322,863 research outputs found
Uso degli anticoagulanti orali per la prevenzione della trombosi dei cateteri venosi centrali per emodialisi
No full textCentral venous catheters (CVCs) are fundamental in the management of hemodialysis. Despite major efforts to provide arteriovenous access, their use is increasing in dialysis units worldwide. The presence of a catheter inside a vein increases the risk of thrombosis, both within the catheter and in the vein. Thrombosis is a serious complication because it can lead to inefficient dialysis, alter the venous circulation, and facilitate infections. In this article, questions regarding anticoagulant treatment in dialysis patients with CVCs are explored and specific suggestions offered for clinical practice, based on the evidence available and the personal experience of the authors. Should CVC-induced thrombosis be treated? The duration, site and extension of the thrombotic complication should be assessed. If thrombosis is recent and symptomatic, heparin treatment followed by oral anticoagulant therapy is suggested. Is oral anticoagulant therapy useful for primary prevention of thrombosis, both within the CVC and the vein where the catheter is inserted? The available evidence favoring the use of oral anticoagulant therapy is not entirely convincing. At any rate, before such treatment is started the balance between the antithrombotic efficacy and the possible side effects should be carefully weighed. Is oral anticoagulant therapy useful for secondary prevention of CVC thrombosis? If a permanent CVC is in place and its position is correct and the blood flow < 250 mL/min, we recommend - before replacing the CVC - thrombolytic treatment followed by oral anticoagulants, aiming at an INR target between 2 and 3. Are the side effects of oral anticoagulant therapy an issue? The use of anticoagulants in renal failure carries an increased risk of complications, in particular bleeding and vascular calcifications, which could annul the advantages derived from reduced thrombotic events. Before starting oral anticoagulant therapy we suggest to carefully evaluate if there are potential overall benefits and to pay attention to concomitant antiplatelet therapy
Supply chain – marketing integration: How do European SMEs go to China via the New Silk Road
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Plant regeneration and genetic variability from tissue cultures of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
No full textAdvancing User Research in Naturalistic Gambling Environments Through Behaviour Tracking. A Pilot Study
No full textUser research has widely employed ethnography to gain insights into the player-gaming terminal interaction in naturalistic gambling settings. However, inconsistencies in operationalisation and a lack of rigour in research procedures have been identified as limitations. In this paper, we address these issues by first advocating for the use of behavioural recording technology to support user research. We present a set of quantitative metrics extracted from non-invasive techniques, including video and audio recordings, that capture facial expressions, paralinguistic cues, proxemics, kinesics, and interactive haptic behaviours. Next, we examine the expert evaluation process as a structured analysis framework, including the mapping of environmental variables, the transparent and reproducible operationalization of a research protocol, and the interpretation of data. A pilot study is presented to provide practical guidelines for conducting user research in natural gambling environments. Our findings contribute to user research methodologies and highlight the potential advantages of the proposed approach, including its applicability, ethical considerations, and reliability
From prevention to treatment: Comprehensive strategies for the management of Staphylococcus aureus induced catheter-related bloodstream infections
No full textStaphylococcus aureus (SA) is a prominent pathogen that frequently causes catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) in hemodialysis patients with tunneled central lines. The guidelines' key recommendation for managing SA-induced CRBSIs is to remove the infected catheter. In real life, however, this may be hindered by logistical or clinical problems (e.g. unavailability of surgical rooms, incarcerated catheters, catheter-associated thrombosis). Furthermore, an interventional approach may expose patients to complications, such as those related to the procedure itself or the development of central vein stenoses. Prospective observational studies seem to support the possibility of preserving the infected line in case of early pathogen identification and CRBSI management with empirical large-spectrum antibiotics, followed by targeted treatment once the antibiogram is available. Further options for the treatment and prevention of SA-induced infections are becoming available, leading to a rapidly evolving therapeutic scenario. This review aims to perform a multidisciplinary revision of the available evidence and current unsolved problems, focusing on future perspectives for the management and prevention of SA-induced CRBSIs in hemodialysis patients
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Phenological and genetic characterization of Sedum hispanicum (Crassulaceae) in the Italian peninsula at the western margin of its distribution
No full textBackground and aims – Sedum hispanicum acts as a pioneer species on the gypsum outcrops of Emilia
Romagna region (Northern Italy). The species was studied in two Sites of Community Importance through
a comparative phenological and genetic diversity analysis to provide insights into strategies adopted by the
species for successful reproduction in the harsh conditions of these rocky outcrops.
Methods – Phenology was examined in individuals from four sampling sites chosen in one study area
(Gessi Bolognesi e Calanchi dell’Abbadessa, GB) from March to June in two years (2013 and 2015)
with different spring temperatures. Reproductive and vegetative phenophases were compared among sites
and over years. ISSR-based molecular analysis was performed to obtain genetic diversity measures on
individuals collected at the same four GB sites and, for comparison, in a second area (Gessi di Monte
Rocca, Monte Capra e Tizzano).
Key results – Individuals at the four GB sites showed inter-annual differences in full flowering and leaf
senescence, but intra-annual synchrony of all monitored phenophases. Moderate amounts of genetic
diversity were observed in the two areas (P% = 79.67, 67.48; I = 0.209, 0.205; He = 0.118, 0.122). Low
genetic structure (Φst = 0.05; Gst = 0.06) and high gene flow (Nm = 3.92) resulted within the GB area.
Genetic differentiation was higher between the two areas (Φst = 0.37, Gst = 0.22). Evidence of inbreeding
(s = 0.61) was found in the GB area.
Conclusions – Inter-annual differences in timing of full flowering phenophase seem to be related chiefly
to spring temperatures. The estimates of genetic diversity in S. hispanicum are comparable to those of
autogamous and clonal species, while the partitioning of genetic diversity reflects the low structure typical
of outcrossing species. Intra-annual flowering synchrony is likely to promote sexual reproduction. Sedum
hispanicum seems to adopt multiple reproductive modes to overcome environmental extremes of gypsum
outcrops.
Key words – Stonecrop, Natura 2000, Gypsum Vein, Northern Apennine, flowering phenology, synchrony,
ISSR, genetic variation
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