28 research outputs found
Investigation of the Relationship between Academic Performance of Students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences with Demographic, Academic and Statistics Education Factors
No full textIntroductionSince students' academic performance holds significant information which provides feedback to teachers, educational planners, and students, identification of effective variables on academic performance is considered a significant priority. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between academic performance of students in medical university of Isfahan with demographic, scholastic and statistics knowledge factors.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with all the students from Isfahan University of Medical Sciences participating, during 2011- 2014. To answer the research questions, necessary information about the participants was taken from computing services office, and then analyzed using SPSS program version 24, through tables, central and dispersion indices, independent t-test, ANOVA, and ANCOVA.
Results: Research findings shows that there exist a statistically significant relation between academic performance of students with the variables including sex, age, marital status and statistics knowledge. However, place of accommodation and educational grade were not correlated with academic performance.
Conclusion: Considering the significant role of statistics for medical fields and its relevance with academic performance, it is a essential to improve statistics teaching methods. Better academic performance is expected from the students this way.
Citation: Keyvanara M, Hosseini SM, Naderi B. Investigation of the Relationship between Academic Performance of Students at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences with Demographic Academic and Statistics Education. Journal of Development Strategies in Medical Education 2018; 5(2): 13-21
Towards an understanding of suicide in Iranian society : social, cultural and medical contexts
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Social Responsibility of the Hospitals in Isfahan City, Iran: Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey
No full textBackground: Changes in modern societies develop the perception that the external environment is essential in
organization’s practices, especially in the way they deal with aspects such as human rights, community needs,
market demands and environmental interests. These issues are usually under the umbrella of the concept of
social responsibility. Given the importance of this concept in the context of health care delivery, suggesting a
new paradigm in hospital governance, the aim of this study was to measure the social responsibility in hospitals.
Methods:A cross-sectional survey was employed to collect data from a sample of 946 hospital staff of Isfahan
city. Data was obtained by structured and valid self-administrated questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive and
analytic statistics using SPSS.
Results:The mean score of hospitals’ social responsibility was 3.0 compared with the justified range from 1.0
to 5.0. Results showed that there was a significant relationship between social responsibility score and hospitals’
ownership (public or private). Also, there was no significant relationship between social responsibility and type
of hospital specialty.
Conclusion:It is recommended that hospital managers develop and apply appropriate policies and strategies
to improve their hospitals’ social responsibility level, especially through concentrating on their staff’s
working environment
Impact of cultural factors on the elderly utilization from healthcare services provided by Isfahan University of Medical Sciences' Hospitals - 2014
No full textAim: As we know, due to the undesirable structural and functional changes arise from aging, old people need more healthcare services than other groups in society. Many factors affect utilization of health services in this age group. Cultural factors can be named as the most important since they play a basic role in determining people's lifestyle and ultimately in the health protection behaviors. Therefore, this paper is aimed at investigation of cultural factors, affecting old people benefit of health services in Isfahan province in 2014. Methods: This study was descriptive analytic, conducted in later 2014. The research population consisted of people aged over 60 years who had been admitted in 12 hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Two hundred seventy-five people were selected and entered into the research using random sampling method. Data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in three scopes, and finally the data analyzed at two levels of descriptive level (including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation (SD) and inferential level (including statistical tests comparing independent group means, correlation coefficient test, and multivariable regression) in SPSS 22 software. Result: The results showed that the level of utilization for people who had routine exercises and jugging was 0.3 units of SD upper than others. Meanwhile, by increasing exercise frequency, level of religious beliefs and opinions and the having a proper and healthy diet, the utilization of healthcare services decreases by −0.198, −0.150 and −0.196, respectively. In fact, 5.5% of changes in health services utilization variable are explained by the research independent variables. Conclusion: The study showed that doctors' recommendations on physical activities, reasonable increase in exercise frequency, access to rich and healthy food, and religious beliefs can affect old people's utilization of health services; but they cannot explain all variances of it. Therefore, according to complexity of health related issues, other involved variables should be identified and investigated.Full Tex
Social Factors Influencing Women’s Body Image in Isfahan City
No full textIntroduction In the modern world, there is more short relationship among people. Therefore know themselves more with physical and visible characteristics rather than different or similarities in ascribed and achieved characteristics. The appearance of an individual is considered a sign identity. By the other words, what we can see in appearance account as main source of communication, interpretation. Among all of these characteristics, body constitutes the most direct and accessible base that can carry and play different forms of lifestyle and identity, so it is essential. It is perceived that body is a social and cultural reality. Therefore it is conceptualized by sociological theories such as social regulation, social symbols. This research applied the sociological theory of symbolic interaction and social structure of body in order to explain socialization of body and main concepts of the body. These theories portray that family, media, school and peers could influence on socialization. Body image is constituted in the life careers women. They learn how look at their body, how managed their body and how change their bodies. This process passed from family especially in childhood career, school and peers especially in adolescent career and finally media throughout of their life. The overall aim of this study is to explore of social factors influence on women to perception of body image. Alongside with the main aim, this research also seeks to test some hypothesis. The main hypothesis included: 1- there is relationship between spouse attitude and body image in women, 2- there is relationship between women body image and their socialization such as family, school, friends and media, and 3- there is relationship between women body image and age, educational level and marital status. Materials and Methods This is a survey research that adopts a descriptive and analytic method. Statistic society is women of 18 to 40 year-old the city of Isfahan with a population of 106,573. The sample size was calculated according to Cochran formula, 384 cases, and method of sampling was a multistage sampling. In first stage three regions have been chosen according to the Isfahan council information. Then each region divided to the blocks and one of them chooses as statistical unit, finally, the cases have been chosen randomly. The element was questionnaire consisted by research team according to the research theoretical framework. It included two separate parts questions which evaluated both socialization of cases and women body images. The questionnaire validity was provided by scholars and its reliability was calculated according to coefficients Cronbach's alpha (r = 0.70). The data was analyzed by SPSS software. In this line, table distribution frequency has been employed to show descriptive data and tests of Pierson, F and T has been used to analyze the relationship between variables. Discussion of Results & Conclusions Findings showed that mothers, sisters, friends and peers had the most effect on people’s appearance and dress. It is showed that there is relationship between attitudes of family, school around perspective, the use of media and influence of media and age with body image. But there was no significant relationship between management and body view with formation of body image. Also with t-test, relationship between marital status, education and occupation was assessed. The data show that there is a negative relationship between age and women body image. It means increasing age among women could decline their body image and their satisfaction around their bodies. The data also show that single girls had better body image in compare with married women. It is also suggested that increasing educational levels among women could raise women consent related to their body image. The main aim of this study was to study social factors influence on women to perception of body image. The results showed that variables of family, school, peers and media significantly had correlation with body image. The results showed that the major variable in constitution of body image is media. The results also showed that women relatives, school and family also impact on women body image but their influences are not much as media. The results of this research are corresponded with the results in other countries in the matter of media. They show that increasing using media could decline the women consents body images. Family also had a significant impact on women body image has been reported by many research worldwide. The findings of current research confirm their findings. The results of this research showed that relatives and friends had empowered influence on the women body image, so that women body image impactions of significant others had more negative body image among cases. However, it seems socialization can be effective in information of body image during individual’s lifetime. Because according to the results, women high level educated had more attention on their body images in compare with women low level educated. The results of this research also are alongside with other research in Iran and out of Iran. According to the findings it is suggested the researchers consider on perception the processes which each variables such as family, friends, peers, school and media could changes the women body image during a long time period. It seems understanding these processes could be resulted through a qualitative method research. References Amidi, M. Ghofranipoor, F. Hosseini, R. (2006) Body image dissatisfaction and body mass index in adolescent girls. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 1-2(4):59-65. Ahmad- nia, s (2005) Sociology of body and body in women, Faslnameh Zanan no 5, Tehran: Publishing in Roshangeran and women studies. Azad armaki, T. Chavoshian, H (2002), Body identified as medium, Journal of Sociology in Iran, Vo. 4, No. 4, PP. 57-75. Aghayari, S. (2003), Survey of women attitude to plastic surgery, Bs dissertation in Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran. Botta, R. A. (2003) For Your Health? The relationship between magazine reading and adolescents’ body image and eating disturbances, Sex Roles, 48. Boyd, M. A. (2002) Psychiatric nursing. New York: Lippincott. Douglas, M. (1970) Natural symbols: explorations in cosmology, London: The Cresset Press. Ekhlasi, E (2007), A Sociological survey of affecting factors on women body management (case study women of Shiraz), Ms dissertation in Esfahan university. Fouault, M. (2009) Objects and Power in Herbert L. Deryfus and Paul Rabinow, Translated by Hassan Bashirieh, Tehran: Neai Publication. Graven R, hirnlec.Fundamental nursing 3 edi.philadephia, Lippincott com. 2003 Gromel, K. Sargent, R. Wakins, J. Shoob, H. Digioacchino, R. Malian, A. (2000) Measurements of body image in clinical weight loss participants with and without binge-eating traits. Eating Behaviors; 1, 191. Gofman, E. (1984) Stigma: Notes on The Management of Spoiled Identity, Translated by Masoud Kianpour, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. Giddenz, A. (2007) Sociology, Translated by Mohssen Solasi, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. Haworth-Hoeppner, S. (2004). The critical shapes of body image: the role of culture and family in the production of eating disorders, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62:212-227. Hamzhee, F. Papzan, H. Sharify, M. (2010) Gender Differences in Youth Attitudes to Reference Groups, Journal of women in Developing and politics (Women Research), Vo. 8, No. 4. Kesel, F (2004) Abstraction of Giddens Works, Translated by Hassan Chavoshian, Tehran: GhoGhnos Publishing, First Edition. Keyvanara, M. Rabbani, R. Zhianpour, M. (2010) Social Stratification and Physical Improvements: Plastic Surgery as a Symbol for Social Class, Women’s Socio-Cultural Council Quarterly, Women Strategic Studies, Vo. 12 No.47. Khorshid, L., Eşer, Ĭ, Denat, Y., Cinar, Ş. (2007). An investigation into the body image of women in menopause, International Journal of Human Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue: 2, Levine M, Piran N. (2004) The role of body image in the prevention of eating disorders, Body Image. 1(1):57-70 Levinson, R., Powell, B., Steelman, L. C. (1986). Social location, significant others and body image among adolescents. Social Psychology Quarterly, (4) 49. Lewis, A. C. (1971) Masters of Sociological Thoughts, Translated by Mohssen Solasi, Tehran: Sokhan Publishing. Richardson E, King T, Forsyth H, Clark M. (2000) Body image evaluations in obese females with eating disorder. Eating Behaviors; 1(2)161-171. Shilling, C. (1993) Body and Social Theory, London :Sage publication. Swami, V., Hadji-Michael, M., Furnham, A. (2008). Personality and individual correlates of positive body image, Body Image, 5 (3) 322-325 Urner, B.S, (1978) Medical power and social knowledge, Londan: Saege publication Watkins S. A. (2005), Feminism, Translate by: Zyba Jalali,z, Second Edition,Tehran: Shirazeh Publishing. Zokaee, M. (2008), Culture of Youth Studies, Tehran: Institution of Agah Publication
The Sociocultural Contexts of Attempting Suicide Among Women in Iran
No full textIn this study, we investigated the sociocultural contexts of suicide attempts among women in Iran. Fifty women who attempted suicide and were admitted to the two main hospitals in Isfahan in 2006 were interviewed. The main themes identified were family problems, marriage and love, social stigma, pressure of high expectations, and poverty. We observed significant sociocultural influence on attempting suicide among the Iranian women in this study. Based on our findings we conclude that the women in the study were affected by social changes and the interplay between traditional and modern values and attitudes. Understanding sociocultural aspects of suicide in Iran is critical in providing effective and culturally sensitive suicide prevention and care programs
Social responsibility of the hospitals in Isfahan city, Iran: Results from a cross-sectional survey
No full textBackground:
Changes in modern societies develop the perception that the external environment is essential in
organization’s practices, especially in the way they deal with aspects such as human rights, community needs,
market demands and environmental interests. These issues are usually under the umbrella of the concept of
social responsibility. Given the importance of this concept in the context of health care delivery, suggesting a
new paradigm in hospital governance, the aim of this study was to measure the social responsibility in hospitals.
Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was employed to collect data from a sample of 946 hospital staff of Isfahan
city. Data was obtained by structured and valid self-administrated questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive and
analytic statistics using SPSS.
Results:
The mean score of hospitals’ social responsibility was 3.0 compared with the justified range from 1.0
to 5.0. Results showed that there was a significant relationship between social responsibility score and hospitals’
ownership (public or private). Also, there was no significant relationship between social responsibility and type
of hospital specialty.
Conclusion:
It is recommended that hospital managers develop and apply appropriate policies and strategies
to improve their hospitals’ social responsibility level, especially through concentrating on their staff ’s
working environmen
The Relationship between Social Capital and Quality of Life among Patients Referring to Diabetes Centers in Isfahan, Iran
No full textBackground. Studies have shown that the relationship between social capital (SC) and quality of life (QOL) has an important role in care, prevention, and treatment of some patients. The present study was conducted with the aim to determine the relationship between social capital and QOL of patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods. This descriptive, correlational study was conducted on 215 individuals selected through quota sampling. To assess social capital, the Social Capital Questionnaire was used, and to evaluate the QOL of patients with type 2 diabetes, the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) Brief Clinical Inventory was used. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation and regression analysis. Results. A significant relationship was observed between QOL and social capital in patients with diabetes. Moreover, social capital explained 14% of variance in QOL and with the addition of other accompanying diseases, this was increased to 19%. Conclusion. The results of this study can be useful for health care providers to improve the health of patients with diabetes. They also help patients to better manage and cope with their illness
Health and psychological determinants of uncontested divorce in the city of Kermanshah
No full textBackground: Because of the increasing trend of uncontested divorce in the courts, as two out of every three divorces are related to uncontested divorce, scrutinizing the health and psychological causes of the rate of uncontested divorce is of great importance. The aim of this study was to examine the psychological and health factors affecting uncontested divorce
Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional data secondary analysis in which the existing data were analyzed. After obtaining official permission from the family courts in the city of Kermanshah, the data related to the issue of uncontested divorce during 2017 and 2019 were received and analyzed. The sampling method in this study was a census in which all legal cases of applicants for uncontested divorce in city of Kermanshah in the years of 2017-2018 have been reviewed.
Results: 2842 cases referred to welfare organization for consultation, of which, 2331 cases led to uncontested divorce and 511 cases not led to uncontested divorce (compromise). Among the psychological factors, the variables of suspicion, pessimism and depression; and among health variables, the variable of sexual satisfaction had a statistically significant relationship with uncontested divorce and anxiety, aggression and infertility did not have a statistically significant relationship.
Conclusion: Considering the role of suspicion and pessimism, depression and sexual dissatisfaction in uncontested divorce, it was recommended that specific preventive strategies should be considered by the authorities. These strategies can provide both education and counseling in pre-marital and post-marital periods, as well as during the uncontested divorce process
Social and medical determinants of burn-related mortality in Isfahan, Iran
No full textBackground: Burns and heat-related injuries often lead to mortality and great financial and social costs. This study aimed at investigating the social determinants of burn-related mortality in a burn specialized hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional data secondary analysis study was conducted through the data related to burn patients hospitalized to burn specialized Imam Musa Kazem hospital, Isfahan, Iran, in a 4-year period. The data were extracted using Hospital's Information System, and analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Results: Among 3290 burn patients, 740 (22.49) had passed away. The highest mortality percentage was observed in women (31.1), aged higher than 60 years old (35.8), in patients with low-financial status (27.4), patients come from cities other than Isfahan (25.4), and in Total Burn Surface Area (TBSA) of higher than 71 (86.6). The results of logistic regression test showed that burn-related mortality is 50 lower in men compared to women (odds ratio OR = 0.50), 16% lower in 41-60 years of age group compared to over 60 years of age group (OR = 0.16), 41% higher in people with low financial status compared to those with high financial status (OR = 1.41) and 4% lower in people with 31-70 TBSA compared to those with TBCA higher than 71% (OR = 0.04). Conclusion: Burn-related mortality could be associated with treatment and health care as well as social factors. Therefore, parallel to hospital care and physical conditions of the burn patients, social factors including gender, age, income level, and place residence need to be addressed in burn policies to reduce burn-related mortalities
