1,720,986 research outputs found
L'impact du phénomène de réserve cognitive dans le diagnostic de la maladie d'Alzheimer
No full textLe concept de réserve dans la maladie d'Alzheimer (MA) a été introduit suite à l'observation que certains facteurs, notamment l'éducation, peuvent moduler l'expression clinique des lésions neuropathologiques, grâce au développement de ressources et réseaux alternatifs, qui fournissent une capacité compensatoire. Les biomarqueurs d'imagerie moléculaire, parmi lesquels le PET au 18F-Fluorodesoxyglucose (FDG-PET), contribuent au diagnostic de la MA en permettant d'estimer in vivo la dysfonction neuronale associée aux lésions neuropathologiques. Pour une validation systématique des biomarqueurs dans la pratique clinique il est crucial de mesurer l'impact des différents facteurs modulateurs sur la performance diagnostique. Dans cette étude, nous avons pu démontrer que le niveau d'éducation des patients module la relation entre la dysfonction neuronale mesurée au FDG-PET et la sévérité clinique, en démontrant donc une réserve associée à l'éducation, toutefois sans diminuer la performance diagnostique du FDG-PET, qui reste excellente chez l'ensemble des patients
New Frontiers in Clinical PET imaging of Breast Cancer
No full textThe use of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has been a cornerstone in the metabolic imaging of breast cancer. However, its limitations in specific subtypes and clinical scenarios have driven the exploration of new frontiers in clinical PET imaging. This review highlights the role of emerging alternatives, such as PET [18F]16α-Fluoroestradiol ([18F]FES), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted imaging, and Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) imaging. PET [18F]FES can play a pivotal role in the assessment of estrogen receptor (ER) expression. Similarly, HER2-targeted PET imaging facilitates non-invasive, whole-body assessment of HER2 expression. These tracers allow the detection of intra-patient, inter-lesional heterogeneity, synchronous and metachronous, offering valuable insights into equivocal lesions and also hold a predictive value, guiding treatment decisions and optimizing therapeutic strategies. PET FAP, which targets cancer-associated fibroblasts, provides unique information on tumor microenvironment, with potential clinical application for an improved staging and restaging in tumors with low [18F]FDG uptake, such as lobular breast cancer. Complementary to [18F]FDG PET, these tracers enable a more personalized approach to breast cancer management with a significant potential to advance precision oncology.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Dopaminergic imaging separates normal pressure hydrocephalus from its mimics
No full textIdiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and iNPH mimics (i.e., Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy or dementia with Lewy bodies) share similar clinical features, and discrimination between both conditions relies on invasive time-consuming investigations. This study aims to compare [123I]FP-CIT SPECT imaging-visual rating and semiquantitative values-between iNPH and iNPH mimics
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