaterals'lending. (3) Greater lending to middle-income than to low-income developing countries. (3) Access to liquidity at times of crisis. (4) Mechanisms for giving low-income countries a greater voice in IMF and World Bank decisionmaking. The author streses the overlapping responsibilities of the Bretton Woods and regional financial institutions and the need to reassess the allocation of responsibilities and to develop better coordination mechanisms between these institutions. Those designing institutional reform must consider the corporate capabilities of each type of institution. The corporate cultures of global and regional institutions differ. So does the kind of knowledge they generate and disseminate, and so do patterns of interactions with, and mechanisms for representation of, client countries.Finally, the author calls attention to the need to harmonize national and global growth-oriented policies in a way that reduces volatility and promotes social equity.Environmental Economics&Policies,Governance Indicators,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform
Desiring Liaisons in the Works of Isaac Bashevis Singer
No full textPráce Příčiny touhy po milostných vztazích hlavních hrdinů v dílech Isaaca Bashevise Singera popisuje vztahy, především milostné poměry a také je analyzuje. Oddíly práce jsou věnovány vztahu homosexuálnímu, vztahům, jevícím se jako založeným na soucitu a v neposlední řadě vztah vyplývající z obdivu. První kapitola se zabývá židovským autorem v kontextu Americké-etnické literatury, jeho inspirací a kritiky. V druhé části je popis a analýza. Závěrečná, třetí část, uvedené vztahy hodnotí. Závěr, vyplývající z této práce je, že Singer používal mnoho způsoby, kterými vztahy ve svých dílech učinil odlišné od ostatních autorů.Work entitled Desiring Liaisons in the works of Isaac Bashevis Singer describes relationships, primarily liaisons and analyzes them. The work is divided into parts dealing with a homosexual relationship, relationships based on an emotion similar to compassion and the last but not least relationship originating in admiration. First chapter is focused on the Jewish author in the context of American-ethnical literature, his inspiration and criticism of his work. The second chapter contains descriptions and analyses. The final chapter comprises evaluation of relationships mentioned. Conclusion states Singer used many different ways in order to make his relationships different from the rest of authors.Ústav anglistiky a amerikanistikyobhájen
Intelligibility of high-pitched vowel sounds in the singing and speaking of a female Cantonese Opera singer
No full textThe question whether or not vowel quality can be maintained at F0 of the sounds exceeding statistical F1 of „normal“ speech is still a matter of debate. The present study investigates the perception of long Cantonese vowels /i, y, œ, a, ɔ, u/, spoken and sung in (C)V and (C)V:S context by a well-known female Cantonese Opera singer in the range of F0 of c. 560–860Hz. 172 high-pitched syllables or isolated vowel sounds were selected and extracted from a live recording. Corresponding vowel perception was tested in a listening test performed by 26 students of linguistics. All six vowels proved to be identifiable > 80% up to F0 of c. 700Hz, and sounds of /i, a, ɔ, u/ proved to be identifiable > 80% up to a range of F0 of c. 820–860Hz. Confusion matrices are provided in the present paper and spectral illustrations of all sounds are presented at http://is2014.phones-and-phonemes.org
The author in situation of the “spectacle”: towards a non-narrative filiation
No full textThe paper discuss the concept of “filiation narratives”, proposed in 1999 by the French theorist Dominique Viart, from the point of view of the “spectacularization of the author” (V. Kaufmann) in the contemporary visual culture. On the one hand, in visual culture, the media visibility of the author seems much important that his work. On the other hand, the strictly narrative understanding of the filiation is no longer possible. The example of the non‐narrative filiation which connect a French writer Patrick Modiano and his daughter, singer et writer Marie Modiano, is proposed to show the resistance of the literature against the abuses of the media’s influence to the literary culture
New cyclic difference sets with Singer parameters
No full textAbstractThe main result in this paper is a general construction of φ(m)/2 pairwise inequivalent cyclic difference sets with Singer parameters (v,k,λ)=(2m−1,2m−1,2m−2) for any m⩾3. The construction was conjectured by the second author at Oberwolfach in 1998. We also give a complete proof of related conjectures made by No, Chung and Yun and by No, Golomb, Gong, Lee and Gaal which produce another difference set for each m⩾7 not a multiple of 3. Our proofs exploit Fourier analysis on the additive group of GF(2m) and draw heavily on the theory of quadratic forms in characteristic 2. By-products of our results are a new class of bent functions and a new short proof of the exceptionality of the Müller–Cohen–Matthews polynomials. Furthermore, following the results of this paper, there are today no sporadic examples of difference sets with these parameters; i.e. every known such difference set belongs to a series given by a constructive theorem
Acute and Chronic Actions of Alcohol on Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion in Humans and Animals
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