542 research outputs found
Stressed at work and distressed out of work: Unveiling the implications of time-related work stress on work climate in the nonprofit sector
No full textTime-related work stress is prevailing in today's society. This is especially true in the nonprofit sector, where people are willing to self-sacrifice in order to contribute to organizational performance. Although literature highlights the shortcomings of time-related work stress, little is still known on its negative impact on work climate. The article contributes to fill this gap, shedding light on the consequences of time-related work stress on work climate in a large sample of people employed in the nonprofit sector. Secondary data were obtained from the latest wave of the European Working Condition Survey. Conditional process analysis was used to investigate the effects of time-related stress on work climate, considering the mediating role of work-life conflicts and work engagement. Stress caused by time constraints did not have direct implications on work climate. However, it expanded exposure to work-life conflicts and impaired work engagement, thus indirectly impoverishing work climate. Since it is hard to escape time pressures in modern work environments, precautions should be taken to protect employees against the backlash of time-related stress on work climate. Alongside empowering people to cope with work-related stress, tailored human resource management practices should be designed to address the sources of time pressures in the workplace
Transforming Urban Morphology and Environmental Perfornances via IMM® The Case of PortoMaravilha in Rio de Janeiro
No full textIMM, Integrated Modification Methodology, is a holistic, multiscale and multi-stage, iterative process, applied to urban contexts seen as Complex Adaptive Systems, for improving their metabolism as well as their energy performances. In IMM cities are energy-using systems in their own right and they consume energy in varying level of efficiency. City as CAS is a specific type of complex system with adaptive and resilience ability and its final energy consumption and related performance is different than the sum of its heterogeneous element’s performance.
Main headline of the current paper is to focus on how urban morphology is correlated with urban sustainability and energy performance and to demonstrate how an existing urban assessment (Porto Maravilha, in Rio de Janeiro) can be reformed into a lower energy consumption system and a more liveable and sustainable context. This paper wishes to demonstrate how this design methodology can contribute through integrated design optimization to address the challenges of urban growth and environmental issues simultaneously. Actually an Urban modification theory based on an integrated approach can help to sharpen a better comprehension of the different performances of different urban assessment and contribute to climate mitigation and emission reduction, integrating Design Principles with the issue of saving natural resources.This paper using a specific and challenging case study shows that urban transformation can be performed, retrofitted and monitored with the final goal of achieving a more sustainable arrangement. The authors intended to examine how a local design area located in the dense core of Rio (Porto Maravilha) can affect transformation of the entire CAS (the city of Rio de Janeiro) towards more sustainable development
Urban Morphology, Environmental Perfornances and Social Inclusion via IMM® The case study of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
No full textIMM, Integrated Modification Methodology, is a multi-stage, iterative process, applied to urban complex systems, for improving the metabolism of the city as well as its energy performance. The method has been depicted through prior publications by the authors; hence, the current paper solely focuses on one stage of the multi-stage IMM method. Due to the facts that most future growth in urban areas will occur in developing countries and its relative few megacities, where will live 5% of earth population, the study wish to present a case study of megacity of Rio de Janeiro.
Despite the GDP growth by roughly 50 percent in real terms over the last decade about 20 per cent of the city’s population lives in informal settlements known as Favelas. These slum areas have very limited access to public services and amenities. Electricity distribution is perhaps an exception, but often informally accessed. Alike great number of cities around the world; the city of Rio is experiencing preponderance growth in its margin which has been amplified since 1950s. More accurately, the municipality of Rio de Janeiro has added 3.9 million residents since then; while the suburbs and exurbs have added 4.8 million. The authors intended to examine how a local design area located in the dense core of Rio (Porto Maravilha) can affect transformation of the entire CAS (the city of Rio de Janeiro) toward more sustainable development some city’s main concerns, mitigating marginal growth, low performances and a growing pollution as promoting social inclusion and a more livable environment
Knowledge Management and Leadership: a bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review
No full textPurpose: Effectively handling knowledge is crucial for any organisation in order to survive and prosper in the turbulent environments of the modern era. Leadership is a central element for knowledge creation, acquisition, utilisation and integration processes. Based on these considerations, this study offers an overview of the evolution of the literature regarding the knowledge management-leadership relationship published over the last twenty years.
Design/methodology/approach: A bibliometric analysis coupled with a systematic literature review were performed over a dataset of 488 peer-reviewed articles published from 1990 to 2018.
Findings: We discovered the existence of four well-polarised clusters with the following thematic focuses: human and relational aspects, systematic and performance aspects, contextual and contingent aspects, and cultural and learning aspects. We then investigated each thematic cluster by reviewing the most relevant contributions within them.
Research limitations/implications: Based on the bibliometric analysis and the systematic literature review we developed an interpretative framework aimed at uncovering several promising and little explored research areas, thus suggesting an agenda for future knowledge management-leadership research. Some steps of the paper selection process may have been biased by the interpretation of the researcher. We addressed this concern by performing a multiple human subject reading process whose reliability was confirmed by a Krippendorf’s Alpha coefficient value > 0.80.
Originality/value: To our best knowledge, this is the first study to map, systematise and discuss the literature concerned to the topic of the knowledge management-leadership relationship
Organizing a sustainable smart urban ecosystem: Perspectives and insights from a bibliometric analysis and literature review
No full textCities struggle to enhance their sustainability by fostering their smartness, i.e. their ability to use advanced technologies and resources in an intelligent and integrated way to achieve a socially and environmentally viable economic growth. The transition towards urban ecosystems has been proposed as a practical solution to merge smartness and sustainability in the smart city discourse. However, little is known about the recipe for implementing and organizing a sustainable smart urban ecosystem. The bibliometric analysis and interpretive narrative review presented in this article found some contrasting perspectives on the approaches that should be embraced to run a viable smart urban ecosystem, shedding light into the manifold attributes of sustainable urban smartness. The research findings suggest that the viability of smart urban ecosystems relies on the ability of focal actors to implement a techno-bureaucratic governance model which relies on an integrated policy framework that accounts for the tripartite social, economic, and environmental challenges faced by cities. Citizen-centredness and greenness are the core values that embed urban smartness. Such values are useless if not backed by community engagement. Further developments should be targeted to unravel the role of datification and computerization in underpinning the collective intelligence of smart cities for the purpose of urban sustainability
Estimating diameter inside bark at various heights in young Douglas fir trees
No full textFaqir Mohammad Khan, Graduate Student, John F. Bell, Professor of Forest Management, Alan B. Berg, Professor of Forest Science.This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (page 2).Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Mohammad Khatami The Philosopher President
No full textIn his speech at the UN General Assembly in September 1998, Mohammad Khatami proposed to analyse the principle elements of American culture in terms of Puritan history and influence. Similarly, in an interview with CNN, he invoked Tocqueville’s Democracy in America to highlight the religious foundations of American democracy, a gesture that caused a vexatious envy among some American politicians and political pundits. In this essay the author argues that such references reflect not just Khatami’s erudition but also highlight central tenets in his political philosophy.
RoMEO Studies 4: An analysis of Journal publishers' Copyright Agreements
No full textThis article is the fourth in a series of six emanating from the UK JISC-funded RoMEO Project (Rights Metadata for Open archiving). It describes an analysis of 80 scholarly journal publishers’ copyright agreements with a particular view to their effect on author self-archiving. 90% of agreements asked for copyright transfer and 69% asked for it prior to refereeing the paper. 75% asked authors to warrant that their work had not been previously published although only two explicitly stated that they viewed self-archiving as prior publication. 28.5% of agreements provided authors with no usage rights over their own paper. Although 42.5% allowed self-archiving in some format, there was no consensus on the conditions under which self-archiving could take place. The article concludes that author-publisher copyright agreements should be reconsidered by a working party representing the needs of both partie
A Scalable Architecture for Harvest-Based Digital Libraries - The ODU/Southampton Experiments
No full textThis paper discusses the requirements of current and emerging applications based on the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) and emphasizes the need for a common infrastructure to support them. Inspired by HTTP proxy, cache, gateway and web service concepts, a design for a scalable and reliable infrastructure that aims at satisfying these requirements is presented. Moreover it is shown how various applications can exploit the services included in the proposed infrastructure. The paper concludes by discussing the current status of several prototype implementations
Systematic reviews with language restrictions and no author contact have lower overall credibility: a methodology study
No full textZhen Wang,1–3 Juan P Brito,4 Apostolos Tsapas,5 Marcio L Griebeler,4 Fares Alahdab,1,3 Mohammad Hassan Murad,1,3,61Robert D and Patricia E Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, 2Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, 3Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, 4Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 5Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; 6Division of Preventive, Occupational and Aerospace Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USABackground: High-quality systematic reviews (SRs) require rigorous approaches to identify, appraise, select, and synthesize research evidence relevant to a specific question. In this study, we evaluated the association between two steps in the conduct of an SR – restricting the search to English, and author contact for missing data – and the overall credibility of a SR.Methods: All SRs cited by the Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guidelines published from October 2006 through January 2012 were included. The main outcome was the overall A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) score, as a surrogate of SR credibility. Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis tests and multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the association between language restriction, author contact for missing data, and the overall AMSTAR score.Results: In all, 69 SRs were included in the analysis. Only 31 SRs (45%) reported searching non-English literature, with an average AMSTAR score of 7.90 (standard deviation [SD] =1.64). SRs that reported language restriction received significantly lower AMSTAR scores (mean =5.25, SD =2.32) (P<0.001). Only 30 SRs (43%) reported contacting authors for missing data, and these received, on average, 2.59 more AMSTAR points (SD =1.95) than those who did not (P<0.001). In multivariable analyses, AMSTAR score was significantly correlated with language restriction (beta =-1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.62, -0.01, P=0.05) and author contact for missing data (beta =2.16, 95% CI: 0.91, 3.41, P=0.001). However, after adjusting for compliance with reporting guidelines, language restriction was no longer significantly associated with the AMSTAR score.Conclusion: Fewer than half of the SRs conducted to support the clinical practice guidelines we examined reported contacting study authors or searched non–English literature. SRs that did not conduct these two steps had lower quality scores, suggesting the importance of these two steps for overall SR credibility.Keywords: evidence-based medicine, research design, validity, quality of evidenc
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