706 research outputs found
Poliisin yhteiskuntavastuu - pohdiskelua organisaatiotutkimuksen ja Matti Yrjänä Joensuun romaanien pohjalta
No full textThe article describes the societalresponsibility of the police administration fromtwo viewpoints: how it is present inadministrative science and administrativeculture of the police and what kind of picturecan be found in the Finnish detective novelswritten by Matti Yrjänä Joensuu. The focus ofthe article is to make administrative scientificand literal viewpoints to discuss with eachothers. The article is created by tworesearchers. Markku Temmes aims to useadministrative science which emphasizes therole of the police as a basic organisation inthe society and in the politico-administrativesystem. The second author of the articleVoitto Ruohonen has in this article and in hisdissertation tackled the societal picture of thenovels by Matti Yrjänä Joensuu from viewpointof literature and sociological research
Benchmarking and the bottom line
No full textMatti Siemiatycki presents the case for expanding and formalising performance benchmarking processes to address the persistent problems of escalating costs and missed deadlines in infrastructure and public works projects Copyright (c) 2009 The Author. Journal compilation (c) 2009 ippr.
Sudden Death Associated with Incarcerated Small Bowel due to Mesodiverticular Band
No full textMeckel’s diverticulum is a congenital anomaly present in about 3% of the population and usually asymptomatic. Rarely, a mesodiverticular band extends from the tip of a Meckel’s diverticulum to the mesentery, thought to be due to lack of involution of the left vitelline artery. The presence of this band creates a closed loop through which loops of bowel can become entrapped. Rare case reports have described incarceration of bowel, and sudden death in children. We present such a case, and discuss this entity.Peer reviewe
Matti Aikio - verk og virke
No full textDenne avhandlingen studerer de litterære verkene til den samiske forfatteren Matti Aikio, samt det nedslag hans verk hadde i samtidens Norge. Aikios romaner, artikler, skuespill og billedkunst ble skapt i tidsrommet 1904-29, en periode da Norge som ny selvstendig nasjonalstat hadde begrenset toleranse med sin samiske minoritet. En slik etnisk kultur-forståelse var i samsvar med samtidens rådende sosial-darwinisme, på overgangen fra kolonialisme til imperialisme. I slike omgivelser fremsto Matti Aikio som norsk forfatter med bøker skrevet på norsk – men med et selvvalgt samisk-lydende kunstnernavn. Det er avhandlingens mål å avdekke en mulig notsetningen mellom storsamfunnets forventning om assimilasjon og Aikios diskrete presentasjon av samiske verdier i sitt verk og virke. Det blir diskutert om nettopp valg av virkemidler førte til mistenkeliggjøring fra samtidens samiske talsmenn, men at ettertiden har vist at Aikios insistering på samarbeidslinje ville gi bedre langsiktige resultater for samisk språk og kultur. Samtidig søker analysen å underbygge at Aikio selv fikk en økt forståelse for den samiske kulturens mangfold i løpet av sin karriere – samtidig som taktikken endret seg i forfatterens langsiktige strategi om full likestilling for den samiske minoriteten. Fra å hevde at den ekte samiske kulturen bare fantes i Karasjok, endte han med en mer moderne og inkluderende forståelse av en samisk folkegruppe med et mangfold av språk og kulturuttrykk.This dissertation is a study of the literary works by the Sami author Matti Aikio, and of the impact his work had in Norway in his time. Aikio’s novels, articles, dramas and paintings were produced in the time period 1904−1929, a period when Norway as an independent nation state had limited tolerance for its Sami minority. Such an ethnic cultural understanding corresponded with the prevailing sentiment of social Darwinism of the time, in the transition from colonialism to imperialism. In this context Matti Aikio emerged as a Norwegian author with books written in Norwegian – but under a personally chosen, Sami sounding nom de plume. The objective of the dissertation is to disclose a possible contradiction between greater society’s expectations regarding assimilation and Aikio’s discreet presentation of Sami values in his literary works and professional activity. It has been discussed whether precisely the choice of tools at hand served to undermine his credibility with the Sami spokesmen of the time, but after the fact it has become evident that Aikio’s insistence on a collaborative line would have far better long-term results for the Sami language and culture. The analysis simultaneously seeks to substantiate that Aikio personally acquired a greater understanding of the diversity of the Sami culture in the course of his career – while simultaneously the tactics of the author’s long-term strategy for full equality for the Sami minority changed. From maintaining that the true Sami culture was found only in Karasjok, he ended up with a more modern and inclusive understanding of a Sami ethnic group with a multitude of languages and cultural expressions
Matti Aikio - verk og virke [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textDenne avhandlingen studerer de litterære verkene til den samiske forfatteren Matti Aikio, samt det nedslag hans verk hadde i samtidens Norge. Aikios romaner, artikler, skuespill og billedkunst ble skapt i tidsrommet 1904-29, en periode da Norge som ny selvstendig nasjonalstat hadde begrenset toleranse med sin samiske minoritet. En slik etnisk kultur-forståelse var i samsvar med samtidens rådende sosial-darwinisme, på overgangen fra kolonialisme til imperialisme. I slike omgivelser fremsto Matti Aikio som norsk forfatter med bøker skrevet på norsk – men med et selvvalgt samisk-lydende kunstnernavn. Det er avhandlingens mål å avdekke en mulig notsetningen mellom storsamfunnets forventning om assimilasjon og Aikios diskrete presentasjon av samiske verdier i sitt verk og virke. Det blir diskutert om nettopp valg av virkemidler førte til mistenkeliggjøring fra samtidens samiske talsmenn, men at ettertiden har vist at Aikios insistering på samarbeidslinje ville gi bedre langsiktige resultater for samisk språk og kultur. Samtidig søker analysen å underbygge at Aikio selv fikk en økt forståelse for den samiske kulturens mangfold i løpet av sin karriere – samtidig som taktikken endret seg i forfatterens langsiktige strategi om full likestilling for den samiske minoriteten. Fra å hevde at den ekte samiske kulturen bare fantes i Karasjok, endte han med en mer moderne og inkluderende forståelse av en samisk folkegruppe med et mangfold av språk og kulturuttrykk.This dissertation is a study of the literary works by the Sami author Matti Aikio, and of the impact his work had in Norway in his time. Aikio’s novels, articles, dramas and paintings were produced in the time period 1904−1929, a period when Norway as an independent nation state had limited tolerance for its Sami minority. Such an ethnic cultural understanding corresponded with the prevailing sentiment of social Darwinism of the time, in the transition from colonialism to imperialism. In this context Matti Aikio emerged as a Norwegian author with books written in Norwegian – but under a personally chosen, Sami sounding nom de plume. The objective of the dissertation is to disclose a possible contradiction between greater society’s expectations regarding assimilation and Aikio’s discreet presentation of Sami values in his literary works and professional activity. It has been discussed whether precisely the choice of tools at hand served to undermine his credibility with the Sami spokesmen of the time, but after the fact it has become evident that Aikio’s insistence on a collaborative line would have far better long-term results for the Sami language and culture. The analysis simultaneously seeks to substantiate that Aikio personally acquired a greater understanding of the diversity of the Sami culture in the course of his career – while simultaneously the tactics of the author’s long-term strategy for full equality for the Sami minority changed. From maintaining that the true Sami culture was found only in Karasjok, he ended up with a more modern and inclusive understanding of a Sami ethnic group with a multitude of languages and cultural expressions.</p
Haiglatekkesed infektsioonid Eestis – vereringe- ja operatsioonipiirkonna infektsioonide epidemioloogia ja järelevalve
No full textVäitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsioone.Haiglatekkese infektsiooni (HI) teke on seotud arstiabi osutamisega, kuid üheks oluliseks riskiteguriks on ka patsiendi enda tervislik seisund. HI avaldub kas haiglas viibides või pärast sealt lahkumist. Euroopas diagnoositakse HI igal aastal 3,2 miljonil patsiendil. Kõige enam on ohustatud intensiivravi osakonna patsiendid. Üheks sagedasemaks HI liigiks on operatsioonipiirkonna infektsioon (OPI) ning kõige raskemaks on vereringeinfektsioon (VRI). HI järelevalve on infektsioonide vältimise nurgakiviks, kuna see võimaldab leida parimat viisi HI ennetamiseks.
Oma töös selgitasime haiglatekkese VRI ja keisrilõikejärgse OPI haigestumust, surmavusmäära, riskitegureid ning haigustekitajaid. Samuti hindasime keisrilõikejärgse OPI haiglavälise järelevalve meetodi sobivust kasutades erinevaid võimalusi nagu patsientidele helistamine, küsimustik arstidele ning ambulatoorsete kaartide analüüs.
Viisime läbi kolm uuringut: VRI uuringu nii kolmes Eesti haiglas kui ka Tartu Ülikooli Kliinikumi (TÜK) lasteintensiivravi osakonnas (LIRO) ning keisrilõikejärgse OPI uuringu TÜK naistekliinikus.
Leidsime, et kolme haigla VRI haigestumus, surmavusmäär ja haigustekitajad ei erine oluliselt mujal maailmas läbi viidud uuringute tulemustest. Samas võeti uuringuperioodil vähe verekülve, mis võis mõjutada tulemust. LIRO VRI haigestumus oli kõrge, mida muuhulgas võisid mõjutada kaks bakteriaalset puhangut uuringuperioodil. Samuti mõjutasid puhangud haigustekitajate spektrit ja antibakteriaalse tundlikkuse andmeid. VRI surmavusmäär oli madal võrreldes teiste uuringutega. Peamiseks riskiteguriks mõlemas töös olid veresoonesisesed kateetrid.
Keisrilõikejärgne OPI tekkis 6% patsientidel, mis on madalam võrreldes teiste uuringutega. Pärast haiglast lahkumist saime informatsiooni 95% patsientide kohta. Peaaegu pooled OPI juhud diagnoositi pärast haiglas viibimist, mis rõhutab haiglajärgse järelevalve olulisust. Riskiteguriks osutus lootekestade põletik, invasiivne loote jälgimine ja kirurgiline haavaklass III ja IV.
Edaspidi on HI vähendamisel oluline tegeleda nii leitud riskiteguritega kui ka puhangute vältimisega. VRI diagnostikaks tuleb parandada verekülvide võtmise praktikat. Meie valitud meetod osutus sobivaks keisrilõikejärgse OPI haiglaväliseks järelevalveks.Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is an infection that patients acquire while receiving treatment for medical or surgical conditions. However, one important risk factor is the patient`s comorbidities. HAI may occur in patients during their hospitalization or after discharge. In Europe HAI is diagnosed in 3.2 million patients every year. The risk of acquiring HAI is significantly higher in intensive care units. The most frequent types of HAI are surgical site infections (SSI) and the severest are bloodstream infections (BSI). HAI surveillance is the cornerstone of prevention since it facilitates the development of appropriate intervention measures.
The aim of the present study was to identify infection rates, outcome, risk factors and etiology of BSI and post-cesarean SSI in Estonia. We also evaluated a multimethod approach to postdischarge surveillance of SSI using a combination of telephone calls to the patients, healthcare worker’s questionnaire, and outpatient chart review.
We conducted three studies: BSI study in three Estonian hospitals as well as the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Tartu University Hospital (TUH), and the study of post-cesarean SSI in the Women’s Clinic of TUH.
We found that infection and case-fatality rates and pathogens of BSI in these three hospitals were consistent with previous investigations. However, our findings may be influenced by low blood culture sampling rate. In PICU we observed high incidence of BSI, which could have been affected by two bacterial outbreaks during the study period. The outbreaks also influenced the spectrum of pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility data. Case-fatality rate of BSI was low compared to other studies. The main risk factors in both studies were intravascular catheters.
The incidence of post-cesarean SSI was 6%, being lower compared to other studies. After hospital discharge we received information about 95% of patients. Almost half of the cases of SSI were detected during postdischarge surveillance, which emphasises the importance of this approach. We found three risk factors: chorioamnionitis, internal fetal monitoring and surgical wound classes III and IV.
In order to decrease HAI, in the future it is essential to work with the risk factors found as well as to avoid the outbreaks. Implementation of appropriate blood culture sampling practices will increase the quality of diagnostics of BSI. The method we used is suitable for postdischarge surveillance of post-cesarean SSI
Enda gripi vastu vaktsineerimine on tervishoiutöötajate töökohustus
No full textEesti Arst 2013; 92(10):55
The Nature of Pentecostal Theology: A Response to Velli-Matti Kärkkäinen and Amos Yong
No full textThe author offers a response to Velli-Matti Kärkkäinen’s essay, ‘Pentecostal Pneumatology of Religions: The Contribution of Pentecostalism to Our Understanding of the Work of God’s Spirit in the World’, which appeared in The Spirit in the World (2009) and often cites the work of Amos Yong. The author, who also draws from their wider writings, argues that while Kärkkäinen and Yong hail from Pentecostal backgrounds, their theological orientation is charismatic rather than Pentecostal; their approach is pneumatological rather than Pentecostal; and their methodology is ecumenical rather than Evangelical. More specifically, the author suggests that Kärkkäinen and Yong’s call for Pentecostals to embrace a more inclusive theology of religions is fraught with perils.</jats:p
Pandeemilisest gripist, vaktsineerimisest ja arsti vabast valikust
No full text2009. aasta pandeemiline gripp (AH1N1), alanud aprillis-mais USAs Californias ja Mehhikos, levis plahvatuslikult üle maailma.
Eesti Arst 2010; 89(2):81−8
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