2,983 research outputs found
The author as the second translator
No full textParafrazując tytuł tekstu Anny Legeżyńskiej „Tłumacz jako drugi autor” (1999: 20–30), w niniejszym artykule zwracam uwagę na rolę kontaktu z autorem w procesie tworzenia przekładu. Konsultowanie z twórcą oryginału niektórych rozwiązań translatorskich redukuje wątpliwości interpretacyjne widziane z pozycji tłumacza, autorowi zaś daje możliwość zobaczenia swojego tekstu z perspektywy drugiego języka.Paraphrasing the title of Anna Legeżyńska’s text “The translator as the second author” (1999: 20–30), this paper focuses on the role of contact with the author in the translation process. Discussions with the author on certain translation solutions reduce interpretative doubts as seen from the perspective of the translator, while the author is given an opportunity to see his or her text from the perspective of another language. In this text I am referring and quoting selected examples that were included in the letters exchanged with Konstantin Arbienin, the author of “Sleepless Stories” (Сказки на засыпку) whose translation has become the basis for making an audiobook. The project was launched within the activity framework of ‚Perevodka’, a translation section of the Research Association of the Department of Russian Studies at the NCU in cooperation with our friends musicians and graphic artists
Subwavelength spinning of particles in vector cosine-Gaussian field with radial polarization
No full textA new type of radially polarized (RP) cosine-Gaussian (CG) field is proposed. Through the analytical model, it is found that such RP CG beam exhibits completely different focusing properties from the reported RP plane waves. More importantly, a stable three-dimensional trap of Rayleigh particle accompanied by a subwavelength spin motion can be easily achieved using this RP CG beam.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.ImPhys/Optic
Protected area visitor data collection and management: Emerging issues and gaps in current Australian practices
No full textProtected area agencies are charged with the preservation, conservation and management of areas including wilderness, national parks and forests. These agencies are faced with increasing visitor numbers and decreasing budgets at a time where activities like tourism have to be managed alongside their traditional roles as natural resource managers. This paper reports on the outcomes of the first stage of a research project that seeks to guide a nationally consistent approach to visitor use data collection for protected area agencies. First, the paper provides a background literature review of approaches to visitor use data collection for protected area agencies. Second, the paper outlines the participatory action research approach used in the study where thirteen protected area agencies are collaborators in the research process. This approach ensures that the protected areas agencies data needs are central to the research outcomes and recognises the pragmatic organisational cultural issues associated with visitor data collection, management and use. The research process incorporates organisational networking at all levels from head office, regions, branches and individual parks involving management information systems, interviews, focus groups, presentations, briefings and follow-up contact. Third, the paper then presents the emergent themes that examine the issues and gaps in current visitor data collection, management and use systems. The paper concludes with discussion of the challenges to developing a national system of visitor data collection and use
The development and use of strategic business performance improvement frameworks for rapid prototyping and tooling : executive summary
No full textIncreasing global competition within industry has forced businesses to respond by
reducing costs and product development lead times in order to survive. In the
automotive industry, these strategic responses include the specific exploitation of new
technologies and mergers with other companies to gain economies of scale.
BMW AG purchased Rover Group in 1994 but it wasn't until 1998 that competitive
pressure led to the completion of the merger through the creation of a single "Group
Function" structure within BMW Group. The BMW Board stated high-level
objectives for the process but provided no mechanism to convert them into reality.
Similarly, the BMW Group Board initiated a business process "Re-engineering"
programme in 1997/8 and stated cost, time and other objectives that would have to be
met. The technical and process changes that would help to achieve the business
improvements were being largely driven from the bottom of the organisation but
there were no frameworks available to guide strategic technology introduction.
The principal innovations generated during the course of this research are
frameworks for:
• Maximising the business benefits from the creation of 'Group Functions'
• Internal strategy creation for technology-based business sub-units
These two new frameworks have for the first time provided management and staff
with the means to develop meaningful strategies and operational action plans from
the corporate strategic objectives. The economic and business literature concentrates
mainly on whole business strategy and merger activity, neglecting the need for
guidance at the sub-corporate level. Although corporate strategy can provide the
overall direction of a company, it is the managers that have to drive strategic change
within the business.
The frameworks were developed by the author based on an in-depth review of the
literature and the specific context relating to Rapid Prototyping & Tooling (RP&T)
within BMW. The frameworks were validated within the business situation and
further enhanced where appropriate.
The Group Function framework fills the process gap between the high-level
objectives and the need for operational action plans. It provides a straightforward and
easy to communicate structure to the process of optimising duplicated business subunits.
Use of the framework led to the retention of both RP&T teams and the
initiation of beneficial synergistic activities. The framework should be applicable to
other similar groups in similar circumstances.
The author developed a new strategy creation framework that for the first time
combines a range of strategy development approaches from within the literature into
a practical framework for sub-corporate strategy development. The framework was
matched to the specific context of the RP&T case but could be used in other similar
circumstances. The framework was used to successfully develop a new strategy for
RP&T in BMW Group and includes new approaches developed by the author that
reduce the impact of environmental change and uncertainty. The framework has been
described in a stand alone form that can easily be more widely exploited
Klasyfikacja funkcji Sejmu RP
No full textThe article is devoted to the issue of classification of functions performed by the Sejm of the Republic of Poland after Poland’s accession to the European Union. Due to the integration, and especially the changes that took place after the Lisbon Treaty came into force, it becomes necessary to redistribute the powers exercised by the parliament. The author presents the established classi-fication methods and justifies the need to supplement them with a new function — the European function of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland.Artykuł został poświęcony zagadnieniu klasyfikacji funkcji realizowanych przez Sejm RP po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej. W związku z dokonaną integracją, a zwłaszcza zmia-nami, które zaszły po wejściu w życie traktatu z Lizbony, konieczne staje się dokonanie na nowo podziału kompetencji realizowanych przez parlament. Autor przedstawia stosowane sposoby klasy-fikacji i uzasadnia konieczność uzupełnienia ich o nową funkcję — funkcję europejską Sejmu RP
The history of law in regard to the II RP. Notes on the state of research
No full textThe author presents the state of research on the legislation of the II RP. Presentation of the representatives of the science of law includes, apart from the period of the II RP, the times of the communist regime and the present. The author emphasizes the high level of regulation of the II RP, despite objective difficulties stemming from historical events. The article stated and justified also directions and research methods of legislation of the II RP. The author presents the view of the need for further studies on the history of the Polish state and law in the years 1918–1939.Autor przedstawia stan badań naukowych nad prawodawstwem II RP. Prezentacja dorobku przedstawicieli nauki prawa obejmuje, poza okresem II RP, również czasy PRL i współczesność. Autor podkreśla wysoki poziom regulacji prawnych okresu II RP, pomimo obiektywnych trudności wynikających z zaszłości historycznych. W artykule sformułowane i uzasadnione również zostały kierunki i metody badawcze prawodawstwa okresu II RP. Autor prezentuje pogląd o potrzebie przeprowadzenia pogłębionych badań nad dziejami państwa i prawa polskiego w latach 1918–1939
Charakter podpisu Prezydenta RP pod ustawą
No full textThe aim of the study is to examine the nature of the Polish President’s signature on the Act. The author states that it is impossible to support both the view claiming that this signature has a purely legislative character as well as the one advocating a purely executive character. Instead, the author proposes a mixed, legislative-executive approach. For when the President can intervene in the legislative process and, for example, veto a bill, and yet does not do so, his signature has a legislative character. When, on the other hand, the head of state cannot constitutionally evade his signature, then it assumes an executive character. This also determines whether or not the President will become a name sponsor of the Act. If this character is legislative, then such sponsoring will take place. When, however, executive, it will not, because firstly the President had to show that he does not support the Act.Celem artykułu jest zbadanie charakteru podpisu Prezydenta RP pod ustawą. Dzięki dogmatycznej analizie przepisów Konstytucji z 1997 roku wspartej doktryną i orzecznictwem autor stwierdza, że niemożliwe jest poparcie ani stanowiska twierdzącego, że podpis ten ma charakter wyłącznie ustawodawczy, ani tego stojącego przy charakterze wyłącznie wykonawczym. Autor zamiast tego proponuje podejście mieszane, ustawodawczo-wykonawcze. Gdy bowiem Prezydent RP może zaingerować w proces legislacyjny i np. zawetować ustawę, a jednak tego nie robi, to jego podpis ma charakter ustawodawczy. Gdy zaś konstytucyjnie głowa państwa nie może uchylić się od złożenia podpisu, wówczas podpis ten przyjmuje charakter wykonawczy. Od tego też zależy, czy Prezydent RP będzie firmował (popierał/wspierał) daną ustawę swoim nazwiskiem, czy nie. Gdy charakter ten będzie ustawodawczy, to takie firmowanie nastąpi. Gdy zaś wykonawczy, firmowanie nie nastąpi, gdyż do osiągnięcia tego charakteru podpisu konieczne jest uprzednie zaingerowanie w sam proces ustawodawczy i pokazanie, że Prezydent RP nie popiera danej ustawy
Polityka rynku pracy w III RP – doświadczenia
No full textW artykule dokonano analizy polityki rynku pracy w III RP. Przedstawiono genezę i rozwój oraz zasadnicze zmiany, jakie zaszły w polskiej polityce rynku pracy w ciągu minionych 25 lat. Swoje rozważania autorka oparła na analizie literatury przedmiotu, aktów prawnych, dostępnych danych statystycznych. Scharakteryzowała i oceniła poszczególne etapy rozwoju polskiej polityki rynku pracy, zwracając uwagę na przyczyny, kierunki i zakres oraz konsekwencje dokonywanych zmian. Wskazała czynniki i bariery utrudniające realizację zadań polityki rynku pracy w III RP. Analizowała działania podejmowane przez państwo w celu poprawy istniejącej sytuacji. W kolejnych częściach artykułu przedstawiła zadania i zakres polskiej polityki rynku pracy, zmianę jej priorytetów polegającą na odchodzeniu od działań osłonowych w kierunku wzmacniania programów aktywizacji zawodowej bezrobotnych, przekształcenia modelu instytucjonalnej obsługi rynku pracy, skalę i strukturę finansowania polityki rynku pracy.The paper analyses the Polish labour market policy between 1989 and 2014 (the so-called III Polish Republic). It starts with its origin and development, which is followed by the most important changes of the last 25 years. The analysis is based on academic literature, legal acts as well as available statistical data. The author characterises and assesses specific development stages of the Polish labour market policy stressing causes, directions, the scope and consequences of these changes. Factors and barriers that made the realization of this policy difficult and the actions taken by the Polish government to improve the existing situation are pointed out. In the following parts, the author presents the aims and scope of the Polish labour market policy as well as changes of its priorities reflected in the withdrawal from protectionist measures in favour of supporting re-employment programmes. The author discusses changes in the institutional model of labour market policy implementation in Poland and the scope and structure of its financing
Bezpieczeństwo informacyjne RP w dobie COVID-19
No full textThe aim of the article is to answer questions dedicated to implementation of disinformation in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic at the international and national level. The author analyzes EU documents and projects as well as the Security Strategy of the Republic of Poland 2020 and confronts them with tasks undertaken by entities cooperating with social organizations: EUvsDisinfo, Mythbusters and #Fakenews projects. The author analyzed trends and social interests with the COVID-19 pandemic and disinformation.Celem artykułu jest udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytania poświęcone realizacji działań zapobiegających dezinformacji w dobie pandemii COVID-19 na poziomie międzynarodowym i krajowym. Autorka analizuje dokumenty i konkluzje unijne oraz Strategii Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego RP 2020 oraz konfrontuje dokumenty z zadaniami podjętymi przez podmioty we współpracy z organizacjami społecznymi: projektami EUvsDisinfo, Mythbusters i #Fakenews. Autorka przeanalizowała trendy i zainteresowania społeczne związane z pandemią i dezinformacją wokół COVID-19
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning using Centralized Critics in Collaborative Environments
No full textAgents trained through single-agent reinforcement learning methods such as self-play can provide a good level of performance in multi-agent settings and even in fully cooperative environments. However, most of the time, training multiple agents together using single-agent self-play yields poor results as each agent tries to learn how to perform their task while their teammates are also learning. Thus, training models to reach an optimal behaviour in such situations becomes a challenging, if not impossible issue to overcome. One possible solution to deal with this problem is to facilitate a centralized training process in which the policies of all agents are evaluated by a centralized critic that has access to the observations and actions of all the agents in the environment. By using this approach, the environment becomes stationary and the agents learn in a similar way to using a single-agent algorithm in settings where only one agent needs to be trained. In this paper, we test whether by using a multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm with centralized critics, as opposed to single-agent ones, we would obtain an agent that generalizes better to new partners in a collaborative environment such as Overcooked, where coordination is critical for good performance. The results display a similar performance between the two algorithms when evaluated through self-play and slightly better or worse results when paired with the human model, representing a mediocre agent, depending on the map. Thus, the multi-agent, centralized critics algorithm used in this study did not train agents that generalize better to new partners. However, the training metrics clearly indicate that the centralized critics method makes the agents learn and converge twice as fast as its single-agent version.https://github.com/andrei-07/rp-overcooked-centralized-critics Link to GitHub repositoryCSE3000 Research ProjectComputer Science and Engineerin
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