453 research outputs found
Revisiting the Dynamics of Tourism, Economic Growth, and Environmental Pollutants in the Emerging Economies—Sustainable Tourism Policy Implications
No full textTourism contributions to economic growth and well-being have been widely acknowledged; however, its impacts on the environment demand an integrated approach to policy improvement across institutions in the emerging economies for the development of sustainable tourism practices. This study investigates the causal relationship between tourism, economic growth (GDP, capital investment), energy consumption, and environmental pollutants in developing economies, explicitly focusing on the case of Pakistan. Various econometric procedures and techniques were applied to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings suggest that economic growth support tourism development. Tourists’ arrivals have a significant positive impact on energy consumption, capital investment, and CO2 emissions; besides, environmental pollutant (CO2) causes negative effects on tourism. The results suggest that a 1 unit increase in tourism increases CO2 emissions metric tons per capita by 0.26 units in the long-run. A 1 unit increase in capital investment increases CO2 emissions metric tons per capita by 0.21 units, and a 1 unit increase in energy consumption increases CO2 emissions metric tons per capita by 0.51 units in the long-run. In the short-run, a 1 unit increase in tourism, capital investment, and energy consumption rises CO2 emissions metric tons per capita by 0.045, 0.04, and 0.08 units, respectively. Sustainable tourism remains a sole option in developing economies to enhance the competitiveness of tourism as a tool for friendly developments. Thus, tourism policies are needed to be integrated with overall economic, environmental, and energy policies to encourage the shift towards sustainable tourism development to minimize environmental pollution
Embedding spanning subgraphs into large dense graphs
No full textIn this thesis we are going to present some results on embedding spanning subgraphs into large dense graphs. Spanning Trees Bollob'as conjectured that if is a graph on vertices, for some , and is a bounded degree tree on vertices, then is a subgraph of . The problem was solved in the affirmative by Koml'os, S'ark"ozy and Szemer'edi for large graphs. They then strengthened their result, and showed that the maximum degree of need not be bounded: there exists a constant such that is a subgraph of if , and is large. Both proofs are based on the Regularity Lemma-Blow-up Lemma Method. Recently, using other methods, it was shown that bounded degree trees embed into graphs with minimum degree , where is a constant depending on the maximum degree of . Here we show that in general is sufficient for every . We also show that this bound is tight for the two extreme values of i.e. when and when . Powers of Hamiltonian Cycles In 1962 P'osa conjectured that if then contains the square of a Hamiltonian cycle. Later, in 1974, Seymour generalized this conjecture: if then contains the th power of a Hamiltonian cycle. In 1998 the conjecture was proved by Koml'os, S'ark"ozy and Szemer'edi for large graphs using the Regularity Lemma. We present a ``deregularised" proof of the P'osa-Seymour conjecture which results in a much lower threshold value for , the size of the graph for which the conjecture is true. We hope that the tools used in this proof will push down the threshold value for to around 100 at which point we will be able to verify the conjecture for every .Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Asif Jamshe
From Stewardship to Sustainability: A Comparative Analysis of Islamic Ecological Jurisprudence and Western Anthropocentric Regimes
No full textThe escalating global environmental crisis, exemplified by climate-induced displacement and systemic economic loss, necessitates an urgent critical re-evaluation of the ethical foundations of contemporary environmental policy. This study investigates the comparative efficiency of Islamic ecological jurisprudence and Western anthropocentric regimes, evaluating whether a synthesis of these paradigms can enhance global sustainability. To address methodological concerns, the research utilizes a mixed-methods design. The qualitative component employs a thematic content analysis of 675 Qur’anic verses, identified across 84 chapters, which were coded into practical mandates for water conservation, waste reduction, and sustainable resource management. These findings are framed by the theoretical principles of Tawheed (divine unity) and Khalifah (stewardship). The quantitative phase employs descriptive statistics to analyze the growth of Islamic green finance as a practical enforcement mechanism for environmental stewardship. Our analysis demonstrates a significant capital trajectory, with Islamic finance assets rising from 3.8 trillion in 2023. Through regional case studies, we examine specific mechanisms such as the implementation of environmental fatwas in Indonesia and Malaysia’s leadership in the Green Sukuk market, contrasting these with the decline of traditional hima protected zones in Saudi Arabia, from over 3,000 in the 1960s to fewer than 12 today. The study reveals that while Islamic principles offer a strong ecocentric alternative to the instrumentalist limitations of Western anthropocentrism, their practical application is often impeded by political and economic prioritization. This article contributes a novel hybrid framework that integrates the moral stewardship of Islamic jurisprudence with the market-driven regulatory mechanisms of Western legal systems to create a legally enforceable sustainability model
Prediction of particle concentration profiles in binary-solid liquid fluidized bed
No full textA simple mixing rule is presented here to predict the concentration profile of individual particle species in a binary-solid liquid fluidized bed from the information about the total solid concentration in the bed. Using the experimental data available in the literature, the applicability of this approach is demonstrated for the presence of different size particles in the bed. For the case of binary-solid fluidized bed showing layer inversion behavior, this simple mixing rule is capable of predicting the concentration of two species from the total solid concentration data of the bed.Corresponding Author:
Dr. Mohammad Asif, Professor
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University,
P.O. Box 800, Riyadh-11421, Saudi Arabia.
Email: [email protected]
Semantic Question Classification Datasets
No full textThis is the datasets used in the following paper:Can Taxonomy Help? Improving Semantic Question Matching using Question TaxonomyPaper: http://aclweb.org/anthology/C18-1042If you use the dataset please cite the following paper:@InProceedings{C18-1042,
author = "Gupta, Deepak
and Pujari, Rajkumar
and Ekbal, Asif
and Bhattacharyya, Pushpak
and Maitra, Anutosh
and Jain, Tom
and Sengupta, Shubhashis",
title = "Can Taxonomy Help? Improving Semantic Question Matching using Question Taxonomy",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Computational Linguistics",
year = "2018",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
pages = "499--513",
location = "Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA",
url = "http://aclweb.org/anthology/C18-1042"
}
</div
Metabolic Engineering of Aspergillus oryzae by Polyol Dehydrogenase Gene Mutants for Increased Xylitol Production
No full text博士論文 (Doctoral dissertation
Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Bimetallic Structures
No full textLaser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a popular additive manufacturing (AM) technique that has demonstrated the capability to produce sophisticated engineering components. This work reports the crack-free fabrication of an SS316L/IN718 bimetallic structure via LPBF, along with compositional redistribution, phase transformations and microstructural development, and nanohardness variations. Constituent intermixing after LPBF was quantitatively estimated using thermo-kinetic coefficients of mass transport and compared with the diffusivity of Ni in the austenitic Fe-Ni system. The intermixing of primary solvents (Ni and Fe) in SS316L/IN718 bimetallic structures was observed for an intermixing zone of approximately 800 µm, and their intermixing coefficient was estimated to be in the order of 10−5 m2/s based on time of 10 ms. In addition, to understand the high temperature behavior, SS316L/IN718 bimetallic structures were annealed at 850, 950, and 1050 °C, for 120, 48, and 24h respectively, followed by water quenching (WQ). Furthermore, to better understand the intermixing of individual components (Ni and Fe) and to predict the varying (maximum) temperatures in LPBF of SS316L/IN718 bimetallic structures, solid-to-solid SS316L vs IN718 diffusion couples were examined at 850, 950, and 1050 °C, for 120, 48, and 24h respectively, followed by WQ. The investigation of SS316L vs IN718 diffusion couples yielded a maximum temperature of approximately 3400 K in the LPBF of SS316L/IN718 bimetallic structures. Finally, compositional redistribution, phase transformations and microstructural development, and nanohardness variations after LPBF of SS316L/IN625 bimetallic structure were also investigated to provide a better understanding of the LPBF process via bimetallic fabrication
Factors Affecting the Non-Performing Loans in Bangladesh: A Study on Non-Banking Financial Institutions
No full textNon-banking financial institutions (NBFIs) are one of the most growing industries of Bangladesh. There are in total of 36 NBFIs in Bangladesh who play a vital role in the economy of Bangladesh. Non-performing loan is one of the major terms that all NBFI are aware of. The growth of NBFI industry highly depends on the management of non-performing loans and this non-performing loan is affected by many factors and variables.
The study uses rigorous quantitative analysis to look at how variables like GDP, inflation, Advance-to-Deposit Ratio (ADR), Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) affect top NBFIs in Bangladesh's Non- Performing Loans (NPL). The results provide important new information: ROA negatively affects NPL statistically, indicating that NBFIs must remain profitable in order to control non-performing loans and reduce credit risk. On the other hand, it was discovered that GDP and inflation had a positive and significant impact on NPL, suggesting that macroeconomic factors are crucial in determining the credit risk that these institutions confront. The paper makes extensive recommendations to solve the credit risk management issues that the NBFI sector in Bangladesh are facing by utilizing these insights. These include putting a high priority on managing profitability, keeping a close eye on macroeconomic developments, fortifying thorough frameworks for managing credit risk, and preserving portfolio diversification and regulatory compliance. By putting these suggestions into practice, NBFIs in Bangladesh will be able to efficiently reduce credit risk, handle non- performing loans, and preserve financial stability, all of which will ultimately support the industry's sustainable growth and provide people and companies hope for a better future
Mechanical Behavior Assessment of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
No full textThe present work correlates quasi-static, tensile mechanical properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 23) alloy to the phase constituents, microstructure and fracture surface characteristics that changed with post-heat treatment of stress relief (670 °C for 5h) and hot isostatic pressing (HIP with 100MPa at 920 °C for 2h). Ti-6Al-4V alloy tensile specimens in both the horizontal (i.e., X and Y) and vertical (Z) directions were produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique. Mechanical properties were determined using quasi-static, tensile testing for both the as-stress-relieved (ASR) and HIP specimens. For the ASR and HIP samples built in X, Y and Z directions, density by Archimedes principle and image analysis, phase constituents by X-ray diffraction and Rietveld technique, microstructure and fracture surface by optical and electron microscopy, and microhardness by Vickers were examined. Higher yield strength (1141 MPa), higher tensile strength (1190 MPa), but lower elongation at fracture (6.9 %) along with a mechanical anisotropy were observed for ASR samples. After HIP, an isotropic mechanical behavior was observed with a slight reduction in yield strength (928 MPa) and tensile strength (1003 MPa), but with a significant improvement in elongation at fracture (16.1%). These properties satisfy the industry specification. Phase constituents of acicular a\u27 phase in ASR and lamellar a + ß phases in HIP samples were consistently observed to substantiate the reduction in strength, but the anisotropic variation in elongation at fracture observed for the ASR samples was related to the presence of lack-of-fusion flaws
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Human Rights Law in Egypt and Malaysia: Freedom of Religion and Expression, Volume 1 /
No full textThe discourse surrounding freedom of religion and expression in Muslim-majority countries is complex and multifaceted, shaped by a myriad of factors including cultural, political, and legal dynamics. This volume examines the complex interplay of these factors within the contexts of Egypt and Malaysia, offering valuable insights into the challenges and advancements in safeguarding these fundamental freedoms. From the diverse interpretations of Islamic principles to the varying legal frameworks and the influence of global events, such as geopolitical conflicts and terrorism, on human rights dynamics, this volume provides a comprehensive exploration of the complexities involved. Moreover, it delves into the historical, social, and political contexts that shape the protection and limitation of these freedoms, offering a nuanced understanding of the evolving discourse surrounding human rights in Muslim-majority countries. Through comparative analyses and discussions on the role of civil society and advocacy groups, this volume serves as an invaluable resource for scholars, policymakers, and activists seeking to deepen their understanding of the multifaceted realm of freedom of religion and expression in Egypt and Malaysia. Asif Mohiuddin is a Lecturer in the Department of Moral Studies, Civics and Character Building at the Faculty of Human Sciences, Sultan Idris Education University, Malaysia. Previously, he worked as a Postdoctoral Academic Officer at the same institution. He is the author of the book "Navigating Religious Authority in Muslim Societies: Islamist Movements and the Challenge of Globalisation" (Palgrave Macmillan, 2023). From 2021 to 2022, he served as a Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Faculty of Theology at Sakarya University, Turkey. Before joining Sakarya University, he was a Lecturer in the Department of Higher Education, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India. He earned his PhD from the University of Kashmir in 2018. His research interests include globalisation and Islam, the intersection between politics and religion in the Middle East, human rights law, Islam and the West, and Muslim minorities in multicultural societies (Europe and South Asia)
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