1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Human endothelial cell response to thromboresistant collagen-mimetic hydrogels
No full textAugust 2014School of EngineeringTo address these issues, Browning et al. have developed a composite vascular graft composed of an electrospun mesh that acts as a reinforcing outer layer and a non-thrombogenic inner hydrogel-based layer that promotes bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC) endothelialization. The blood contacting inner hydrogel is based on a collagen-mimetic protein (Scl2-2) derived from the group A Streptococcus, Scl2.28, streptococcal collagen-like protein (Scl2-1) which has been modified to contain integrin binding sites that promote endothelial cell adhesion. The unhydroxylated "parent" strain (Scl2-1) includes the Gly-Xaa-Yaa (GXY) motifs of native collagen, but unlike native collagen, it can maintain a stable triple helix without post-translational modifications. Discrete from native collagen, the Scl2-1 "parent" strand does not contain any known cell signaling sequences and therefore provides a "blank-slate" into which desired collagen-based cell adhesion sequences can be introduced into the protein via site-directed mutagenesis. A "daughter", Scl2-2, strand has been engineered to incorporate a GFPGER sequence which includes α1β1 and α2β1 integrin-binding motifs based on the GF/LOGER collagen sequence (O; hydroxyproline). The Scl2-2 protein is incorporated into a poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel matrix in which both the bioactivity levels and substrate modulus can be modified. The results from their study confirmed the thromboresistance of the PEGDA-Scl2-2 hydrogels, as well as the ability of the hydrogels to support BAEC adhesion and migration. In addition, the mechanical properties of the electrospun mesh proved to be easily tunable, and can closely match current autografts. These findings indicate that this multilayer design has promise for vascular graft applications.The current studies indicate that human endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation and migration responses can be tuned on our PEGDA-Scl2-2 hydrogels by modulating Scl2-2 concentration in the scaffold. The human endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation levels far exceeded those observed with the BAECs. These results show that PEGDA-Scl2-2 hydrogels support appropriate human endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration. Tuning the Scl2-2 concentration in the hydrogel will allow for the fabrication of bioactive surfaces that elicit endothelial cell responses similar to those observed on native collagen, without the thrombogenicity associated with the latter. Conjugation of Scl2-2 within a synthetic PEGDA hydrogel provides the means to combine the selective bioactivity of the Scl2-2 protein, with the thromboresistance and tunable material properties of this synthetic polymer. This work demonstrates the potential utility of the proposed PEGDA-Scl2-2 hydrogel systems in regenerative medicine applications, such as coatings to improve the performance of cardiovascular devices.This work focuses on the evaluation of human endothelial cell response to thromboresistant PEGDA-Scl2-2 hydrogels towards the development of polymeric coatings that can potentially improve the biocompatibility of existing cardiovascular devices. To achieve this, three types of human endothelial cells were employed: human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). BAECs were also used as a reference. Endothelial cell coverage (cell adhesion) and proliferation were measured over 72 hours to determine the effects of protein type (Scl2-2 versus collagen I) and concentration (4 mg/mL, 8 mg/mL, and 12 mg/mL) on both initial and prolonged cell interactions with the scaffold. Cell migration assessments were performed for all formulations in order to evaluate the effect of bioactivity levels on the observed cell migration responses.Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Current clinical small caliber synthetic vascular grafts (<6 mm), such as Dacron and polytetrafluoroethlyene (ePTFE) or Teflon, have high failure rates and do not show promising patency results. Patency rates of these grafts decrease due to thrombosis formation and vascular occlusion. The majority of these failures are due to inadequate cell-material interactions and poor matching of arterial biomechanical properties.M
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
