1,720,993 research outputs found
Clinical and Economic burden of Caesarean-section
Full text linkRising caesarean section (CS) rate remains a public health issue. Induction of labour (IOL) rates have been rising steadily in Canada from 12.9% in 1991 to 21.3% in 2004. Failed IOL occurs in 20% of induced pregnancies and is the major risk factor for CS. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of clinical and economic burden of CS. A rapid review of the literature was conducted to examine the risk factors for CS. Using data from the CHILD birth cohort, an emergency CS risk prediction tool was developed with six antennal factors: maternal age, height, BMI, pregnancy-induced hypertension, antenatal depression and birth order of the infant (area under the curve (AUC), 0.77 (0.71-0.82). This thesis also includes a retrospective cohort study of all singleton births in Alberta from 2005-2014 that evaluated the trends of CS, induction of labour (IOL), the association of IOL and CS, the impact of CS on childhood hospitalization or emergency department attendance with asthma or gastroenteritis. Understanding these associations will be beneficial in terms of offering the labour induction at appropriate gestation weeks in particular low-risk expectant mothers. Findings indicate that infants delivered by CS increased the healthcare service utilization by visiting emergency department with asthma and gastroenteritis than vaginally delivered infants. In addition, the results from the retrospective cohort demonstrated that IOL before reaching 39 weeks increased the risk of emergency CS when compared to expectant management. Moreover, IOL at 41 weeks is the most cost-effective strategy because it provides the most net health benefit (NHB) at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $50,000 per QALY. This the first study conducting an economic evaluation of IOL at different gestation weeks in Canada. Implications of study results for clinicians and public health are discussed and future research directions are suggested
Interactions between breast-feeding, specific parental atopy, and sex on development of asthma and atopy <http://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(07)00353-3/abstract>,
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Advancing pediatric and longitudinal DNA methylation studies with CellsPickMe, an integrated blood cell deconvolution method
No full textProspective birth cohorts offer the potential to interrogate the relation between early life environment and embedded biological processes such as DNA methylation (DNAme). These association studies are frequently conducted in the context of blood, a heterogeneous tissue composed of diverse cell types. Accounting for this cellular heterogeneity across samples is essential, as it is a main contributor to inter-individual DNAme variation. Integrated blood cell deconvolution of pediatric and longitudinal birth cohorts poses a major challenge, as existing methods fail to account for the distinct cell population shift between birth and adolescence. In this paper, we critically evaluated the reference-based deconvolution procedure and optimized its prediction accuracy for longitudinal birth cohorts using DNAme data from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) cohort. The optimized algorithm, CellsPickMe, integrates cord and adult references and picks DNAme features for each population of cells with machine learning algorithms. It demonstrated improved deconvolution accuracy in cord, pediatric, and adult blood samples compared to existing benchmark methods. CellsPickMe supports blood cell deconvolution across early developmental periods under a single framework, enabling cross-time-point integration of longitudinal DNAme studies. Given the increased resolution of cell populations predicted by CellsPickMe, this R package empowers researchers to explore immune system dynamics using DNAme data in population studies across the life course
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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