821 research outputs found
LAMP: Lightweight Approaches for Latency Minimization in Mixnets with Practical Deployment Considerations
No full textThe dataset contains code to reproduce the results of the paper titled 'LAMP: Lightweight Approaches for Latency Minimization in Mixnets with Practical Deployment Considerations,' which has been accepted for publication in the proceedings of the Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS) 2025. Specifically, it provides all the necessary scripts and data to reproduce the analytical and simulation results presented in the paper. Our dataset is fully reproducible, covering all data in the publication. It has been rigorously evaluated by NDSS and has earned all the NDSS conference badges, highlighting its quality and reliability
A comparative study of impacts and implications of climate change on tourism in IRAN and Portugal (A case study of Kish Island and Algarve Region)
No full textNa atualidade, as preocupações com as alterações climáticas estão a crescer em grande escala, o que estimula a investigação relacionada a nível mundial, ainda mais por as mesmas terem implicações no setor do turismo. Pela revisão da literatura realizada, podemos deduzir que um dos tópicos a que os investigadores estão a dar especial atenção é o da relação entre as alterações climáticas e o sector do turismo. O interesse pelas interações entre o clima de determinado destino e o turismo aumentou, visivelmente, à escala global; no entanto, ainda há muita investigação empírica a fazer, sobretudo sobre a forma como os turistas reagem às condições meteorológicas com que se deparam e como o seu comportamento se poderá alterar de acordo com os possíveis cenários de, igualmente possíveis, alterações climáticas no futuro. Sendo o sector do turismo muito dependente das condições meteorológicas, a previsão de possíveis alterações climáticas será essencial para o desenvolvimento sustentável dos destinos turísticos a nível mundial, particularmente em regiões com elevada vulnerabilidade às alterações climáticas, ou seja, em regiões criticas. Entre os diferentes tipos de turismo, o turismo costeiro é o mais vulnerável às alterações climáticas devido às suas atividades ao ar livre, pois as mesmas só são possíveis de realizar sob determinadas condições climáticas.
Tendo como um dos objetivos primordiais o contributo para a literatura relacionada com o clima, numa visão holística, escolhemos duas zonas com vulnerabilidades climáticas diferentes, em dois países diferentes, mas pouco estudada(o)s até ao momento. Para tal, nesta tese é feita uma investigação intercontinental, um estudo em Portugal e outro no Irão. Os estudos realizados nos referidos países, em ambos os casos com uma eminente vocação turística, fornecem indicadores sobre alguns, possíveis, impactos das alterações climáticas no sector do turismo em ambos os lados do mundo.
Em ambas as regiões consideradas para estudo o turismo costeiro é um motor económico dominante, o que os torna ainda mais vulneráveis relativamente às alterações climáticas. Devido ao aquecimento global, os destinos, em geral, estão a lidar com diferentes tipos de impactos tais como: impactos causados por catástrofes naturais, por tempestades, por fenómenos climáticos extremos, pela erosão costeira, por movimentos de sedimentos, por ondas de calor severas e cada vez mais frequentes, pelo desmoronamento de falésias selvagens ou pelos incêndios florestais devastadores. Na ilha de Kish, para além destes fenómenos, as alterações climáticas provocaram também inundações, secas severas, escassez de água potável e consequente contaminação da mesma, por uma diminuição drástica dos caudais dos rios e por uma elevada redução do nível da água do mar Cáspio. Estas catástrofes naturais também estão muito presentes em Portugal. Os casos de estudo foram selecionados através de um processo de downscaling em que serão comparados dois pontos muito semelhantes, homogéneos ao nível das alterações climáticas e de dependência do turismo costeiro, a Ilha de Kish e a região do Algarve.
Este trabalho pode classificar-se como uma investigação aplicada-descritiva, em que se utiliza uma abordagem positivista apoiada em métodos quantitativos. Nesta tese é utilizado um modelo analítico comparativo para estudar e investigar as semelhanças e diferenças entre dois estudos de caso. Com os resultados do estudo pretende-se contribuir cientificamente, de forma robusta e sustentada, no apoio às diferentes entidades do sector do turismo de forma a reduzir a vulnerabilidade das regiões e a melhorar os esforços de adaptação face à situação volátil.
Após uma relevante revisão crítica da literatura foi efetuada uma avaliação exaustiva da vulnerabilidade e da adaptação do turismo às alterações climáticas, com base numa abordagem ascendente nacional, utilizando os cenários do IPCC (Painel Internacional sobre Alterações Climáticas) de forma a modelar e a prever possíveis alterações futuras em ambas as regiões consideradas nos estudos de caso.
A literatura sobre o impacto das alterações climáticas foi utilizada para fazer um enquadramento para a comparação entre as duas regiões em estudo de caso, situadas nos extremos do globo, a fim de testar um modelo comparativo mais abrangente e de modo a avaliar os impactos das alterações climáticas no turismo costeiro. Nesse sentido, e recorrendo-se a dados climáticos secundários, foi utilizado o Índice Climático do Turismo (ICT), o mais utilizado para avaliar a adequação climática de um destino em atividades turísticas gerais, para investigar os impactos das alterações climáticas no turismo costeiro das duas regiões em estudo. Além do referido, foram utilizados programas informáticos, como por exemplo a calculadora TCI e o Minitab 19, bem como testes estatísticos específicos para dados climáticos, como por exemplo o teste de tendência de Man-Kendall, o teste de declive de Sen, além do modelo do programa Lars-WG6. Acrescente-se que os testes de tendência de Mann-Kendall e o teste de declive de Sen são ferramentas disponibilizadas pelo XLSTAT.xla, suplemento do Excel.
Apesar das dificuldades encontradas na obtenção de dados secundários, tanto em Portugal como no Irão, conseguiram-se fazer avaliações fiáveis e desenhar cenários para 2050 e para 2100 confiáveis. Os resultados obtidos mostram que, apesar dos impactos das alterações climáticas em cadeia, a maioria dos turistas continuará a viajar para a região do Algarve e para a Ilha de Kish, mas não durante as épocas altas. No essencial, os turistas manterão a sua fidelidade às regiões, contudo poderão alterar de época, o que poderá ser um, possível, bom indicador pois poderá suavizar sazonalidades intrínsecas às referidas regiões. Por outro lado, a investigação também indicia que as alterações climáticas poderão influenciar a escolha do destino, mas em menor escala. Tal como referido anteriormente, estes resultados contribuem para identificar os impactos potencialmente positivos e negativos das alterações climáticas em ambas as regiões de estudo de caso, o que permitirá aos gestores de destinos e aos decisores políticos tomar decisões apropriadas, sustentadas e robustas, de modo a minimizar os impactos potencialmente negativos e de forma a aproveitar as potenciais oportunidades do futuro.
Consequentemente, constatamos que existe uma janela de oportunidade para contribuir para a redução dos impactos mais nefastos das alterações climáticas no setor, mas que será uma oportunidade limitada no tempo, pois a degradação do planeta, em termos climáticos, não para: o mundo tem menos de uma década para mudar de rumo. As medidas a serem implementadas nos próximos anos, ou as que deixarem de ser implementadas, terão um enorme impacto no futuro do sector do turismo e no desenvolvimento de outras atividades humanas. O mundo precisa de mais recursos, sejam ao nível financeiro ou de capacidades tecnológicas, para atuar no imediato. Fundamentalmente, o que falta é um sentido de urgência, de solidariedade humana com os nossos e com os outros, em termos de futuro, ou seja, de um interesse/espirito coletivo.
Este estudo recomenda que se faça mais investigação, em particular a outras regiões de outros países com as mesmas preocupações, e sejam desenvolvidos novos métodos de forma a explorar novos índices e métodos que permitam prever situações críticas futuras bem como aplicações das referidas novas tecnologias de forma a mitigar a política de alterações climáticas e a reduzir o risco acrescido dos efeitos das alterações climáticas. Os assuntos tecnológicos, os investigadores, os cientistas metrológicos e os participantes internacionais, leia-se organizações mundiais, têm por obrigação apoiar estes objetivosCurrently, the concerns about climate change are growing on a large scale, which stimulates the related research worldwide, even more so because they have implications for the tourism sector. From the literature review, one of the topics to which researchers are giving special attention is the relationship between climate change and the tourism sector. The interest in the interactions between the climate of a specific destination and the tourism sector has visibly increased on a global scale; however, there is still much empirical research to be done, especially on how tourists react to the weather conditions they encounter and how their behaviour can change according to the possible scenarios of, equally possible, climate change in the future. As the tourism sector is highly dependent on weather conditions, forecasting possible climate change will be essential for the sustainable development of tourist destinations worldwide, particularly in regions with high vulnerability to climate change, i.e., critical regions. Among the different types of tourism, coastal tourism is the most vulnerable to climate change because of its open-air activities, which can only be carried out under certain climatic conditions.
Considering the contribution to the climate-related literature as one of the main objectives, in a holistic vision, we have chosen two areas with different climate vulnerabilities in two countries, but little research so far. For this, in this thesis, intercontinental research is done, one study in Portugal and another in Iran. The studies conducted in these countries, both with a prominent tourism vocation, provide indicators of some possible impacts of climate change on the tourism sector in both places.
In both regions considered for the study, coastal tourism is a dominant economic driver, making them even more vulnerable to climate change. Because of global warming, the destinations, in general, are managing different types of impacts such as the impacts caused by natural disasters, storms, extreme weather phenomena, coastal erosion, sediment movements, severe and more and more frequent heat waves, the collapse of the wild cliffs or the devastating forest fires. On the island of Kish, in addition to these phenomena, climate change has also caused floods, a severe drought, a shortage of drinking water and its consequent contamination by a drastic reduction in river flows and a high reduction in the water level of the Caspian Sea. These natural disasters are also very present in Portugal. The case studies have been chosen through a downscaling process in which two very similar points, homogeneous regarding climate change and the dependence on coastal tourism, the Island of Kish and the Algarve region, will be compared.
This work can be classified as applied-descriptive research using a positivist approach supported by quantitative methods. This thesis uses a comparative analytical model to study and investigate the similarities and differences between two case studies. The results of the study are intended to contribute scientifically, in a robust and sustained way, in supporting the different stakeholders of the tourism sector to reduce the vulnerability of the regions and improve adaptation efforts in the face of the volatile situation.
After the relevant critical literature review, a comprehensive assessment of tourism vulnerability and adaptation to climate change was carried out based on a national bottom-up approach, using the IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change) scenarios in order to model and predict potential future changes in the two regions considered in the case studies.
The literature concerning the impact of climate change was used to establish a framework for the comparison between the two case study regions located at the extremes of the globe, to test a more comprehensive comparative model and assess the impacts of climate change on coastal tourism. In this sense, and by using secondary climate data, the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), the most widely used to assess the climate suitability of a destination for general tourism activities, was used to investigate the impacts of climate change on the coastal tourism of the two case study regions. In addition to the above, computer programmes, such as the TCI calculator and Minitab 19, as well as statistical tests specific to climate data, such as the Man-Kendall trend test, Sen's slope test, in addition to the Lars-WG6 programme model were used. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen's slope test are tools made available by XLSTAT.xla, an Excel add-in.
Even with the difficulties in obtaining secondary data in Portugal and Iran, it was possible to conduct accurate assessments and draw reliable scenarios for the years 2050 and 2100. The results show that, notwithstanding the climate change chain impacts, most tourists will keep travelling to the Algarve region and the Island of Kish, but not during the high seasons. In essence, the tourists will keep their loyalty to the regions. However, they may change the season, which can be a good indicator because it can smooth out the seasonality intrinsic to these regions. On the other hand, the research also indicates that climate change may influence the choice of destination, but to a more limited extent. As mentioned above, these results contribute to identifying the potential positive and negative impacts of climate change in both case study regions, which will enable destination managers and decision makers to make appropriate, sustained and robust decisions to mitigate potentially negative impacts and to take advantage of the potential opportunities of the future.
Therefore, we see a time window of opportunity to contribute to reducing the most harmful impacts of climate change in the sector. However, it will be a limited opportunity in time because the planet's climatic degradation continues: the world has less than a decade to change course. The measures to be implemented in the coming years, or those that are no longer implemented, will significantly impact the future of the tourism sector and the development of other human activities. The world needs more resources, be they financial or technological capacities, to operate in the immediate future. Fundamentally, what is missing is a sense of urgency, of human solidarity with our own and others, in terms of the future, in other words, a collective interest/spirit.
This study recommends that further research be done, particularly in other regions in other countries with the same preoccupations and that new methods be developed in order to explore the new indices and the methods for predicting future critical situations as well as the applications of these new technologies in order to mitigate the climate change policy and reduce the increased risk of the effects of climate change. The technological affairs, the researchers, the metrological scientists and the international participants, in other words, global organizations, should support these objectives
Ecriture au feminin par procuration : Pierre de patience d'Atiq Rahimi
No full textThe author proposes a feminist interpretation of Pierre de patience, a novel by the afghan francophone writer Atiq Rahimi. He sees it as a francophone text come from elsewhere, as world literature, but also as a message and hope for our time and for gender equality
THE LURE OF THE IMAGE KEBOHONGAN PADA NARASI PEREMPUAN DALAM SYNGUE SABOUR PIERRE DE PATIENCE KARYA ATIQ RAHIMI
No full textThis study aims to determine the position of the author in women narration. With Rahimi’s background as a feminist, he said that with his novel he voiced the voices of Afghan women. Rahimi offered a strong female figure in the middle of the patriarchal shackles who is able to fight the system. The problem of this study is Rahimi’s ambiguity in narrating women. To determine the position of the author, the research uses the concept of the lure of the image belongs to Lidia Curti. The lure of the image is an offer provided by the author to give positions to women that are in fact not provided by them. Based on the research conducted, the results show that Rahimi keeps women as objects in a patriarchal world. In this case he is not able to pull the women out of the patriarchal zone. The space given to women by Rahimi reinforces male power. What Rahimi written in this novel is the lure of the image according to Curti’s concept which explains it as an image of women given by author or known as female gaze
supplemental_material – Supplemental material for The Trend of Interpersonal Violence Mortality at National and Provincial Levels in Iran From 1990 to 2015
No full textSupplemental material, supplemental_material for The Trend of Interpersonal Violence Mortality at National and Provincial Levels in Iran From 1990 to 2015 by Man Amanat, Khatereh Naghdi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Naser Ahmadi, Nazila Rezaei, Soheil Saadat, Mona Salehi, Parinaz Mehdipour, Sepehr Khosravi, Farzaneh Kianian, Elmira Forootan, Elnaz Hosseini, Zahra Ghodsi, Farideh Sadeghian, Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini, Seyed Behzad Jazayeri, Pegah Derakhshan, Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq, Payman Salamati, Ali H. Mokdad, Gerard O’Reilly, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh and Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar in Journal of Interpersonal Violence</p
Smith Professor Hillel Y. Levin offers his thoughts on the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on U.S. v. Rahimi
No full textSmith Professor Hillel Y. Levin offers his thoughts on the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on U.S. v. Rahimi:
What did the Supreme Court do in Rahimi?
As expected, the Court reversed the Fifth Circuit and held that when an individual has been found by a court to pose a credible threat to the physical safety of another, that individual may be temporarily disarmed consistent with the Second Amendment. The decision was 8-1, with only Justice Thomas dissenting.
On what basis did the Supreme Court decide the case?
The Court held that when looking for historical analogues of modern-day restrictions on firearms, it is not necessary to find a perfectly equivalent regulation from the Founding or post-Civil War eras. In the words of Chief Justice Roberts, the author of the majority opinion, the Second Amendment permits more than just those regulations identical to ones that could be found in 1791. It is sufficient that there be sufficient historical analogues that impose similar burdens or restrictions on the right to bear arms for similar reasons. Here, the Court concluded that the country has a tradition of disarming individuals who pose a clear threat of physical violence to another, even if not quite in the same manner as the law that was applied to Rahimi.
Does this clarify Bruen? How will it impact other cases?
This was a fairly narrow opinion. The Court kept the Bruen regime intact and gave little guidance to lower courts in applying it to other kinds of regulations. At most, the Court clarified that historical analogues need not be perfect in order to justify a modern restriction. However, lower courts will continue to struggle to determine just how similar a modern restriction must be to the historical analogue.
University of Georgia School of Law Smith Professor Hillel Y. Levin is available for further commentary at [email protected]
Smith Professor Hillel Y. Levin offers his thoughts on the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on U.S. v. Rahimi
No full textSmith Professor Hillel Y. Levin offers his thoughts on the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on U.S. v. Rahimi:
What did the Supreme Court do in Rahimi?
As expected, the Court reversed the Fifth Circuit and held that when an individual has been found by a court to pose a credible threat to the physical safety of another, that individual may be temporarily disarmed consistent with the Second Amendment. The decision was 8-1, with only Justice Thomas dissenting.
On what basis did the Supreme Court decide the case?
The Court held that when looking for historical analogues of modern-day restrictions on firearms, it is not necessary to find a perfectly equivalent regulation from the Founding or post-Civil War eras. In the words of Chief Justice Roberts, the author of the majority opinion, the Second Amendment permits more than just those regulations identical to ones that could be found in 1791. It is sufficient that there be sufficient historical analogues that impose similar burdens or restrictions on the right to bear arms for similar reasons. Here, the Court concluded that the country has a tradition of disarming individuals who pose a clear threat of physical violence to another, even if not quite in the same manner as the law that was applied to Rahimi.
Does this clarify Bruen? How will it impact other cases?
This was a fairly narrow opinion. The Court kept the Bruen regime intact and gave little guidance to lower courts in applying it to other kinds of regulations. At most, the Court clarified that historical analogues need not be perfect in order to justify a modern restriction. However, lower courts will continue to struggle to determine just how similar a modern restriction must be to the historical analogue.
University of Georgia School of Law Smith Professor Hillel Y. Levin is available for further commentary at [email protected]
Domestic violence against women in Atiq Rahimi\u27s The Patience Stone
No full textDomestic violence against women is a common social ill that destroys thousands of women?s lives worldwide (Khan, 2000). However, the growth of this concern, particularly in developing countries such as Afghanistan, requires more scholarly attention not only because the lives of many Afghan women are affected by it, but also because it remains overlooked due to socio-cultural norms that consider discussions about it as taboo. Of late, however, there is a rising trend among members of the Afghan Diaspora in portraying domestic violence against their womenfolk back home through such artistic mediums as fiction (Parveen, 2015). Therefore, in this paper, we shall examine the manifestations of domestic violence against women in the Afghan context through a textual analysis of The Patience Stone by Atiq Rahimi, an author belonging to the Afghan Diaspora. Originally written in French, this breakthrough novella highlights the harsh reality of the misery suffered by many Afghan women on a regular basis, notably the various forms of domestic violence that they have to endure in the poverty-stricken, war-torn and staunchly patriarchal environment of their homeland. Through a feminist reading of The Patience Stone (2011), we shall examine Rahimi?s depictions of domestic violence against women in the novella as a highly engendered phenomenon resulting from gender inequality and a sexist hierarchy of power prevalent in Afghan society. Furthermore, this paper is outlined based on three main forms of domestic violence, namely physical, sexual and emotional abuse, which are depicted in The Patience Stone through the novella?s female characters, notably the main protagonist
Characterization of the passive layer on ferrite and austenite phases of super duplex stainless steel
No full textIn this study, we report on a combined microscopic, analytical and electrochemical characterization of the nanoscopic passive layer on a tungsten‑molybdenum-containing super duplex stainless steel. We used scanning transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy, scanning tunneling spectroscopy, and Mott–Schottky electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis to correlate the local chemical composition and electronic properties of passive layers on austenite and ferrite phases. The passive layer on the ferrite phase contains a higher amount of Mo, W, and Cr, which accommodates a higher nobility of ferrite and a higher local energy of the band gap compared to those on the austenite. The two aforementioned phases exhibit a different composition and semi-conductive properties of their passive layers leading to dissimilar local corrosion susceptibility. These findings are of pivotal importance in further studies of austenite and ferrite phase resolved corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel demanding a dedicated alloying strategy.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.(OLD) MSE-6QN/Zandbergen La
Political parties and social networks in Iraq, 1908-1920
No full textSakai, Kelko; Political Parties and Social Networks in Iraq, 1908-1920; submitted for M.A. in Faculty of Social Sciences. C.M.E.I.S.; 1994 This study is to analyze the principal patterns of proto-nationalism as they emerged in the anti-colonial movement in the first two decades of twentieth century. The earliest party political activities were based on notions of Arab separatism from the Ottoman Empire and on anti-Western attitudes on the part of some religious Shi'i. On the eve of the award of the mandate for Iraq to Britain, two major political parties were actively opposed to the British occupation, and this opposition found expression in the country-wide uprising in 1920.At this stage Iraqi nationalism, in the sense of both qawmiya and wataniya. was only at a very early stage of development. The popularity and breadth of the uprising was largely due to its being based on a combination of existing social networks, and the way in which it acted as a focus for proto-national and anti-colonial sentiments. Haras al-Istiqlal succeeded in mobilizing 'traditional society' and managed at least in part to overcome tribal, religious, sectarian and urban/ rural differences, especially with a support it attracted from Shi'i "ulama and sada'. al-'Ahd al-'Iraqi. on the other hand, originally established as an 'Arabist' society by former Ottoman officers, also tried to mobilize tribal society, mainly in northern Iraq, after becoming separated from its Syrian- based founders. This caused antagonisms between the organization’s headquarters in Damascus and tribal and other local political forces in Iraq. Both parties attempted to mobilize sentiments which can be described loosely as 'Iraqist'. Although the idea of Iraqi wataniya was still vague in 1920, this early expression of Iraqism as a proto-nationalist force has functioned as a source for reproduction and the imagining of Iraqi national identity
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